Rita: He's Hugo.
Hugo: And she's Rita.
Hugo: And now we are doctors in this new series created by the master Redhood123 will be showing how you're body works from the craziest to the zaniest.
Rita: And in future episodes will be showing more about you're body and well even more but first.
Hugo: Coming up today on the first episode of Science with Hugo.
Rita: And Rita.
Hugo: Find out what secret this man has learn what to do when this happens and we show you how you're eyes work but first.
Hugo: This patient was expecting a normal day until something happened to him.
Rita: Luckily he has come to the right place.
( A hospital in Manchester is shown )
Rita: In this hospital in Manchester is eight year old Mason with his mum dad and big sis.
Mason: I hurt my ankle I was jumping on a trampoline with my friend and I bumped into him.
Hugo: How did it happen?
Rita: Lets fins out Hugo.
( An animation is shown of Mason jumping on a trampoline with his friend is shown )
Rita: Mason was jumping on a trampoline as high as he could he bounced higher and higher.
Hugo: Into outer space?
Rita: No Hugo anyway his cousin was on the same trampoline going as high as he could so guess what happened next?
Hugo: They left Earth orbit and flew to Mars?
Rita: No here's what really happened they smashed into each other toppled down and Mason twisted his ankle.
Hugo: Ouch.
Rita: Here to look at Mason's ankle is Dr Beaves he tells Mason that his ankle is not badly injured but he tells him that sometimes with a bad break or bad sprain swelling can compress the blood supply and nerves but he's happy that there all ok.
Hugo: Next up Dr Beaves is going to give Mason an x-ray to see what was happen to his ankle it turns out there's just a small fragment of bone but it isn't conclusive because of the symptoms on the side of his ankle.
Hugo: So now Mason has to wear crutches I kind of hope he'll be popular at school he then has to take a test join us later to see if he passes the test.
THE LAB
Hugo: And now to out lab where we do incredible experiments to show how you're body works just don't try anything you see here at home.
Hugo: Today's experiment is all about you're eyes in fact did you know you're eyes can move over a 100,000 times in a single day.
Rita: Now we know that our eyes come in all sorts of different colours but I if Hugo looks into my eyes all he can really see is the coloured bit the iris and the black hole in the middle the pupil but there's a lot more going on.
Hugo: Its time to delve a little deeper this is my eye camera this will met us look at Rita's eye super close up.
( The eye camera showed a close up of Rita's eye )
Hugo: So this is Rita's eye now the coloured bit of the eye here is called the iris and the colour of the iris depends on the amount of pigment in it Rita's got a brown iris which means she's got lots of pigment and people with less pigment have blue or green lighter coloured eyes and the iris is a ring of muscle surrounding the pupil and the pupil's black because it's a hole going right through to the back of Rita's eyeball.
Rita: You're iris and pupil work together to help you see and to show you how Hugo is going to use this torch which is made for looking at eyes.
Hugo: I'm going to shine it into Rita's eye and you'll see her eye will detect the extra light and contract the pupil and when I take it away there's less light and the pupil gets bigger again.
( Hugo showed how the pupil reacts to light )
Rita: This is what happens when you go to a dark place like a cinema you're iris opens you're pupil right up to let in as much light as possible so that you can see but if you go to a bright place like the beach you're iris closes you're pupil right down to let in less light because you don't need all that light to see.
Hugo: So now you know how you're eye works be sure to tell you're friends since you just a proper education from us do you get the reference Rita?
Rita: No I don't.
Hugo: I was referencing the song by Eric Prydz vs Pink Floyd.
FIRST AID TRAINING
Rita: Here we are at the park a place where anyone can have fun but it can also be a place of danger.
DANGER
Rita: You can fall of swings or you can fall off the monkey bars or you can roll around in mud and get yourself dirty and make you're mom very cross which is why me and Hugo have decided to play a game of frisbee together.
Hugo: Hey Rita catch.
( Hugo threw the frisbee at Rita but it bumped into her head causing her to get a bump )
Rita: Ow.
Hugo: Oops sorry.
Rita: I think I've got a bump on my head.
Hugo: Oh dear looks like an injury alert.
INJURY ALERT
WHAT SHOULD YOU DO IF YOU GET A BUMP ON YOU'RE HEAD?
A: GO ON THE SWINGS AND ROUNDABOUT
B: SING A LULLABY TO KEEP YOURSELF CALM
C: PUT SOMETHING COLD ON THE BUMP TO EASE TO PAIN
Hugo: The correct answer is C.
( Hugo took out a bag of frozen peas the heal Rita's bump on her head )
Hugo: So all you need to do the heal a bump on the head is to put something cold on it like frozen peas for longer than ten minutes how are you feeling now Rita?
Rita: Much better thank you.
( A bird is heard cawing and bird poop landed on all over Rita )
Hugo: Would you like some frozen peas for that?
( Screen transition )
Rita: Did you know the average person burps 15 times a day?
Hugo: Wow that's amazing and so is this.
THAT'S AMAZING
Rita: In this ordinary restaurant this man is about to have his dinner can you guess what so special about him Hugo?
Hugo: Is he able to eat everything of the menu in one go?
Rita: No Hugo in fact this man is hiding an amazing ability ( beat ) Wait for it.
( The man ate some of his dinner and stopped and let out a gigantic burp )
Hugo: Woah excuse you sir.
Rita: This is Paul Hun and he holds the record for the world's loudest burp Paul discovered this talent when he was at school.
Paul: I used to win competitions in the playground beat all the other kids when I broke the world record I was so proud.
Rita: Now we burp all the time that's because we eat and drink we also swallow air and it needs to come out but Paul's burps are something else.
Paul: The way I burp so loudly is that I make sure I don't eat so I can breathe more air in when the times comes I just breathe more air in I let it settle at the bottom of my stomach as I feel it rise I sort of open my throat and just let rip.
Hugo: Paul's champion burps can reach up to 109 decibels just look at this decibel reader that's as loud as a car horn or a motorbike now that's amazing
( Screen transition )
Hugo: ( Light burp ) How was that Rita?
Rita: Hugo you're never gonna break the world record lets get back to see how Mason is getting on.
Hugo: Back in hospital Mason had twisted his ankle when he was playing with his cousin on a trampoline Dr Beaves has x-rayed Mason's foot and has seen a small fracture because of that Mason is going to need to have a plaster cast on for a few weeks but before he can get them he needs to prove he can use them.
Rita: First he needs to get his plaster cast on and needs to walk around with it on his foot for a bit this might take some time.
( Mason began walking around on his crutches while he had his plaster cast on after a while he seemed to have finished )
Hugo: Look's like the moment of truth has arrived.
Rita: It certainly has Hugo Mason needs to show the nurse that he can get about on the crutches without falling over.
( Mason showed the nurse that can walk around on his crutches without falling over )
Rita: He's styling it.
( The nurse accepted that Mason can walk on crutches without falling over )
Rita: Success so armed with his new crutches Mason speeds off ready to impress the girls and what has he learned? Don't ever try and do as high as you can on a trampoline cos that's what happens.
Mason: Bye.
Hugo/Rita: Bye Mason.
HOW YOUR BODY REPAIRS ITSELF
Hugo: How does a bruise repair itself?
Rita: Well in today's example King Pong is going to show how it works.
( King Pong is shown playing chess when a football comes out of nowhere and hits him on the head giving him a bruise )
Hugo: Oh dear King Pong has got a bruise but how does it heal a bruise is when you're little blood vessels break causing the red blood cells to gush out you're red blood cells have nowhere to go so they fill up in between you're normal skin cells.
Hugo: But the area becomes so cramped the oxygen's cut off turning the red blood cells blue.
( The red blood cells turn blue )
Skin cell: You look a bit off colour.
Blood cell: Tell me about it I can hardly breathe.
Hugo: Then you're body breaks down the leaked blood cells.
Rita: You're bruise then turns greeny yellow because the blood cells have been turned into bile and bilirubin the same stuff that makes you're ( clears throat ) Poo brown.
Hugo: Finally it slowly absorbers back into you're body and you're skin goes back to normal.
Rita: Thanks King Pong.
( Screen transition )
Rita: Our last segment of the day is all about allergies now today I'm at an allergy clinic where children are tested to see if they any allergies lets head in.
( Rita entered the allergy clinic )
Rita: Here with me are Sam and Jessica there here to see if there allergic to these things nuts milk and pasta in something we call an allergy test how this works is that Sam and Jessica will be taking small bites of foods I think there allergic to they'll be both be monitored closely by the medical team just in case they start to have an allergic reaction.
Rita: Jessica is trying chocolate with nuts in it she has not eaten nuts for 11 years so how's it going down?
Jessica: I just had my first bite and so far so good.
Rita: Sam has had one bite of pasta with milk in the sauce how is he doing?
Sam: It feels like I'm getting a bit itchy.
Rita: Sam's itchy skin could be the sign of an allergy but nothing major is showing yet time for a second bite anything happening?
Jessica: Second one now and I'm still all right.
Rita: In fact after a few more bites of her dreaded food it's good news for Jessica.
Jessica: I've had six pieces of chocolate with mixed nuts with no reaction they've confirmed to me that I'm not allergic to nuts at all.
Rita: So its thumbs up for Jessica as you grow older its possible to build up a tolerance to some allergies so one down one to go.
Rita: Sam is trying another spoonful and now an even bigger spoonful me and the doctors are building him up to a full meal to see his reaction and it turns out he's started itching a lot and this in definitely an allergic reaction.
Rita: When this happens you're body releases chemicals called histamines and this is what makes you itch the more histamines released not only make Sam itchy but also cause little bumps on his skin called hives these bumps are formed by fluid leaking from blood vessels in skin which means one thing.
Sam: I'm allergic to the milk and pasta.
Nurse: We've heard that Sam's reactions have been really bad in the past he's had difficulties which required a lot of treatment but thankfully on this occasion he's got this rash that alerted us so we're going to now stop this challenge he'd had the medicine and we'll observe him for a little longer and that he's not going to develop anymore symptoms.
Rita: So although the body can adapt and overcome food allergies the allergy challenge confirmed that Sam's body is still sensitive to milk he'll need to avoid anything with milk in it to make sure he does not have a nasty reaction in the future.
( Screen transition )
Hugo: Thanks for reading the first episode of Science with Hugo and Rita we'll be looking for to seeing you again in future episodes.
Rita: Until next time.
Hugo/Rita: Bye.
End of episode