World War 1
Authors Note:
I hope this turn out good *sigh* pls review and tell me my mistakes.
Warning:
This chapter is full of violence, if you hate violence please don't read.
Disclaimer:
I don't own Hetalia, the war and the leaders who will mentioned in the story.
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The war begun on August 4, 1914, as a battle between two groups of European Nations.
The groups are Central Powers and Allied Powers, The Central Powers included Germany and Austria-Hungary. The Allied Powers included Great Britain, France, Russia, Serbia and Montenegro (once part of Yugoslavia). Once the fighting began, other nations entered the battle field. Turkey and Bulgaria joined the Central Powers. The Allied Powers were joined by Japan, Italy, Portugal, Romania, The United States, Greece, Cuba, Panama, Thailand, Liberia, China, Brazil, Guatemala, Nicaragua, Haiti, Costa Rica and Honduras.
The World War 1 developed from two complex causes. One cause was the fact that all European countries had developed conscript armies. The second cause of the war was a gradual breakdown of agreements among the European nations accompanied by changes in the balance of power among them.
Germany was depending on the use of the Schlieffen Plan, sending 90 percent of the German forces immediately against France. According to the plan, French troops would be crushed within four or five days. Then full German forces could be sent against Russia's long mobilization time meant it would be unable to help defend France, and Russian Forces would be only partly ready by the time Germany attacked Russia.
Once the schlieffen Plan was begun, German forces immediately tore through Belgium to attack Northern France. Seeing the danger France mobilize his troops. The weak Belgian army gave way in the face of German artillery guns. The French army met the German forces at the Northern border of France, but the well-trained Germans pushed them back almost to Paris. Britain came into the war, and the combined armies of Great Britain and France stopped the Germans at the Marne River.
The Germans tried another maneuver. They struck northward toward the English Channel to cut off the flow of supplies coming from England. They opened the dikes, flooded the battlefield, drowned many Germans, and the attack.
By the winter of 1914-1915, Schlieffen Plan had obviously failed. The Germans had failed in their attempt to crush France quickly. Germany had misjudge the strength of the French and British forces. The war was deadlocked. Two lines of opposing trenches were dug that stretched across about 600 miles (965 km) of France from Belgium to Switzerland. Between the trench lines was an area called "No Man's Land".
On the eastern front, Russian forces attacked Prussia and were beaten back. But a Russian force in the south soundly defeated Austro-Hungarian forces. These Russian attacks forced Germany to defend its eastern borders, which relieved some of the pressure on France in the west.
British and German battle fleets confronted each other in the North Sea. German that lasted throughout the war.
From 1915 through 1917, the Central and Allied Powers tried various maneuvers to break the trench deadlock and gain a decisive battle success. But both side on the western front had equal forces. Thousand of lives were lost in unsuccessful attempts to break through enemy positions. The more lives that were lost, the more the leaders felt they must gain a victory.
In 1915, the Germans brought out a secret weapon- poison gas -that was then used by both sides throughout the war. Gas masks became standard military equipment. In 1916, the British intoduced their own secret weapon- the tank. Tanks were a new military invention. They were called "land battleships".
In 1916, the German high command decided to try wearing down French forces at the town of Verdun. The Germans planned to break the French line by applying a slow, long-term, steady pressure on Verdun.
In January 1917, Germany announced a policy of unlimited submarine warfare. All ships, even those of neutral nations, were now targets for German attack. U.S merchant ships were torpedoed and sunk, and U.S losses rose steeply. In 1915, German submarines had sunk the british passenger ship Lusitania with U.S citizens aboard. This catastrophe had aroused U.S opinion against Germany. President Woodrow Wilson had sent sharp messages to Kaiser Willhelm telling him to suspend German attacks on U.S ships. Finally, on April 6, 1917, the United States declared war on Germany.
On March 15, Czar Nicholas II abdicated (resigned) and a provisional government was set up. But the new government was equally unable to support Russian participation in the war. Russian troops mutinied and began streaming homeward by the thousands.
In November 1917, the revolutionary Bolshevik (Communist) party, led by V. I. Lenin and Leon Trotsky, overthrew the provisional government. Lenin soon announced his intentions to make peace with Germany, and negotiations began in December. Russia was out of war.
In June 1917, the first troops of the American Expeditionary Force (AEF), under General John J. Pershing, arrived in France. German submarine warfare increased against ships going to and from Britain. Britain was in danger of having all its supplies cut off. U.S destroyers arrived in British waters to aid British convoys.
In the early monthd of 1918, the Germans decided on a new plan for victory. German troops on the eastern front would be seny quickly to the west. On March 21, the Germans launched their great attack. They broke through Allied lines at one point. Instead of sending more troops through that gap, German officers ordered attacks at other places along the Allied line.
On August 8, the Allies launched a huge artillery attack using a forward line of tanks with thousands of foot soldiers behind. The German army collapsed. With air and ground attacks, Allied armies kept pushing the Germans forces back. German supplies ran short. German sailors mutinied, and riots broke out in several German cities. The German people demanded the abdication of KKaser Willhelm II, and he was sent into exile on November 10. A provisional German goverment surrendered to the Allied Powers on November 11, 1918. All fighting on the western front ended.
After the war, the world's political leaders had the job of trying to build a lasting peace out of tge ruins of war. Representatives from the nations involved in the war met at the Paris Peace Conference to decide thd conditions of peace with Germany. The principal negotiators were President Woodrow Wilson of the United States, Prime Minister David Llyod George of Great Britain, Premier Georges Clemenceau of France, and Premier Vittorio Orlando of Italy. Germany, however, was barred from the conference and had no voice in forming tge peace plans. The result of the negotiotions was the Treaty of Versailles, located just outside the city of Paris, France.
The Treaty of Versailles was ratified by all the nations that signed it, except the United States. The Senate would not approve U.S membership in the League of Nations, so the United States concluded a separate treaty with Germany in 1921.
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Vanilla
