Appendix: Etymology (as translated in the Index and Appendix of The Silmarillion)
Adurant – 'double stream' (adu – 'double'; rant – 'course', in river names)
Ascar – 'rushing, impetuous'
Avari – 'The Unwilling, the Refusers'
Belegaer – 'The Great Sea' (beleg – 'mighty'; gaer – 'sea', said to derive from the stem gaya – 'awe, dread')
Brilthor – 'Glittering Torrent'
Cuiviénen – 'Water of Awakening' (cuivië – 'awakening'; nen – 'water', used of lakes, pools, and lesser rivers)
Eglath – 'The Forsaken People'
Eldamar – 'Elvenhome'
Eldar – 'People of the Stars' (êl, elen – 'star')
Ered Luin – 'The Blue Mountains (ered – 'mountains', plural of orod; luin – 'blue')
Eryn Galen – 'Greenwood'
Falathrim – (falas – 'shore, line of surf')
Hithaeglir – 'Line of Misty Peaks' (hîth – 'mist')
Ilúvatar – 'Father of All' (ilúvë – 'the whole, the all')Laurelin – 'Song of Gold' (laurë – 'gold', but of light and colour, not of the metal; lin- 'sing, make a musical sound')
Nandor – 'Those who turn back'
Nan-tathren – 'Willow-vale', 'the Land of Willows' (nan(d) – 'valley'; tathar – 'willow')
Noldor – 'the Wise', but in the sense of possessing knowledge, not sagacity or sound judgement
Oromë – 'Horn-blowing', 'Sound of Horns' (rom- a stem used of the sound of trumpets and horns)
Ossiriand – 'Land of Seven Rivers' (sîr – 'river', from root sir- 'flow')
Pelóri – 'The fencing or defensive heights' (pel- 'go round, encircle)
Sirion – 'The Great River' (sîr – 'river', from root sir- 'flow')
Teleri – 'The lastcomers, the Hindmost' (tel- 'finish, end, be last')
Thalos – (thalion – 'strong, dauntless')
Thargelion – 'the land beyond Gelion' (thar- 'athwart, across')
Tol Eressëa – 'The Lonely Isle' (tol – 'isle', rising with sheer sides from the sea or from a river; er – 'one, alone')
Ulmo – 'The Pourer', 'The Rainer'
Valar – 'Those with Power', 'The Powers' (val- 'power')(singular Vala)
Vanyar – 'the Fair' (singular Vanya)
Varda – 'The Exalted', 'The Lofty'