And the Story of Each One

by Fomalhaut16

Summary of the history of the countries. Because history is the story of their lives. One chapter per country. Historical Hetalia.

5. England

Disclaimer: Neither Hetalia nor its characters belong to me. They are property of their author.

This is a 99% historical fanfic.

I wanted to say that, if I don't put ALL the historical details is because, as you have seen, the chapters are too long... So, you know, besides, as I said, this is basically a summary.

Today I bring you England!

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Clarifications:

I put England more like the son of the Roman Empire, not because they share cultural or ethnic connections, but because the origin of London is Roman, and that what would be England had a Romanized base, just for that. Not because they have other types of cultural or ethnic connections. To clarify it even more, don't see him as his son but rather as a cause and a consequence.

- England would come to represent that, England, NOT Great Britain (since Great Britain also contains Scotland and Wales), and much less the United Kingdom (for the same reason), only England and perhaps the British Empire.

-The Germanic tribes are sons of Germania.

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- New characters:

-Britannia: personification of the Britons and Breton Celtic peoples, then a Roman province. She is the mother of England and his brothers.

-Anglo: personification of the Angles, an ancient Germanic people.

-Saxon: personification of the Saxons, an ancient Germanic people.

-Norman or Normandy: personification of the Normans (men of the north, Vikings), and then the Duchy of Normandy.

-As I said in the Italy chapter, when I mention the Vatican, he is the personification of the Christian Institution and not the Vatican City itself.

-I was going to put a female character that personified the Falkland Islands, but I did not have the time, I guess I'll do it later.

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Obviously England has an English accent, but more specifically I imagine him since the early nineteenth century with a strong and unpleasant Posh accent as well as, at the same time, a cockney accent that embarrasses him.

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Most of people put and see England as a noble. Because of english history, I see England more as a bourgeois.

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As I said, this is basically a summary. If one wants to internalize more about certain topics, I recommend that each one study on their own.

Now yes, enjoy it!

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England

-The beginning:

England, or what would be known as England, was born from the rapture (romanization-latinization) of the Roman Empire to his mother, who became to form a Roman province called Britannia. England was born in the year 43 AD when his mother passed completely to the control of the Roman Empire.

When he had hardly existed, he didn't really represent anything yet, beyond the Roman city of Londinium, which would be known as London.

In his first and most remote days he was very curious with what was around him and very attached to his mother, although she was severe and although sometimes she seemed to love him, sometimes not. His mother always looked askance at her son but deep down she loved him deeply. Once he saw her mourn in silence for him, for what would bring life and the future to the child.

With them lived Wales, the little brother of England. His mother always told him about the existence of his other two brothers, Scotland and Ireland, who weren't with them since they were free from the Roman rule. England always hoped to meet his brothers and he would definitely do so. Although he didn't get to know the Roman Empire closely, because his mother had hidden him from him, he had some influence from him and without ever knowing him too much, Roman legacies remained in him.

When the Roman Empire fell, his mother, as part of him, also fell dead. Before dying, she dedicated her last words to the child, and told him to be strong; to never break for life and that a part of her would always be in him. He called her desperate and hugged her dead body until he knew she would not get up.

England struggled to overcome her death, being his first loss, but the memory of his mother would always be with him, although it would be distorted.

Now, without the Roman presence, nor his mother, he was alone with his brothers. England walked to the north where he found a long wall (Hadrian's Wall), and behind him, another older child appeared, who stared at him, and then he smiled: it was there when he met his brother Scotland and his brother Ireland, who would be the one to take care of them.

Now they were alone, but together.

Sub-Roman Britain; the Dark Ages:

When the Roman Empire had fallen, and they began to represent the Bretons, Britons other Celtic peoples of the islands, there was an uncertain and unknown period in their history, where the four brothers isolated themselves from what was happening outside.

The concept "Dark Ages" refers to the Early Middle Ages, which covers the year 476 to the year 1000. For England, this period would end when the Anglo-Saxon invasions began.

In those remote times, he and his brothers used to play together without problems. They used to walk a lot through the woods in the company of fairies and goblins, who used to console him when he was lonely.

The English language didn't yet exist, he spoke Celtic languages inherited from his mother, and personally he spoke a Latinized Briton. Being alone and governing them, the Celtic culture flourished for the last time.

In those times, he wasn't only on the island of Britain, but in the continental Britain (now in France), where he used to walk through the woods with only his favorite companion, a fairy who, without his knowledge, had known to the Roman Empire and had arrived there with him (the fantastic legends of English folklore says that the fairies arrived with the Romans), and this one would take care of him until her death.

One day, walking through the forests of continental Britain, he met a beautiful girl slightly older than him, and timidly prepared to give her some wild flowers that he had collected. However, when he wanted to deliver them, he only received ridicule and laughter from this one. He didn't understand why this answer. To his big surprise, this entity rebelled mockingly that was not a girl, but a boy. Such was his shame in confusing him with a girl, and such was the humiliation he felt under the teasing of the little boy, that from that day became cautious and armored in a matter of appearance, never fully trusting, and hiding his intentions and feelings for protection. The annoyance that this caused him made him detest the boy a bit, who left there making fun of him. That was the first encounter he had with what would be France, and he knew that they would meet again.

Little is known of him and his brothers during these remote periods, so we will never know with certainty what they did in those days.

During these times it is assumed that the legend of King Arthur and the Knights of the Round Table was born.

It is supposed that, at that time England (although he didn't bear that name yet), lived peacefully with his brothers, until the day would come when everything would change. He would change.

-Anglo and Saxon Invasions; Anglo-Saxon England (500-1066):

In the sixth century, the quiet life of little England would change forever, and it would change everything. His language, his old culture, his thoughts, everything.

One day, being in his home, walking through the meadows, he heard shouts in the distance. Horses and metallic noises. When he turned around, he opened his green eyes wide. He was being invaded.

He tried to escape, but one of the conquistadors brutally grabbed his hair and dragged him across the floor while he cried out in pain and terror.

His older brothers wanted to help him, but being him hostage, impotent, they could only lament and observe everything from afar. His captors were Angles and Saxon, Germanic peoples who now claimed him as their own.

At first he was wild and rebellious and tried to escape, but his captors punished him by hitting him until the air was missing.

Definitely, his life of solitude in the woods with his brothers ended when they were invaded by the Germanics, Angles and Saxon, who took him brutally. That is a key point in his life. One of his first points that would explain a lot about him.

In a way, he felt lonely and abandoned. His brothers could not help him and the Celtic peoples he represented were displaced and fled with his brother Wales.

Slowly, he was undergoing a transformation and, knowing that his situation was irreversible, he stop resisting his captors. Angles and Saxon were gross and erratic, sometimes they treated him well, and sometimes they were really cruel. But over time, slowly, the little boy came to love them. At first he detested them for what they did to him, for breaking into his life to separate him from his brothers, for doing everything that entails an invasion. But over time he forgot about that, and set out, intelligently, to learn from them.

Although he always had some distrust and care.

Angles and Saxon kept him to have him and reclaim his lands. In the years under their control, the little one learned from them, whether he wanted to or not. Angles and Saxon agreed to teach the child what they knew. With time, he began to change. Angles and Saxon forbade him to speak his language anymore. He wept for this but vowed to speak it in secret so he would never forget it. The cruel reality is that he didn't. He forgot his mother tongue and began to speak the Angles-Saxon Germanic language. His brothers saw with annoyance what was happening, a clear example of acculturation. Finally, the boy succumbed. Angles and Saxon, whether he liked them or not, they became two parents figures for him, despite not being his real parents, they fulfilled those roles for him. Even so, the little one didn't like all of them. In his first days as a captive, horrified, he saw before his eyes how close these two Germanics could be. But with time, he also got used to it. His then strange friend France incited him pervertedly to observe them in secret, and the naive child did it, until he wasn't longer naive.

Angles was like a mentor and a father to him. He even admired him despite the grudge against him. As for Saxon, one day he took the child and told him that everyone already called him in a way, England. Hugging him, Saxon told him. Land of Angles. Because Angles definitely had a great command over him. England (from Land of angles), was his name from that moment. And so they would remember him and know him forever: England.

Angles and Saxon could be good to him, but as long as he didn't get too rebellious with them, he knew the consciences.

In his territories, seven Anglo-Saxon kingdoms were created: these were Wessex, East Anglia, Mercia, Northumbria, Sussex and Essex, apart from other kingdoms on islands and kingdoms of his brothers exempt from them three, (Angles, Saxon, and him). All these kingdoms were Angles-Saxon, and soon, the little one began to worry. He began to think that, if they went on to culturalized and represent the majority there, while the Brits Celtic peoples passed on to his brother, he would be nothing, an empty idea. He would die.

Luckily for him, from time to time he could see his brothers again, but their relationship was never the same. When his older brother Ireland had been evangelized, added to the fact that he had already known Christianity before, finally he was cleverly prepared to convert too. The little boy knew well that the power of that religious institution would become powerful and he knew that, for his safety, it was convenient for him to convert. Although neither Angles nor Saxon saw it in that way. They didn't want to convert. The Vatican sent missionaries to try to evangelize the Angles-Saxons, but little England refused to help them. Deep down, he didn't like too much that nobody told him what to do if they were not his protectors. Although he knew he should do something or in the future he would have serious problems with Angles and Saxon.

He and his brother Ireland conspired so that, slowly, the Angles-Saxons would be interested in converting. For that reason in the first rituals the Christian and pagan symbols of the Angles-Saxons were mixed so that they would get closer.

Soon, the little boy started having one of the first problems with his brother Ireland: Ireland professed rites of his own in Christendom, mixed with his own intact culture, while his little brother England did the Roman rites as they were said to be. This conflict caused that both, and the clerics and monks made a conference in the Abbey of Whitby, where finally, England declared that the rites of the Roman way would be done. His brother Ireland opposed, because he didn't want his younger brother, despite having been Christianized, to forget his culture, the culture that he was, and to end up completely Romanized, but his little brother had other plans. He understood the power game and knew that in order to not have future problems he would accept the power of the Vatican and the Pope. His brother was offended, returned to his home, and continued to practice Christian rites in the Irish way.

As for Angles and Saxon, with time the child saw them calmer and even more "sweets". It was obvious that the Angles and the Saxons separately no longer existed and that they were now a single people. England feared that they would unite into one, and that Angles-Saxon would become the personification and he would no longer be meaningful. But Saxon, who noticed his fear, admitted that they planned to join him, disappear, so that he was the Anglo-Saxon people. This not only surprised England, it pleased him.

The Angles-Saxon kingdoms ended when there was a violent process of unification, for England's enthusiasm. With the strong Viking presence in the north, he began to know that if the Anglo-Saxon kingdoms didn't join, they would end up under the control of the young Denmark and Norway.

Athelstan, his Anglo-Saxon prince knew this. Soon, he and his brothers began to conquer kingdoms and annex them. It was there when for the first time England, wishing to be a unified Kingdom, had a very aggressive attitude with his brother Wales, although he didn't manage to take him, the desire to possess his brothers under his power was born in him.

The wars and the conquests made his young face stained with blood, and for the first time, murdered his own people. He justified it as there was no other way. Maybe there was, but so much time with Angles and Saxon made the child see the world through force, through conquest.

Finally, Athelstan succeeded, in the year 927, was unified (by force) England, being Athelstan his first king. The young boy's heart beat hard, and he looked at the world as if everything had been conquered. Suddenly, he was arrogant. Angles and Saxon joined, and finally, they became part of him forever. Their blood ran through his blood. He could be the son of Britannia, who was Celtic, and of the Roman Empire, who was Latin, but he was Anglo-Saxon. He had forgotten his mother's language, and now he spoke the Anglo-Saxon Germanic language, what would become English, his own language.

Yes, Angles and Saxon had disappeared to give everything to him. Suddenly, he wasn't that young anymore. Being a kingdom for the first time was happy for him, he would never have imagined himself that way, and thought that nothing bad could happen to him now. He would be safe now. But the world would hit him harder now.

Being now his own boss, something he liked, he began to see his brothers as more to conquering, and soon, a gap widened between them.

England believed that nothing could ever hit him again, but he was very wrong. Finally he would learn it.

-Norman invasions:

During the tenth century, the young boy was invaded by the Vikings, and it was there that he personally met Norway and Denmark, although not for good reasons. Although he tried to make them resistance the Vikings were more violent and more than once the young England, fighting with Norway or Denmark, was close to lose his life. So violent and bloody were the invasions of the Vikings that England was terrified of them. But all this would be nothing compared to what became.

One who also shared his suffering was young France. At that time they still didn't detest each other, there was simply a childish rivalry in which they always ended up arguing for any nonsense, but deep down, England felt connected to him because they both suffered the same. The invasions were horrible for England; he suffered it like nobody else,. But ironic and cruel would be destiny.

When he learned that France had made an agreement with the Normans (Vikings), England also tried to make treaties with them, treaties of any kind, but things didn't go well for him.

Soon, his life would change forever. In 1066, he was invaded by the Normans of Normandy, and England was invaded again but in a much worse way and with much more force. Norman took him bloody, and put his foot on his head. England cried of despair. It was at that moment when he conceived the idea that in life, one can only be strong and free by conquering and subduing others. With his red eyes full of tears, with the foot of the conqueror on his head, a spark shone in his tearful eyes. To dominate, to invade, to conquer, that was the secret to be free, to suffer less, he said, and there arose one of his most characteristic facets.

He had no consolation for it, for living the same thing twice. Not even his beloved fairy could comfort his hurt soul. But this time, it would be much worse.

The Anglo-Saxons resisted the Normans, and this one proposed a dinner to clarify some things. England, trying to defend his integrity, attended the dinner, but his destiny that night would be red. When he least expected it, the Normans massacred his anglo-Saxon lords, and when he wanted to react to the bloody situation, he was already in their hands.

They took him by the hands, legs and hair, and took him away, in the presence of Normandy, while he shouted and shouted.

They dragged him in front of Normandy, who insulted him, and although he resisted his mistreatment, when he saw France next to him, his soul fell to the floor. Now he was under the power of France, under the one whom at times he had considered his friend. A black feeling was born in his heart. France didn't seem pleased with what Normandy was doing, but he could not say anything either.

He had been conquered, deceived and humiliated.

And everything kept getting worse for him, who lay sobbing on the floor, his clothes dirty, bloodied and broken, while all eyes were on him, mocking. But the worst thing Normandy could do was tell France to steal that what was only of England. Even France opened his eyes sadly. Definitely England knew what it was to really suffer. So France had to do it. England felt dirty and cried of rage, making young France feel uncomfortable. But the worst thing was that, feeling France's skin on him didn't displease him, which was what he most hated. After France owned him, as a consequence the language of England had a change, English being born for the first time as it is known. Before having Latin influence of French, he spoke Old English, but after France, English was born as he would speak it forever.

Norman began to treat him well after William the Conqueror became King of England by defeating the Anglo-Saxon King Harold. England reluctantly accepted the Normans, although he would always prefer his Anglo-Saxon blood. Normandy declared himself uncle of England, as he did with France, and he became a cultural bridge between him and the French, although these couldn't see each other because of resentiment. England detested France more and more, and more when he realized how narrow the channel that divided them was. Soon, the tensions between them became more and more lethal.

His now uncle Normandy was as much with him as with France, but soon he became more united with him. This "bridge" between the two wouldn't be good in the future. Soon, the mind of England only occupied two things: power, and France.

-The Anarchy:

This was the period that occurred in young England, between 1135 and 1154, when the conflict took over the young nation, shortly after the Normans had conquered

It was not a period of anarchy really, but it's called that because of the conflict and lack of "authority" in it.

When King Henry I's only son died, he named his daughter Matilde the successor to the throne, and made all the nobles swear to accept her. But his nephew, Stephen and all the aristocracy not only didn't want to accept a woman on the throne (for the first time), but Matilde's husband was a French nobleman.

Therefore, when King Henry died, Stephen rode to London, and with the support of the church and the nobles, he proclaimed himself king.

However, his first acts as such didn't please the elites, who, shortly, began to support Matilde, who was supported mainly by her half brother the Count of Gloucester, who put together an army and confronted Stephen open bonnet. Stephen's support had been almost withdrawn and he fell prisoner in 1141, where Matilde became the first woman ruler of England.

This didn't bother him, he was smarter than many and he knew that it didn't matter if the king was a woman or a man, anything that would benefit him would accept by him.

However, Matilde wasn't tolerated and was forced to move from London to Oxford. When his half brother was kidnapped by Stephen's wife, she had no choice but to exchange them, and soon Stephen returned to power as king, leaving her besieged. However, England supported her, and one night, while it was snowing, he helped her escape. Her escape became a legend.

The conflict continued under the reign of Stephen, since he had no character to be king, so the nobles became really powerful and fought among them. This made England see that, the king is a king while benefiting the really powerful.

The son of Matilde, who would be known as Henry II of England, was a good strategist and set out to conquer England under King Stephen, who, tired of the conflicts, decided to sign a treaty with him. All the conflicts dried up with the death of Stephen, rising to the throne Henry, finished with the conflicts between nobles after two decades.

What England learned from all this, was that power was not necessarily in the king, and he shouldn't fear them. He would do whatever he wanted for his interests and if there was conflict that didn't matter.

-The Crusades:

By the time Europeans planned to sabotage the Muslim world, which was becoming increasingly powerful, under the excuse of "recovering" Jerusalem, England was not invited to join. In those times he was still not as important as France or the Germanic Holy Roman Empire, but he definitely planned to be. England had waited patiently for his moment and finally, in the eleventh century, he joined the Third Crusade with his King Richard the Lionheart. Richard was like a dream to him. He had good and dear kings but Richard was his favorite. By such admiration, England felt arrogant and ready to prevail in the Crusades. For his benign admiration for his king, he was annoyed by rumors that his king was homosexual. Richard was fierce, an excellent fighter and warrior, of strong character, and yes, something adverse to women. That was the only defect that England and his queen, Eleanor of Aquitaine (mother of Richard), tried to hide.

When he join the crusades with his king and arrived in Jerusalem, for England it was like entering a nucleus of socialization. There he met many other important kingdoms, the Holy Roman Empire, with whom he liked a little, Hungary, Portugal, Spain, and France, who didn't welcome him by joining. Despite having to fight side by side they continued to detest and in fact when he entered the Third Crusade, France withdrew to avoid having to be near him.

Besides, and yet, England hated him more and more for conflicting feelings, since he knew that his beloved king and the King of France liked each other more than usual.

England arrogantly believed that he would win, it was also his first large-scale war and he wanted to prove himself, but big was his disappointment when the Muslims won equally. As for the Muslims, England was filled with dread towards them.

The hot atmosphere of the East had overwhelmed the English, and when news reached him that things were not going well in his home, he watered his king back, but he refused and continue fighting. Somewhat sorry, England returned to his home without his king, and he was there when he began to become disenchanted about him.

When he returned home, he was in a poor condition. When asked to please return the king, and when he was ready to return, England was relieved but his relief would not last long. On the way back, King Richard was kidnapped by the Archduke of Austria, with an accomplice to France. England became enraged and greatly distressed, and prepared to rescue him. Finally he met Austria. When he saw him for the first time, he felt really diminished. Austria was truly beautiful, influential, and aristocratic as to afford the luxury of being vain and pretentious, he, on the other hand, had none of his attributes. When he demanded his king, young Austria mocked. Was ist los mit dir, kleine Hure? * Austria said to him with malice. England felt humiliated but he tried to not be seized by his insults. Finally, Austria told him that if he wanted his king returned he had to pay a large sum. His heart fell down, but he still did it with the hope that Richard would take his responsibility as king. He never forgot Austria but who really blamed for everything was to France, since he had been an accomplice, he could even hear his laughter from afar.

Unfortunately, Richard didn't intend to help him and once he arrived to England he left for the Crusades, never to return.

England wept with impotence. He had spent a lot of money on the crossed military campaigns plus the ransom payment; he had left him very sick, in a terrible economic crisis, one of his worst in his history. At the end, all England's charm for Richard the Lionheart vanished leaving him so sick, and being such a disastrous king, and when he died, Arthur didn't mourn his death, he was indifferent.

Richard's younger brother, John Lackland, usurped the throne when his brother was in the Near East, and almost all the nobles had a great aversion for him. John was a bad fighter and didn't possess the charisma of Richard, but England admitted that he was likewise a very better king than Richard had ever been.

It was during these times of Richard the Lionheart, the Crusades and John Lackland that the adventures and stories of Robin Hood became popular in England.

-The Battle of Bouvines, the Magna Carta and the War of the Barons:

When Richard died of his wounds in France, and John Lackland was on the throne, the situation in England was grim. In a terrible crisis by the capricious military campaigns and the rescue of Richard, England was sick and made a bundle of nerves. Taking advantage of his stuation, France took away forever Normandy (who had already disappeared to join France), Aquitaine and took away other possessions making England was reduced only to the island, which made his rivalry with France sealed forever.

The king, seeking to recover those lands, began to collect taxes from baron's money, for a major military campaign against France, and England also allied with the Germanic Holy Roman Empire. Finally, there was the decisive Battle of Bouvines, in 1214, which marked the course of France, of England and of the Holy Roman Empire. England lost the battle resoundingly. He could be an expert in the bow, better than anyone, but his army could not match that of France and the French was a much better swordsman. With anger he looked at France, and his hatred for him grew even more at that moment. With this, his situation worsened enough so that psychologically he was somewhat unstable.

But the thing didn't stay there, this, in addition to strengthen the French king's authority over Europe was a blow to the stability of England, since the king had collected large amounts of money from English notables to support the campaign. Therefore, shortly after John's return from France, the barons of the north and east of England rebelled, demanding from the crown the fulfillment of a document signed by Henry I, the so-called Charter of Freedoms, which they considered more protective of them. From the beginning of the conflict, England withdrew without taking sides to see how it developed and what suited him.

John Lackland, with the intention of ending this conflict, participated in a series of conversations aimed at reaching an agreement, at the same time that he appealed to the pope (Innocent III) to support him. Since at the same time he was also recruiting mercenary troops in France, everything indicated that the king foresaw an armed conflict, which didn't help him in his negotiations. Despite having the initial support of the papacy, the rebels took up arms, occupying, among other cities, London.

At this critical moment, the monarch proposed the creation of a commission, presided over by the pope, to reach an agreement, but since the proposal didn't please the rebel ranks, John entrusted to Stephen Langton, archbishop of Canterbury, the organization of the negotiations. On June 10, 1215 the two sides met in presenting to the king the so-called Articles of the Barons, which were nothing more than a draft that collected their requests. Langton was in charge of shaping the final document from the point of view of a peace agreement. This document was called Magna Carta and was approved by both parties on June 15, and England was present, very curious and tried what there was.

Shortly after the barons restored their oaths of loyalty to the king and ordered several copies of the Charter (of which only four survive) to be distributed throughout the kingdom.

Despite the effort invested, this agreement was breached from the beginning. And although the Magna Carta didn't allow the King to use external persons or institutions to revoke the content of the same, he again asked Inocencio III for help, obtaining it in the form of absolute cancellation of the document.

In addition, the pope promised to excommunicate the king if he fulfilled the document and the barons if they tried to fulfill it. Before such a restrictive prohibition, the war was immediate, and only four months after it was created, the Magna Carta had ceased to have meaning. The War of the Barons had begun, in which the rebels sought a substitute for the throne of England in the son of the King of France. However, the conflict stalled shortly after it began, since John Lackland died in 1216 and his son Henry III acceded to the throne with only nine years.

In 1216, still in minority of Henry III, a revised version of the Magna Carta was published in its name, with the aim (again) of attracting the barons and ending the conflict. Another version would see the light in 1217 and in 1225, coinciding with the coming of age of the monarch; a much more revised version was promulgated, which had greater validity. In fact, it became part of the kingdom's statutes in 1297.

This last version of the Magna Carta has the greatest historical influence, although the oldest one is always named as the source. It was promulgated in exchange for obtaining a tax from the whole kingdom, which led to the first session of the parliament in 1265 (to approve this tax). It can be said that the Magna Carta emerged as an attempt to regulate the arbitrariness of the king's power, which could request extraordinary taxes at any time. The notables of the kingdom lived, during the Plantagenet dynasty in particular, an enormous increase of these taxes, mainly destined to the financing of military campaigns, impoverishing the economy and generating an obvious discontent. Among all that, England, who was astute and intelligent, was beginning to glimpse his future.

The Magna Carta is taken as the basis of the parliament and Anglo-Saxon legal system, (which would therefore have its influence on the future American son of England), as an example of democratic freedom among other things, but all this is more than false.

As we have seen, the Magna Carta is neither democratic nor advocates human rights nor individual liberties. It is a product of its time and therefore only affected the privileged layers of society in the resolution of a concrete conflict. However, it also has a positive reading, since it was the first time that an attempt was made to limit the real power and, what is more important, to subject the king to the law, even if these were the customs of the kingdom or the clauses included in the law. The Charter itself.

The current English law contains, in a modified manner, the three fundamental principles of the Magna Carta explained above. Therefore, and in a somewhat indirect way, it is valid as a legal document, although this in itself does not mean that it was essential in the establishment of "democracy" or in the guarantee of the fundamental rights of human beings. However, it is thus seen by a large part of British society, partly because of the disinformation of the population with respect to the origin and true meaning of the Charter, and also partly because of the political use of its content and symbolism.

England knows this, but if anything is England it is that he is extremely intelligent, clever, and manipulative. In his hard childhood and youth, only in this way he could defend himself from his hostile environment, and soon, his personality was defined.

What England was most interested in was his own benefit and power, his life would be summed up in the unending search for power, and in addition, to think of France and a thousand ways to finish him.

-The Creation of the English Parliament:

When the war of the barons happened and all the scandal of the Magna Carta, the nobles and the clergy, still wanted somehow to "regulate" the power of the king, so they sought to form it, as for example, a Council Private where nobles and the church would participate to arbitrate the king in his mandate, but King Henry III, son of John Lackland, always ignored this and wanted to avoid this, but in 1258 Simon de Montfort forced him to create a Parliament (whose members belonged to the Council), and even had to accept the collaboration of the representatives of the cities. And that's how the famous English parliament was born. At that time, the Parliament was divided into two chambers, Lords and Commons (of communes). And this did no more than England smile to himself. Increasingly, the idea of what his future was strengthened. He was beginning to advance with respect to other kingdoms and that pleased him greatly. He wanted to be powerful, and he would be.

Even so, after all these conflicts, England was exhausted and reduced, since his body no longer had continental extension when France took away his lands. For that reason and as what he understood of life was to dominate and exercise power, soon, his desire to subjugate his brothers became more than visible.

-Statute of Rhuddlan and the Scottish Wars of Independence:

When he knew what he would do, what he would do to his brothers, he knew that he must start with the weakest of all, Wales.

He, along with his king, Edward I, son of Henry III, began his conquest of Wales in the late thirteenth century. But his younger brother Wales, and his king, Llywelyn ap Gruffydd, resisted the English dominance. Cruel battles were fought and more the he realized that Wales was so different from him, and that he retained his mother's culture, more he detested him and more he wished him under his control.

When England went to give Wales an ultimatum, this one, believing himself to be more intelligent than his brother, told him that he would only accept him if he fulfilled three requirements: he would only accept an innocent king, born in Wales, and not English. Obviously the Welsh laughed at the English because obviously the task was impossible, but England was more cunning than they thought. He sent the king's pregnant wife to have his son in Wales, and when he was born, England gave it to him and said: "Here you have an innocent king, born in Wales and therefore not English. I believe that now you correspond to me, little brother. "

Wales paled, and he look down on his brother. He wouldn't let him make fun of him and Wales, although he began to decline because he began to realize his fate, fought until his beloved king had died in battle in 1282. Wales fought to the end for his integrity, and when his English brother took him by force, he told him that his mother would be disappointed, that he had changed because of the invasions and now he saw the world as his captors, instead of rebelling against them. England listened to his words and didn't like anything. The mere mention of his mother made him angry and he counterattacked to Wales saying that in the world, the only way to survive was subjugating others, that was what he had learned and Wales, saddened, saw that his brother had a big trauma because the invasions. But the momentary pain he felt for him quickly vanished when his brother treated him abruptly and locked him under his control. Finally, Wales was incorporated under the Kingdom of England, to his big regret, and big satisfaction of England.

The Statute of Rhuddlan was created on March 3, 1284 after the conquest of Wales by the then King of England Edward I.

This introduced the English common law system, and allowed the king to appoint royal officials as bailiffs, examining magistrates and administrators to collect taxes and administration.

Some Welsh customs were allowed, but even so, Wales was oppressed by his brother who violently forbade him to speak his language, as Angles and Saxon had done before him, but unlike him, who had sworn to keep his mother's language and had failed in his promise, Wales really did and never forgot his tongue, clinging to it while more England forbade it. Because if he forgot his language, it was like forgetting who he was, completely succumbing, and Wales never did.

Despite being now under the government of England, he and Wales are distinct nations, and to this day, Wales desires his stewardship get out of his dominant brother. Finally, Wales, the youngest of the four brothers was the first to fall. And the others would follow.

When he defeated and captured Wales, he soon looked hungrily to the north, towards his brother Scotland, but this one would not be so easy.

When England subjugated Wales, Ireland and Scotland were enraged, and somehow they knew, because they knew how England thought about being with invaders for so long, that the same thing would happen to them if they didn't rise up against him.

Finally, England along with his armies, marched towards Scotland. But he knew he would come, and he was ready. When they came face to face, Scotland told him to come back because he would not be gentle with him as he had once been when they used to be good brothers. But England, who felt a special aversion to Scotland, would not hesitate to try to control him. When they were children, Scotland and England were the most united, although England had always known that his brother was stronger than him and competed often. But now it was serious. Being so long under brutal invasions, foreign conquests, rapes, and under the authority of others, the perspective of life and England's past became distorted and obscure. Suddenly, his memory of his brother was that of a brother who had always bothered him, of one who always mocked him; and his vision of life was that, if you were not strong, you were weak, and if you were weak, the life that would strike in a thousand ways. What England wanted was power, and he would do anything to get it.

When his brother Scotland asked him to remember his mother and what she would think, England erupted in anger saying that her mother had never loved him. It was at that time that Scotland learned that his brother was so unbalanced due to his traumatic experiences. And for a moment, he wished he could have helped him. But even so, he would never kneel before his cruel younger brother, who planned to take him on the pretext that he wanted all his brothers to be with him, making him look a little deranged.

The First War of Scottish Independence was during 1296 to 1306. The English tried to impose on the Scots by means of harsh forms to dominate them, as a decree that English men could have any newly Scottish woman married. This made Scotland abhor him enormously.

Finally England invaded Scotland in 1296, and it was a successful conquest. But if his Scottish brother was characterized by something, it was that he was brave and preferred to die before losing his freedom. Along with his guardians and generals, William Wallace and Andrew of Moray, Scotland undertook a military campaign against the English, and it was there when young England knew that with his brother Scotland would not be easy.

England knew well that he was not ready to face his older brother, whose fierceness impressed him, and so he withdrew momentarily.

Scotland was wild and brave as England was no longer; he had lost all that when he became an invaded long ago. And all this bothered the young Englishman; he had not wanted things to be like that. But he did it in that way.

When he learned that France supported Scotland, England could not but hate the two more and more. His resentments towards France were widening and definitely, if anything England wanted more than to fight and mistreat his brothers, were to fight with France. The mere idea made him blush with euphoria.

Finally, realizing that he could not defeat his brother this time, reluctantly, and to the satisfaction of the Scot, they had diplomatic agreements where even Ireland was present for England to fulfill them. Even so, the Englishman wouldn't surrender and would attack his brother again in the future.

The Second Scottish War of Independence took place between 1332 and 1357. This time, it was even more turbulent than the first, because France himself came fully into it to help Scotland (to counter England) who had been invaded again by his brother.

When this happened, England seemed a rabid dog because he hated them both and the truth, seeing France there was not funny at all.

When France proposed to Scotland to directly attack his brother, he did so with enthusiasm, but to his great regret, his King David II was captured by the English and taken prisoner for eleven years. England already knew that he had triumphed. Finally, he approached his brother and proposed that, if he wanted to remain free and that what he did to Wales shouldn't happen to him, he should pay him a large sum of money, in addition to the ransom of his king. England would never have done that before, but he had done it once before. And he was learning to play the bad game.

He wasn't known that his brother would be so stoic, because to his annoyance, he paid everything he asked for and kept his freedom. That bothered England. Not everything had gone as he wanted, but the time would come when his brothers would be tied to him forever. He would do it.

It was during the thirteenth century, that is where the famous Scarborough Fair song arose, which he used to sing while walking through the woods and castles. The voice of England was attractive, soft, and melodious, though it didn't agree with his physique. He was not known for being very handsome, he knew. France used to call him "puny" and "sickly". He had always been aware that France was much more handsome than he was, and he was always jealous of him, that's one of the many reasons why he detested him, one of the oldest reasons. But definitely the one he envied to the bones was Austria. Even France did it. England thought, that even the attractive France seemed an impotent child with respect to Austria.

But soon, England wouldn't have time to think, because France would definitely occupy all his thoughts. His history, his life, would be marked forever from that point.

-War of the Hundred Years (1337-1453):

England and France already had enough reasons to detest each other. When England was invaded by Normandy and came under his power, and indirectly, that of France, England ended up accepting this reluctantly, but always left him with deep resentment. In spite of his Norman kings, he was always considered himself an Anglo-Saxon and, despite being an "independent" kingdom, England was intelligent enough to reach a certain point to realize that, in reality, he was like a colony of Normandy where his kings always favored French interests. When he realized this, and everything he had done to be powerful and suffer in vain, made his blood boil. Added to the terrible power and influence of France, and his defeat in the battle of Bouvines, which meant that he could never recover his territories that he believed were his, made his venomous resentment for France to be noticed even in the air.

In 1202, King Philippe Août of France summoned King John of England to his court in Paris, in connection with the alleged breach by the latter of his duties as feudal lord of Aquitaine.

Based on the principle that the lands of France were owned by their lords only in their capacity as vassals of the King of France, Philippe Août dispossessed John of all his French possessions, which were one of the reasons for the Battle of Bouvines and the fury of England.

Until the signing of the Treaty of Paris of 1259, an acceptable solution couldn't be reached. The King of England was able to resume his rights in Aquitaine, but on the express condition that he did so as a vassal of the French monarch. Obviously, England refused to do this outright, while France smiled with satisfaction. England would never accept France as his lord. Never. The mere idea disgusted him and terrified him terribly.

In 1294 both began a new period of sporadic military activities, interrupted by long and complex diplomatic negotiations, which culminated in the partial dispossession of Aquitaine. The French refused to limit the sovereignty of their king over that region to give satisfaction to the English. These, in turn, upheld the rights of their king to full sovereignty. The next phase of this conflict began in 1337, when Philippe VI of France decreed once again the dispossession of the Dukedom of Edward III of England and organized a military campaign to seize the land by force. This is the date taken as the beginning of the Hundred Years' War, although technically it lasted 116 years. It was not a state of permanent war, although the prolonged and frequent truces were continually sprinkled with skirmishes in the style of partisan warfare.

This conflict between the two was definitely THE conflict, which ended up characterizing their strong rivalry forever. If someone didn't know if both detested each other, after such a period of wars, (which in the end, they ended up losing meaning) they would know.

Such was their conflict, which ended up stressing countries and kingdoms exempt from them.

For England, this was something very personal, and he swore that from the war, he would be glorified over France at last. During the long war also England held the Second War of Scottish independence, so he had to be alert to two flanks allies among them. While looking at France, he felt that Scotland was close to him and was trying to nail him with a sword, but England, quickly, moved and the sword pierced his clothes under his right arm. He smiled, he would not let himself win and soon, he beat Scotland by obtaining a large sum of money for the rescue of King David II.

But his attention was now in France. When he was finally able to face him, England was happy.

He had fantasized about the day of facing him again, and there he was, in front of him. With his fine blue clothes that contrasted with his red clothes. When at last he was and fought with him, he showed improvement in the art of the sword and was effusive, quick, energetic and even happy. Yes, happy. Finally the day had come and fighting against France was a great shock and satisfaction for him. Even his little fairy encouraged him.

Fighting against France was like brusque dancing for him, being close to him, feeling his body against him, thinking that he could kill him, it just made him feel elated. But big was his displeasure when seeing that France didn't share his emotion. France was stoic, serious. He was more mature than he, and in reality, France didn't hate England as much as England did. He didn't have enough hatred to be encouraged for a long war. In the end, he had annoyed, hurt and insulted him, but France didn't hate him fully. It was there when England became disillusioned. But he swore he would make France do it. He would make France mad, and he would win.

In the beginning, he got the victories, making him proud of himself. However, France never gave up. The war began to drag on, and soon both sought and received allies. England allied with Portugal, and in reaction France was allied with Spain, then known as Castile, and with his fiancé Aragon. That was when he personally saw Spain, although he had met him in the Crusades, this was the first time he was in front of him, but even so, Spain only dedicated himself to fight against Portugal. On the other hand, the little Northern Italy also supported France.

England also felt worried that Scotland would rise up against him again.

Even with all this, England always had the lead, he being the victor.

Although the first four battles had easily won, soon began to be at par. Even so, he remained in the lead during the half century that followed. Soon, the war became so long that it became part of their daily lives, and he almost forgot why they fought, as long as they continued fighting.

Nevertheless, in spite of all the long years of state of war, he never managed, even with his constant defeats, to break France. He remained as focused and serious as from the beginning.

In 1348, the Black Death arrived to England. Being at war and suffering such a calamity only made England cry with anger and impotence.

In one of his truces, France went to see him and found him lying under a tree. When he tried to see him, England, embarrassed, crying, didn't want France to see him. Still, France took him from the dolls and looked him in the face. Because of the effects of the Plague, England had a long black spot on the top of his mouth that made him appear to have a dark mustache, which made France laugh. England cried with indignation. France told him that the plague was the fury of god for having been bad people, but England, enraged, told him that god hated them. France refused to think what angry England thought.

When he could cope with the plague, and the truces had been betrayed, the war continued.

It is said that, when France was planning an ambush for the English, he told his boys that when they captured them, they would cost their middle finger, since the English had a reputation for good archers. But England, who was hiding listening to him, it was he the one who ambushed France. And when he won the battle, all his boys and he showed them their middle finger. It was believed that that was the origin of the "fuck you" symbol, although there are also other versions. England loved to do it, he took custom.

However, the war would change course and end up defining it in its last years.

The good position of England as an advantage in the war would change forever in the year 1429, in the so-called Battle of Orleans, led by a certain person.

Joan of Arc, the Lady of Orleans, took France to victory and many more, improving his situation. Not only was she an impulse for France, but she was loved by the people. England was filled with a deep hatred for this girl. Despite feigning indifference to the victories of France, and even mocking him for being defended by a girl, deep down he began to worry.

He, who wasn't stupid, didn't miss the love of France for Juana and this annoyed him bigly, and his desire to get rid of her grew. Soon he knew how to do it. At a certain point he was introduced to France and, haughtily, demanded that he give her to him. France would never do such a thing, but she was betrayed, and Joan was handed over to England, who with big pleasure accused Joan of witchcraft, forced her to say that all she had heard from god were devilish things and condemned her to the stake.

This was semi-personal in reality, since he longed to make France suffer.

When he was going to light the fire, he looked away to France, watching him run, trying to reach and save her. He saw him cry. Thick tears fell from his eyes. And England smiled. Finally, he burned Joan.

France never in all his life forgave him for killing her, ever.

Without Joan of Arc, England thought that he would be back in the lead, but his surprise was great when he saw France continue to win and become stronger. The French had taken Joan of Arc as a martyr, and France took such a strong impulse after her death that England, with all his tricks, couldn't stop.

Despite his attempts France seemed to have drawn strength from within, having taken a deep courage, and intelligence, putting all his efforts to win and end once with that long war. Finally England saw in his eyes what he had wanted to see: now France hated him. He truly hated him as much as he had. When they met for the last time, England knew where the favored force came from and the big purpose in the mind of France. England knew that all this was for Joan of Arc, whom France had sworn to honor by winning the war against England.

Finally, in 1453, England lost the Hundred Years' War. Despite this, he wasn't as tired, nor as hurt as France himself, who had won, fulfilling his promise to the Lady of Orleans. When France won, his boys cheered and finally, France fainted with fatigue before the eyes of England, who saw him in disbelief.

Despite having lost the war of his life against France, England didn't feel humiliated by defeat, because he was aware that despite winning, France was in worse shape than he was.

When the war ended, the destinies of England and France were linked forever.

-War of the Two Roses (1455-1487):

Just two years after the long war with France, England had no time to rest. A civil war of houses broke out in him. The Lancaster House and the York House debated for 32 years the power and access to the throne.

Like every kingdom or country that suffers from internal or civil wars, England suffered from 32 major headaches, conflicting feelings, and strong emotional and psychological dilemmas. Being at war with someone outside is much easier to carry than being at war with oneself.

Of this, the only thing that England could understand is that in this world he must do what is necessary, regardless of the cost, to gain power.

During those bloody times, England walked through the streets bathed in blood while looking at the lifeless faces of the dying nobles. This marked the decline of noble influence in England, and soon, they began to be noticed, a class of which England would be linked for the rest of his existence: the bourgeois.

Although the York's initially won, the Lancaster's finally triumphed, establishing the so-called Tudor Dynasty.

Once this internal war was over, something very important happened: England said goodbye forever to the middle Ages and the Renaissance began in him.

When he went, along with the others, to the demonstration of the art of romanticism by the boy from Northern Italy, England moved uncomfortably in his seat stunned by such beauty. And soon, he himself took a part of this art and took it to his home, from which English romanticism would derive, because the art of the Italian, like everyone else, had left a great impression on them.

-Henry VIII and the Reformation:

In the sixteenth century, under the reign of Henry VIII, one of the most important events would take place. On the one hand, he was able to place his younger brother Wales under his full control, and on the other hand, by his simple whim of his king in wanting to divorce his wife, one of the biggest problems in England was solved. The so-called English Reformation. When his king cut ties with Vatican and the Pope, forming his own Church, England couldn't be more satisfied. In all his history, with the controlling nature of England, he had always wanted to have power over the Church, but he had never been able to and he was always forced to lower his head in this matter. Since childhood he had never accepted authority other than his own, and always, he had always detested the Church, because it is the only one who could control him and was on him. When he learned of his king's intentions, even if they were only caprices, he felt no aberration. He wasn't at all interested in the church and "god" actually, he had never been really religious, he had only used religion for power and to justify certain cruel acts, like everyone else, only that he didn't believe his own lies.

For that reason with the Reformation, where his king was separated from the Catholic Church, England saw his dream come true, tending power over the Church. His own Church, the Anglican Church.

However, certain complicated events happened, such as the beheading of the king's new wife, the death of the third, the death of the only male heir, etc. but what most despaired England was the accession to the throne of Mary I Tudor, eldest daughter of Henry VIII. The context of the moment was unfavorable for England: At the end of the 15th century Spain had become the lord and master of the world, and made all of Europe angered. When England found out, he could only bang his head against the wall again and again. He hated Spain because he was more powerful than he was, because he was the greatest, because he had discovered the "New World" and he had saved it for himself. His only consolation was that he knew that France must also be tearing his hairs out of anger and envy. Worst of all for them, was that Spain had reached to the supreme power by marrying Austria. With Austria! Both England and France had envied and even wished the Austrian, and that it was Spain who took Austria seemed a bad joke. England despite his conquest with respect to the Church still had serious problems.

That's right, Spain was the hegemony of the world at that time. He had monopolized the New World he had discovered, and had a strong alliance with the Habsburg house. This, added to Mary Tudor his new queen, England already mourned of anguish: a Catholic queen. England was more than satisfied with the Anglican Reformation, and for nothing in the world wanted to return to become Catholic and return to lower the head before the Vatican. But his queen initiated persecution and religious non-tolerance, causing him to get upset and worry about his religious future. She was called Bloody Mary. In the end, religion never interested him as much as it was interested for France or Spain, but this time it worried him. Finally he exploded in terror knowing that his queen would marry the king of Spain, which meant three terrible things for England: he would end his reign of Anglicanism and inevitably return to subjugate Rome to in Catholicism; Spain would have right over his crown; and third and worse for him, who believed that everything was lost: if Spain did all this, England would end up dissolving. The mere idea terrified him, and for many nights he moaned and pleaded. But finally he resigned himself to what fate had in store for him. When his commitment to Spain took place, he was eager to take over England, but nothing happened. The king and queen couldn't have heirs, so their union with Spain didn't take much or anything. He had been saved. He felt how his heart was relieved as never before. Even so, things were more than tense in his home and in reality, nothing was really right. England was already beginning to shed tears of helplessness when he realized that his dream of seizing the world and power was getting farther and farther away, and again he would have to face internal problems. Crestfallen, slowly returned to his affairs, waiting again for a bloodbath that would weaken him and would continue in the same vicious cycle as always. But England didn't know that in reality, his destiny would change for eternity from that moment.

-Initiation of English Expansionism:

After Mary I Tudor, ascended to the throne one that England would remember forever. Queen Elizabeth. This one was intelligent, and she look in detail at the current context of both England and the rest of the world. She knew that fighting with Spain, the biggest power, and with the Pope would be a waste of time, so she remained neutral, while securing Anglicanism and the economic situation within England. Ever since she took the throne, England watched her closely without knowing or understanding well that the young queen was planning.

Soon her goal was to be the head of the Church and take Anglicanism beyond England to extend his domains, which led him to have conflicts with Ireland, who was Catholic, despite the fact that Spain helped Ireland in his religious fight with his brother England. Even with all this, England slowly strengthened and improved his health, just as the moment of blossoming in the world began to arrive.

This made him feel quickly comfortable with his new queen. Elizabeth also knew that if she married, she was to condition England to the mercy of the other nations and powers, with France being the only option, but knowing the rivalry of these two, she simply rejected the marriages, and assured that "she was married to England and that the English people were their children. " These statements always made young England blush, which was admired by the queen. The young queen was in love with him, and he admired her and loved her too, but only because Queen Elizabeth was making him strong and preparing him for a very promising future. Even so, she used to looking at him with such intensity that made England really uncomfortable. Once, she took his hands and looked him in the eyes, then put his lips on the young England, who unlike the queen, opened his eyes in surprise.

She loved him, he did it too, he loved her with his eyes, he loved her, because she was the one who, in a short time, made him powerful.

Even so, England wasn't without problems: His brother Scotland could be entitled to his throne, and even be accepted by the Pope, so that England became concerned that his less loved brother to stay with his throne. He could even feel the burlesque smile of Scotland. His relationship with his brothers had never changed. They were intense, misguided, aggressive, and competitive. But unfortunately that was how England had disrupted their relationship with them by always trying to dominate them.

For this reason, the queen managed to eliminate the competition, decapitating her own cousin, and remained the queen, who would turn England into a postulant to Power. Because of this, England admired her more than any other king he had ever had.

These years were called as the "Elizabethan Era".

When England had completely recovered internally, and the color had returned to his cheeks, he smiled at her beloved queen, her "wife", since she said he was her husband. And she, finally, told him he was ready. Suddenly, she showed him strength and carried in him in arms , who looked at her in disbelief. And she threw him through the air with force and said loudly to the four winds: "You, England, will be the most powerful Empire that has ever existed on this world." And he, hearing his words, knew that his moment had arrived. If it was not now, it was never. And his green eyes gleamed, and he smiled.

Once prepared, the queen armed a large navy to England, and finally was ready to compete with Spain. The queen ordered him to rob and steal everything that Spain had on his ships, in order to harm him and benefit them, since he wasn't yet ready to face Spain directly. England obeyed happily, since he knew that in the game of power, someone should always play dirty, and he had no problems doing so.

Thus it was that England knew the life of the sea, the piracy, and his new rival, Spain, who kept a great resentment for robbing and sabotaging him.

England became increasingly strong, falling in love with the sea and piracy. He loved being able to compete and hurt Spain and he loved being able to be a power one day. And despite the fact that there were still strong problems and conflicts, England never became bitter again because it was getting stronger and stronger.

His start of overseas expansion had begun.

It was during these times when he met Shakespeare's works, of which he fell deeply in love, feeling more alive than ever, and the scenic art that seized his hobbies. England was beginning to be noticed.

He always wanted to know Shakespeare personally, but he never could. Some say, and this made him doubt his existence, that he never existed, and it was a collective of authors who signed "Shakespeare". True or false, these writings and tragedies did him mourn helplessly, because they were his reality, and the reality of the world.

This was the age of the English pirates, Sir. Francis Drake, Thomas Cavendish, etc.

-English revolutions, English Civil War, British Republic and the end of the republic:

England started their clever play, succeeding. Soon, he became a problem for Spain, who soon began to seriously bother with him.

He hated Spain, although he did not know who he hated more, if he or France, and he preferred not to know, none of the options pleased him. But in reality, France was the big rival of his life, but Spain had become a real enemy. Soon, without wanting to notice, he and France were with the same enemy, the Spanish empire.

But in spite of all this, England again had to face dangerous conflicts in her home, although this time, being part of his grand plan.

When his beloved Queen Elizabeth had died, he soon found himself in big trouble, but that would only make him stronger.

Between 1649 and 1660, more than a century before the French Revolution, England was a republic whose official name in the language of Shakespeare was the Commonwealth of England. In the immediately previous historical period the reign of Charles I of England had been characterized, in the internal plane, by a recrudescence of the monarchic absolutism (tyranny in terms of the time) that brought about successive confrontations with the Parliament that took to the dissolution of this one by royal order in 1629.

The pulse between the power of the Crown and the Parliament had much to do with foreign policy. The king's pretensions to raise taxes to finance war campaigns to place the country as an emerging power in America and Europe, first with the declaration of war on Spain (the global superpower of the time and the mirror in which England had been for decades looking) and then to France (the eternal enemy of England on the European continent), the public coffers of England were bleeding and counted on a contumacious opposition from Parliament until its dissolution.

The wars against the Scots during the reign of Charles I only aggravated the internal situation of the country, which was doomed (after a civil war between the military forces of the king and Parliament, the latter supported openly by England) a revolution, the call by historians English Revolution. The war and the revolution end with the overthrow of the absolutist monarchical regime and the imprisonment of Charles I at the end of 1648. In the first days of the following year the House of Commons approves judging by high treason and other crimes to the monarch. England could only smile with pleasure. He was getting ahead of the others. He knew it.

On January 30, 1649 Carlos I is executed by his public beheading outside of London. England was already a republic more than a century before the beginning of the Contemporary Age with the Taking of the Bastille in Paris. Oliver Cromwell, military commander of the English revolutionaries, starred much of the brief history of the Commonwealth of England, although his first period was characterized by the representative power of Parliament in the direction of the destinations of the Republic (1649-1653) and the Council of State chosen by him (a situation similar to that of the first French revolutionary period).

The arrival to power of Oliver Cromwell, great mentor to England, in 1653 as Lord Protector until his death in 1658 was a period characterized by Caesarism in front of Parliament and new military campaigns, in this case against the Irish, with whom England began to have more uncomfortable tensions. It is the British Republican period called Protectorate, a situation also similar to the post revolutionary historical experience of Bonapartism in France. The Republic or Protectorate barely survived Cromwell for two years: in 1660 the monarchy was restored in the figure of the son of the executioner Charles I, who will reign as Charles II of England.

England in the background knew that would happen. But his goal was fulfilled. He was definitely much smarter than the others and had somehow foreseen the future. In those times the so-called mercantile capitalism was in force, controlled by the merchants, the bankers, in short, the bourgeoisie. But apparently the nobles were too stupid to not realize that already, the power passed into other hands and that if it was not adapted to that, the bourgeois would get them out of the way. He knew it, and he knew that it was better for him to have a republic or a strong parliament that would advocate merchants before him and useless absolutism. England had learned that the power of kings is power while benefiting the true powerful, and now, he knew that those who would rule the world were not the nobles, but the bourgeoisie. And he agreed. If he went ahead of the others, he would benefit greatly in the future.

He did not care that the monarchy had been restored, they were nothing to him. Actually, the power was elsewhere. England well knew now that if others did not realize this quickly something would explode. Suddenly, he never again felt jealousy or envy of France or Austria, because he realized now the fools that they were. England was one of the first countries in Europe to leave the Old Regime.

-Early Colonialism Era:

By the end of the 16th century and the beginning of the 17th century, England was synonymous with piracy. He had become the king of the seas, expelling Spain, and had become a nuisance to many, which he loved, since he loved to be taken seriously. Although he loved the life of the sea, (which he had never known beyond the English Channel) and had become lord of piracy and the seas, in reality, although he was in love with the idea of continuing this way, he knew that it was the phase of his ladder to power that sooner or later he should leave. Although to his regret, England knew that at a certain point he should stop financing the pirates, but he could never do it. Even so, his heart soon reached another place. In the New World, a place that began to call his attention, Spain was the lord of almost all lands, and even Holland also lurked. When he learned from Finland that in the North of the New World there were some lands without any colonies, a strange desire and curiosity invaded him, but he preferred to continue sailing and hacking ships. It was not until he learned that France, his rival of life, was colonizing the north of the New World that England was quick to enlist in this task so as not to fall behind and compete with France, whose rivalry was still intact. England also extended his desire for domination everywhere, and since colonialism was fashionable, he made it his own. He knew that if he wanted to defeat Spain and France, if he wanted to be the master of the world, he definitely had to be strategic.

He was intelligent, an expert strategist who learned from the many mentors he had, and also an experienced analyst, very meticulous. And seeing the global, economic and political landscape, he knew what he should do from the beginning.

When at the beginning of 1600 his queen Elizabeth authorized him to begin to colonize the New World so as not to be left behind with respect to France, Spain and even Holland, England did it with pleasure, although it was not so easy. He had many altercations until, finally in 1607, in what is now Virginia (United States), he founded his first small English colony. And something would happen that would change everything. It was there when for the first time, without really expecting it, he had a son. When he saw him, for the first time, all the above, the sea, the pirates, Spain, everything lost meaning and vanished in a second of the mind of England, who believed that it would never go away. Everything lost and gained meaning at the same time. He did not lose the complete interest for all that yet, and he launched himself again in struggles against France, Holland and even Spain for power and territory, in the eyes of his little son. Finally, he could scare the Netherlands, tare Spain, and set France apart with much effort.

He was still young and being a father suddenly shocked him enough, even so, he tried to take care of him. To tell the truth, he miss that the little one lived. England had no parents or good figures to know how to raise a colony so small that without his help it would die. But he did the same. Although to tell the truth, he was a very bad father. Not only at the beginning did he neglect him to the point that it was the Native Americans who ended up saving the settlers at first, but that he not only began to indulge him indiscriminately, to treat him like he never treated anyone, but began to instruct him in the war and killings at an early age, making this have an impact on the future way of being and thinking of the child. England made up for him when the child learned from his cruelties, and taught him his philosophy of life: "the end do it justifies the means", that the child took it very seriously. He knew deep down that he was manipulating his little son, but England even saw him as a piece in his power board. Even his own son. For him, his beloved son was a future engine for his empire, economy and monopoly. That way he loved him. Thirteen Colonies, (as the boy was later called) absorbed many things from England, and many ways of thinking about him, but not all was well. England always felt concern and disturbance for his young colony, as he believed that this would be incomplete and would never come to understand the world one hundred percent at birth in a time too advanced and have skipped stages, which England believed were indispensable to understand the world, so that, despite all the love and overprotection that he gave his son, he always saw it as something slightly inferior to him and the other nations. But the day would come when he should see him from his height.

England not only was satisfied with his son, but he greatly desired to have more. Soon, his eyes fell on all parts of the world, and his hands, would be everywhere.

And he understood. If he had colonies, he had its resources and industry for himself, if he had its resources, he had trade and trade routes, and the trade routes are power. The more he had, the more powerful he would be, and thus, England began to obsess about owning a clan of English colonies part of his future empire. But even so, he still did not take revenge in Europe, and had big plans for it; his vision was global, now that the holes in the maps were filling up.

-United Kingdom by force:

Even when his attention and time revolved around his son and to compete colonially and maritimely with France, England had many other plans in mind and important events awaited him. Everything was a great panorama that he began to put together to finally get his biggest dream. Power.

A historical event in the life of him and his brothers would make everything change forever with them: in 1707, after signing the so-called Act of Union, Scotland, and afterwards Ireland joined him and formed the famous United Kingdom (by force since none of his brothers really wanted this).

England had harassed, treated aggressively and mistreated his brothers for unmemorable times. But he, who was clever, knew that this way of dealing with them was no longer convenient in the new epochs. And it was like this when he proposed "kindly" to join him. Scotland was going to refuse, but soon he felt the pistol of England in his chest as warning, as a promise, and, completely indignant and demoralized and surrendered, he had no choice but to yield. But he would always remind England of who he was, and that he would always want his freedom. The same as Ireland.

This guaranteed England more political and strategic power, in addition to taking advantage of the resources of his brothers, and also had always had the fetish of wanting to have their brothers under his full control, no matter what they wanted. And although the United Kingdom was he, Scotland, Ireland, and Wales, England never really took into account these others and self-proclaimed "Britain", "United Kingdom".

But his brothers hated him strongly for this. Scotland hated him as he never had, and that's a lot. Finally, through tears and anger, he told England that it was a disgrace to his mother, and that he was like his father. When England heard this, he opened his eyes and listened attentively to his brother's words. Ireland, who still refused to hate England at all, screamed at Scotland to please not tell him, but he, devastated by the loss of his freedom, told him so. He was the bastard son of the Roman Empire. Perhaps the influence of Angles, Saxon and Norman would have made him change but from the beginning he had a Romanized mentality, said with scorn Scotland. England opened his eyes enormously and felt something in his heart breaking. With teary eyes and full of pain, he looked at Scotland. That was the truth. But he refused, he wasn't like that. He used to love them. He wasn't other Roman. He was a son of Britannia, England told himself again and again. But soon he didn't care. He would be a much larger empire than the Roman Empire, and het would boast about that. In the end, England would have wanted his mother to be proud of him. But his mother was more than dead to him.

England began to be noticed, and soon he realized that if he kept growing that way, he would soon be the next superpower in the world. The mere idea intoxicated him. But he still had issues, which were synonymous with continuing to compete with France, who was also powerful at the time.

-British Empire:

As he had predicted, in 1714, he became one of the main world powers, bearing the name that would characterize him for longevity: The British Empire. And he didn't need much to take over the whole world. It was the first time in his life that he had such a rank in the world. Going to be a collective representation of some Celtic peoples, to become a Kingdom, and finally an Empire. Neither could he believe it sometimes. He even changed his way of acting. Arthur had a bourgeois of soul. Of those people who are very rich but who would have loved to be noble. And when at last he was almost at the top of the world, England began to change the way he spoke, dressed and walked. Before England was characterized by being very badly spoken, rude, drunk, and not very neat, but all that changed one day for him another.

Suddenly, he wanted to make everything fall that was a gentleman. But if someone didn't like him at all, it was France.

France, with a reproachful look, told England: "Peu importa combien de fois vous essayez de dire, that you are a gentleman, that you are educated and noble. Nous savons tous que ce n'est pas vrai. Vous etiez a vandale, l'Angleterre, a saboteur. Vous êtes toujours. Et avant cela, vous étiez a garçon ivre allongé dans la boue, les putes et les noble wars sur votre petite île. Of plus, je peux même feel le gin, le sang et la boue dont tu es né. "* When France said this, England boiled in fury. He rushed at him, and they started one of his typical fights. England continued to detest France and more when he at that time even surpassed him in power in Europe, and built his own colonial empire. Definitely England would do something about it. Spain no longer mattered, had lost much power after the War of Spanish Succession, although England still hated him because he had something that even he could not possess. Even so, it did not take long for his threads to rule and reach almost everyone.

Things took their course, and when the War of Austrian Succession broke out, England soon tried to sneak (characteristic that would inherit his son United States) and harm them all. First allied with Austria only to harm France, and then became neutral to harm Austria himself, due to some resentment that he had for what happened centuries ago with the kidnapping of Richard the Lionheart and the sum he had to pay for his release. When the Seven Years' War had broken out, England again turned against France and allied himself with his old friend Portugal and with Prussia. He won this war along with his allies, and he didn't hesitate to mock France.

In those moments he felt the best. He had fought wars in France, and was beginning to be the main empire and power of the world, and had even snatched an important colony from France, New France (Canada) adopting him as his son. Everything was perfect for him in those moments. Even so, he never paid much attention to this one since he definitely loved his own son more, to whom he watched and watched most of his free time. But he didn't t know that France would never forgive him for having snatched his son from him and would take revenge on him in a similar way.

In these periods between wars, he visited and spent time with his favorite colony, his son, and later he left again, leaving him desolate since he didn't like to be alone, but he still had to do it.

England didn't know but at the same time he knew what his upbringing did to his child, between spoiling him, inciting him to racism, abandoning him for certain periods of time, and lying to him saying that the world deserved him, that he was a special child (when he wasn't), among other things that would form the personality of his son.

England continued with his run of good luck, beginning to become increasingly strong, and being the hegemony of the world, but he made a mistake: leaving so much time alone his colony. He didn't speculate that he would become independent of him, or that he would not need him. This mistake would bring consequences, and end his happiness. He would end his dream and his expectations. The world of England would change. He hadn't calculated that. He had never expected it.

-Independence of the United States, French Revolution and Industrial Revolution:

As it had already been exposed previously, to England nothing worried to him at those moments, that in fact, he grated in the happiness, since soon he would become the maximum hegemony of the world-wide one. However, only one event was enough that would make everything change for England forever.

Once he had returned to see his son after winning the Seven Years' War, he found a big and terrifying surprise. He was received by a young Thirteen Colonies, who made a horror invade him to the core, due to the excessive rapid growth of his son was not normal for him, causing him to really worry about something.

Thirteen Colonies was strong, stable, and could even sustain himself. All this only made England's hair stand on end.

If he had taken 13 centuries to reach adulthood, his disturbance was big when he saw how his son grew up in only a century and a half. But he try to pretend that nothing was happening, while he still could have him under his control. The young United States seemed not to be aware of this.

The system that England established to control his colonies was to monopolize them that they would market with him and only with him, while England would bring their products to them and so on. What really worried England that obviously led to the growth of his colony, but he continued to maintain his concern for it, without wanting to give any strange idea his colony.

But his concern came true. The United States began to suggest and insinuate things to him. He wanted to openly trade with other nations, he wanted to own his own free currency, until he came to ask for a place in the British Parliament. England listened to him as he trembled with anger and made his teeth creak. This overflowed the glass. England began to oppress and control her son more intensely, taking away all the luxuries he had previously provided, raising taxes abruptly, and making her young son more indebted. This Thirteen Colonies did not like, and kept trying to get some credit from his father, who shouted his truth to his face, tired of the insistence of his son: he was his colony, his extent, but to a lesser extent that he must obey his orders to the letter, and never get any recognition because it was only a colony, not a great old nation like him. He was part of the empire, not the empire.

This did not please his "colony", who did not resign himself; in fact, he did not hesitate to get up and seek to emancipate himself from him. Soon when his son began to sabotage his imports so he would not have to pay more taxes, everything exploded.

It was there when the world of England took the lead. He did not understand it at all, he did not understand it or was interested in understanding it, but even then he really did not understand absolutely anything about what was happening. Even so, he also counterattacked, since he would not let this strange feeling of rebellion take over even more of his son.

England soon went to give his rebellious son a lesson. And this time he would not be soft on him. England even felt sorry for the ingenuity of his colony, who believed that he could be separated from him. He, who was so young and knew so little of the world, could never face him. And in the first days, England just hoped to give him a good beating and come back to him later. This was easy, but England would suffer a blow that would make him see the truth. That was the world. When he learned that France and Spain were helping his son to emancipate himself from him, he sanitized real disgust. Suddenly, he looked at France from afar with real hatred in his eyes. And it was there that he knew he was doing it because he had taken his son, and now he would take his own.

England with big force and violence attacked his young son, and even thought about killing him several times, but deep down he knew he was incapable of doing it.

In battle, his son proved that he had learned well, but even so, the experience of England could not be surpassed by a young colony. And still, Thirteen Colonies did not scream, did not cry, always gets up and kept fighting.

And soon, with the hidden help of France and Spain, and with his resistance, England was realizing that his son would succeed. And something inside him writhed in anguish.

When he again proposed to give his freedom without fighting, England laughed bitterly. The United States stared at him and saw that he could do it.

In the war of independence, England, as in all wars, lost many of his boys, people who had left their families to fight against others who had also been English, who were equal to them. It was ironic, it was cruel.

In his last battle, his already ex-colony demanded his freedom again, but he was really stunned. He felt a bundle of emotions and thoughts that were destroying him inside: confusion, he felt that he was dreaming a bad dream; disbelief, he really did not understand how his son did not understand that he would never give him his freedom; strange, since he understood his brothers to hate him and seek his freedom because they were once free, but he did not understand why a colony, born to be of someone, sought or knew what freedom was; and sadness. He felt sad for losing his colony, for this mistake on his way to power, and he knew that everything would be refilled.

Finally they were face to face, before the cruel truth. For both it was difficult, but the United States was determined, he would be free and economically independent, his biggest dream. But England was in front of him, preventing him, and although it was his father, for him it was no longer so if it prevented his exit to the international market.

Face to face, everything was decided. England completely refused to release him. He faces him. He could kill him; he had the chance to finish him forever, and to get rid of that problem, could have ended the United States. But he did not. He was not able to do it. He failed the shot on purpose, and without further ado, having lost, he knelt and burst into tears. He had failed because, ultimately, he knew it did not suit him, that it was actually better that the boy would live, in the future he would benefit him, but even so, that did not mean it hurt less.

His most important colony, his influence in America, had left him. He felt betrayed, and hurt.

When the United States traveled to France to be recognized, England locked himself in Buckingham Palace and wept with rage, twisting his hands and breaking his rings with relief. He hated them both.

Something changed forever in England, who, or with their other colonies, was the same again. So radical was the change, which went from being a "hot blood" to a "cold blood". He became stern and cold. Still, he calmed down. His initial annoyance cooled and he knew that his son in the background would always belong to him. There was a bond between them that was only theirs. He knew that his would return to him, and would be helpful, so soon, he tried to be indifferent to the life of his son, and although they were rivaled for a while, he knew that deep down something of the United States would always be his.

Soon he began to observe the environment in Europe, more precisely France, and he knew that in this world things changed. At the end of the eighteenth century, France was his full attention. England laughed at him inside. France was foolish to continue with an absolutist monarchy in those times where the bourgeoisie possessed the true power and sought to rid themselves of their obstacle, the nobility. England had known it for a long time and that is why he provided chicken in the revolutions and civil wars and the parliament during the seventeenth century. He knew beforehand that if things did not change everything would end up exploding. If France did not accept it, he would suffer the consequences. Perhaps England was in solidarity with him, or he was cruel or simply wanted things to move forward because he began to support the bourgeoisie in France, who soon began to make noise and incite the people. England tried to warn France again, coldly, but he refused his help. England simply laughed at his stubborn and stupid neighbor.

When finally the famous French Revolution broke out, England opened his eyes impacted and somewhat fascinated. France at the end of the situations was interesting, he did it his way. There was an easier way like his, but if France wanted to kill all the parasites of the nobles, he did not care. England already knew that this would happen. England wanted the bourgeoisie to become the most powerful, because it was beginning to feel his own bourgeoisie advancing, beginning the famous Industrial Revolution.

But what England did not know was that France, after that bloodbath, with his heart burning, would seek that fire to expand. And it was there when England's smile twisted.

-Napoleonic Wars and the 1814 War:

While from his home he could hear the cries of the French Revolution, he calmly began to think about the world. He had lost his colony, but he definitely thought of having others, he planned to establish a commercial and colonial empire where the trade routes were his. But all this apparently had to wait because when the Revolution was over, England and Europe were completely turned over when France and his new leader, Napoleon Bonaparte, began a process of expansion never seen before. The power of France again gave him nervous. When the First French Empire emerged, a cry of panic escaped from England. Finally, in 1803, the Napoleonic Wars began. The first thing he did, in a hurry, was to raise an economic blockade in France. And intensify his maritime army. Soon, he found that almost all of Europe was against France.

England didn't want to see Europe in the hand of France for obvious reasons, and because he also didn't want to have to satisfy his interests or lose influence because of France.

The Napoleonic Wars was the last war that England held with France, the last after a long time of wars and rivalry. Therefore, it was what marked an old era and a new one. In the seas, England and France used to fight and insult each other, as they used to do. In a way England liked it.

But being in the middle of war didn't stop England from trying to possess new colonies. In 1806 and in 1807, England stealthily approached the young Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata (now Argentina), which was unprotected since Spain was captive by France, and tried to kidnap him, although both times he failed. Actually he wasn't focused enough on him and decided to focus completely on Europe.

But soon to England a second problem arose. The economic blockade that had put on France had affected the young United States who was furiously attacked by his brother Canada after the US tried to invade him. While fighting against France, decided to support his colony intensified the blockade to harm the United States even more. However, at a certain point he couldn't stand it anymore and went personally to teach his son a lesson. After a while, they would have to face each other again, but this time it would be different. Aggressively, England broke into the US territory, and began to finance the Native Americans, promising them they would be free of the American advance, to attack his son on another flank.

When he reached the battlefield, on the night that was glowing with fire, England saw how brutally his son was trying to rape and conquer his brother Canada, having to separate them, and positioning himself on the side of Canada, beating Alfred strongly, without remorse.

England, together with Canada were implacable. They violently treated the United States, as a lesson and warning. Even so, England, when he had won that war, felt much better.

And when he returned to Europe, he was with all the humor of beating France.

When he joined the Sixth Coalition, the biggest battle for the fate of Europe and France was decided. All against France. When England saw Spain, he shouted to run with them. Spain was able to escape from France and ran towards England. While Spain was hanging on his leg, England raised his rifle and stared. He fired, and France had fallen.

When France surrendered, no one enjoyed it as much as England, who humiliated him with great pleasure. It was England who after the Napoleonic wars who most watched France, and when he wanted to realize, he and France were more united than he thought.

The wars were an unforeseen altercation for his goals, and when they had been removed, his eyes returned to perch in every corner of the world.

-Imperialism and Colonialism, the Victorian Era (1837-1901):

The new world panorama was the following one: ultramarine expansion of the biggest powers, mainly of England and his eternal rival France. These became owners of the trade routes and important strategic points through colonialism. Colonialism was a form of domination where the biggest powers extended their power to administrative areas, extracted their resources and self-benefited themselves. All this could happen due to the industrial revolution, which was practically handled by England. The industrial revolution not only modified advances in mechanical technology, but also modified social and historical structures completely. Along with the French Revolution, the Industrial Revolution of England gave way to the contemporary era.

The Industrial Revolution was developed in England before any other European nation, with new inventions: spinning Jenny, hydraulic, steam engines, iron plow, locomotives, vaccines, etc.

However, social groups were influenced by this revolution unevenly:

The old noble elite remained the most powerful group. It was the group least affected by the changes. They were enriched enormously with industrialization since they owned about 70% of the English lands. They acquired a capitalist mentality and benefited from the passage of the railroad through their lands and the increase of agricultural production thanks to new techniques.

Their political role remains predominant, although they no longer have a monopoly of power due to the legal reforms introduced by the House of Commons.

The high bourgeoisie was a very restricted group of big bankers and important merchants and entrepreneurs. They tried to become related to the high aristocracy either by copying habits of daily life or by marriage ties.

The middle and lower bourgeoisie were craftsmen and owners of small and medium workshops. Entrepreneurial group that demands rights of big political representation is the social base of the Liberal Party.

Rural workers were harmed by the precarious contracts brought by the agricultural revolution. In addition, the unpopular Speenhamland System, or Poor Law, was implanted and they lost the possibility of acquiring income through the proto-industry due to the creation of the factories.

The proletarians were the ones who would suffer the most from the effects of an uncontrolled growth of the cities and a savage industrialization. Most of the proletarians were peasants who had been forced to leave their way of life moving to the cities to survive. They begin to suffer for the first time the tyranny of the clock, which imposes a monotonous life and long hours of work. Women and children were cheap labor. Public services were mediocre or nonexistent. For example, there was no running water in homes, any sewage or urban cleaning services, which caused numerous epidemics.

While the world began to launch completely to the so-called Industrial Capitalism, England, along with his group of colonizing imperialists, threw themselves into Africa like hungry dogs, as they saw Africans as part of their empire.

England was a country colonizer by nature (trauma that because he had once been a kind of colony of Normandy), and fought for Africa with claws and teeth. Over time, England was abducted and kidnapped the countries that would be known as: Gold Coast, Sierra Leone, Gambia, Nigeria, Egypt, Sudan, Uganda, Kenya, Rhodesia, South Africa and Somalia, among others. And his fights with France and sometimes with Holland and his sister Belgium for the colonies in Africa didn't wait.

He also had new colonies in America, stealing some from Spain and also had his new son: Guyana.

With the total colonization of Oceania, his other two favorite sons were born, Australia and in 1840 New Zealand. He loved them very much because they were obedient to him, but he would always love the United States more. He shouldn't have favorites, he said, but even though his favorite was Australia, he would always love the United States more. His true favourite son, the one he love the most.

England was unstoppable, occupying more territories, while becoming the supreme king of Industrialism, while everyone bought and sold to him. However, always in competition with France, who didn't want to be left behind.

And there was another factor that made England proud and become more petulant than usual, her queen. His beloved Queen Victoria. He loved her above all that he had known in the world. More even than Queen Elizabeth. For him, Queen Victoria was his greatest treasure. And Victoria was first name to come out in his mouth when he was looking for respect, when he was happy, when he wanted to impose himself, when he was about to commit massacres.

England had Oceania, had large parts of Africa, had some colonies in America, and soon would get into the great powers of Asia, whom he saw as his biggest card to the world's maximum control, or as a real danger.

-The Imperialism in Asia:

The wishes of England had no limits. He wanted to have everything. And when his eyes, and that of France, settled on Asia, the largest of the continents, both launched themselves at it. But it would be more complicated than any other place to own, because the most powerful nations ruled Asia. Still, England would manage.

England focused on Asia as a reaction to his lack of power in America. And soon, he began to walk around the Indian Ocean watching and analyzing. Asia was important to Europeans for sea routes, trade routes, ports, resources, and they would do anything for Asians to subjugate to them.

It was there when the eyes of England saw him. And after him he never saw anything more beautiful in the world.

-British occupation to India:

When England first saw India, he fell in love with him completely. He had always heard stories from India, which had the famous cedars, spices, etc. and besides, he had tea. England loved tea in such a way that he had come to think that it had been created by God only for him. And India had a lot of tea. When England began to approach him slowly, he considered him an enchanted prince. Neither France nor Austria approached India in beauty. For England, India was the most beautiful and appreciated being in the world. India was a great strategic point, he had all the resources and spices that he wanted for his companies, he had tea, and on top of that he was cultured, he would definitely have him for himself and only for him.

India was revealed against him in 1857, but England could still kidnap him.

By 1858, India became fully of the British Empire. England came to the rough and settled in his house as if it were his. India hated him exceedingly. Many times India tried to get away from him, but England, with violence, had he tightly held. India cried and yelled.

England began to consider India as his second home, even called his "personal countryside", but to his chagrin India detested him to death for what he did to him. England was filled with rage at knowing this fact, but he would never let India go. Never. But India would never forget either.

India had to subjugate himself before him and became his personal servant. England loved having him close to him. He considered India "the jewel in the crown." He was so fascinated by India, that he liked Asia much more than he had liked Africa, Oceania or even America.

But India always had the idea of liberating himself in mind. Always.

With India in him possession, England tripled his power. The world was practically his. But not all yet. There was another, one bigger than the big ones, which made England melt with rage and India smile with hope.

It was there when England dared to mess with the one who was the greatest. China.

-Wars of Opium (1839-1842):

He already knew China. Everyone knew him. During the sixteenth, seventeenth and eighteenth centuries the Europeans came to met the great China and asked for spices, cedars, and technological devices for the time. To England all this made him blush with embarrassment. For centuries, Europeans had to beg for China since them, backward, had nothing to offer China that he didn't have, or that they simply could not compete with the elaborate products of Chinese. Moreover, the real and first industrial revolution was nothing less than China, and in China. Since China had guns, gunpowder, industrial furnaces, even mechanics. But England sabotaged it completely.

England hated China venomously because even with China, he couldn't compete, he had done everything possible to make him fall, and invading him, sabotaging him, trying to blackmail him, but China was infallible. He was thousands of years ahead of them all. England was frustrated. If China thought of not getting involved, he definitely couldn't handle him. It was there when England knew that his success was not temperance, or courage for any of those things, was to sabotage, steal, kill, impose and oppress, and his intelligence, obviously.

Then it was there when England learned a big tactic, which he would later teach his eldest son. By the way, England, along with France, ended up inviting the United States to the game. England needed him. The obedience, brutality and warlike manner of his son was helpful to him.

Finally, England knew what to do to destroy China inside.

England was not stupid and knew that China was and could be a terrible competition, so he devised a plan to make him fall into decline.

China was reluctant to market to those in the West, and put quite a few clauses in trade with England. England pretended to be interested in Opium, which China began to guard jealously. England began to smuggle the Opium of China secretly to purpose, so that this one entered in conflicts with him. And as planned, he came out. England and China entered into a war for opium, although in reality it was for other reasons. Opium was an excuse to enter into war with China, thus weakening him and at the same time using opium as bait for China to want it more and thus put in decadence and addiction to his people. All to profit and market blatantly.

England was not untouchable, and even he fell into his game when he became a bit addicted to opium as well, but his mind was clear. Opium didn't matter, what mattered was weakening and sabotaging China enough to end up him, and when he had fallen ... England blushed at the thought.

China was strong, intelligent, wise, but this time he couldn't with the savages of the West. England felt enormous jealousy of China, who had been bigger and greatest than the Roman Empire even.

China soon declined because of this war, even sent a letter to Queen Victoria asking for England to stop sabotaging him.

But China, the great pillar of Asia, fell before English.

Finally England won him, and he didn't have to worry about China who had lost more than just the war. As payment of defeat, England took from China his brother Hong Kong, becoming his and raising him under his regime, much to the chagrin of China, who had only to lower his head.

When China fell, Asia fell with him. From that moment, England had a lot of control over him and everything that entailed. China declined in such a way that he couldn't barely stand up. England smiled with satisfaction. From that moment, hatred went through both of them. From that moment England had China locked up under his full power. And the greatness of China was thinning and thinning. From that moment, he had to do everything the Europeans wanted.

-Japan, and the Boshin Wars:

Japan was, after China, the second most powerful in Asia, and perhaps now, even the most powerful.

In the early nineteenth century England had tried in vain to open Japan commercially, but Japan, like his brother, had flatly refused.

Japan was strong, and could become a power if he was proposed, England knew. But Japan didn't want to know anything about that. England was frustrated, since Japan didn't even allow him to hunt whales in his waters.

It was not until 1853, when he got a big surprise. His eldest son went to Japan personally and gave him an ultimatum. After that meddling, Japan was forced to open up quickly. How easy it had been for his son, and how similar they were. For the first time, England was genuinely proud of him. The boy was something ignorant and idiotic but intelligent like him at the same time, to a lesser extent.

When he enthusiastically went to Japan, he first gave a long kiss on the front to the United States as congratulations.

When England tried to blackmail Japan, he realized that he wasn't only strong but he didn't need them. To England, France and the United States, they didn't like that much, so they did something about it.

He and France planned to set up a war scenario, manipulating Japan's destiny so that it would weaken, as an excuse, they used their typical competition, rivalry, and that both wanted to be Japan's friends. Thus they initiated a civil war, the Boshin War in Japan while both financed opposing sides. This caused ills to Japan, which didn't take long to realize that he was used by France and England to harm himself.

England supported and financed the Emperor's side, while France supported and financed the Shogunate. This was a proxy war, and at the same time, a ruse to Japan, because the real goal was to weaken him and thus him to fall into their clutches.

Finally, and as expected, the war took direction towards the side of England, establishing a commercial and strategic friendship with him.

This was another big advance of the British Empire over Asia, having extorted China, India under his power, now Japan as a possible ally, and many other territories in his hands.

-The Crimean War:

When the Russian Empire had access to the Mediterranean Sea by having Crimea, England screamed in fright.

England had detested France, hated Spain with rancor, hated China and many others, but for whom he could only feel fear and more fear was for Russia, the Russian Empire. Russia was England's personal horror. Russia was huge, giant, and could present abysmal competition. The Crimean War was a war in which England allied with France and the Ottoman Empire to prevent Russia from having access and economic power over the Mediterranean.

France, England and the kingdom of Piedmont (Northern Italy) declare war on Russia sent troops to Gallipoli to recover the territories lost by the Turks.

The Franco-British fleet bombed Odessa on April 10, 1854, attempting the landing without success. Subsequently, 60,000 men between the English and French landed in Crimea, creating a new front where they immediately gain ground.

At the end of 1854, the famous battle of Balaclava took place, where the cargo of light brigade became famous all over the world although with a bloody result. The cavalry finished its reign on the battlefield. A few days later, the allies closed the siege on Sevastopol, leading to a long siege. On November 5 the decisive battle of Inkerman was fought, where the Russian troops try to break the siege of Sevastopol. It was a bloody battle with a bayonet attack that ended with a serious Russian defeat.

Sevastopol finally fell into the hands of France and England on September 9, 1855, had spent 11 long months of siege. Shortly after Kars falls and the battle in the Sea of Azov finished. All this put an end to it; Russia was forced to ask for peace. On March 30, 1856, the peace treaty was signed in Paris, where both France and England rejoiced greatly. Both hated and feared Russia twice as much as anyone, and seeing him defeated was the most pleasurable pleasure. With the defeat of Russia, the Mediterranean Sea and Crimea remained under their interests and power. They preferred the Ottoman Empire rather than Russia because they knew that the Ottoman Empire would fall and when he did ... everything would be for them. But they could not let Russia have any chance.

This was one of the bloodiest wars in this century, and in which made an appearance "The Lady with the Lamp", a British nurse who, without distinction of the nationality, saved thousands of wounded in the Crimean War. She was one of the first modern nurses.

-England and Latin America:

Latin America was one of the few places in which the British Empire had no power directly, but in reality, he had taken care that they were still under his interests, since all Latin American countries depended on him to sustain their economy, for the general agroexporting. An example of this was his relationship with Argentina, relationship which was characterized as being quite carnal. Argentina was his main lover in Latin America although the Argentine wasn't always lenient with the English, for that reason England knew that Argentina could be a problem for him if he were revealed, but he wouldn't do it yet.

But something began to worry England: Paraguay. Paraguay was the only country in Latin America that was industrialized, independent of him, that could disfavor him and make him lose influence over the other countries there, even becoming the hegemony of Latin America, a true power. For that reason he soon put his Latin lovers, the Empire of Brazil, Argentina and Uruguay against Paraguay, generating a warlike conflict and he was who provided industrialized weapons to the three against Paraguay, demonstrating his mania to get involved and generate conflicts to harm others. It would get rid of Paraguay without having to get himsefl, it was perfect. So it was. With the devastating war, The Paraguay War, Paraguay couldn't recover and became another agricultural country. While he bought them and sold railroads, abusing of this. Again, he was the ruler of Latin America, specially South America.

England already had everything. He had the whole world in his hands, although he had to share a bit with France, he was very much aware that these were more allies than enemies despite their ever present rivalry. And with all the power, his goal was fulfilled. He would go directly to the ladder of supreme power. He was larger and more powerful than the Roman Empire and the Spanish Empire. He had achieved it. He couldn't believe it himself. Although he had achieved it with blood on his hands. A lot of blood. And he had injuries that would always hurt him.

But he was satisfied. He already had everything, no one got in his way. France was by his side.

The world was of the British Empire. But England's smile was completely erased when he arrived. When he appeared on the board, the course of England and of history would change.

England was filled with anger, anger and envy: there he was, standing in his way, the German Empire.

The emergence of the Triple Alliance:

The world began to prepare and adapt for the new times. And even though England had and wanted to spent a lot of time in Asia in recent decades, he had to finally return to Europe, a place that really hurt his head. He also had to see the panorama and context of Europe, which began to worry him a lot. The Italian Unification was an event with hardly relevance for him, although the Italians could represent a danger for his power in the north of Africa, but it was the Unification of Germany that really made him angered.

Finally and without seeing it coming, the newborn German Empire, the Austro-Hungarian, and the newly Unified Kingdom of Italy had formed an alliance.

England screamed at the sky. The German Empire was barely born and already was a power, and allies loyal to him. The young Germany was strong, determined, imposing, and would never allow himself to be blackmailed by him. He had barely been born and already had Europe trembling for him. Barely he had appeared in the world and already had railroads in the Middle East, had to give him colonies in Africa, and was already beginning, unconsciously, to compete against his interests. England already hated him to death. And on top of that he envied him.

When the young Germany organized the Berlin Conference to organize as Europe and Japan were divided China and Africa, England sat next to France, since both hated Germany, and refused to accept that Germany had colonies in China and Asia. On top of everything, China seemed to prefer Germany to him and that drove him crazy.

He believed that Germany, as young and seriously shy as he seemed wouldn't protest, but to his shock, Germany cornered him and demanded colonies in Asia. Scared, England gave some of them to him.

Definitely England would not let himself humiliate and, with resentment and envy of the possessions of Germany (although he had many more) planned and swore to make Germany suffer.

When he learned that his eldest son, not to be left behind, was taking over the Caribbean under the excuse of freedom, and was fighting against Spain (Hispanic-American war), England looked at the scene with curiosity. His son did what he did for power, like him, but with the excuse of freedom and non-colonialism. But England knew the truth, because in spite of that, the United States didn't dare to touch the English colonies of the Caribbean. That action spoke for itself.

All these events meant that he had to position himself on one side. Engalnd didn't really understand what had happened or what things were being planned, but he knew he had few options. The ones he most missed were that France and he were positioned in the same side, along with other countries. England began to notice, that although he competed with France in everything, in that last century both responded to the same interests, and many other strange and creepy similarities, and even approaches between both that neither himself had noticed. He remember that when he met the young Germany at a presentation party organized by Prussia, both he and France really felt apathy for the future German Empire, talking about him behind his back and confabulating for a future. He was also surprised at the fast growth of his son, as his son had, but Germany had grown much faster. Even so, he wasn't as surprised as he was the first time, perhaps because he had become accustomed or because he knew that this was because Germany had been the Holy Roman Empire and this influenced, added with the help of Prussia.

This precisely showed that the world began to be organize under a new order, and England knew that something very big was coming. The strategic movements and wars were taking place to form a world scenario that would change everything. He had to adapt and form alliances before it was too late, but everything would change for him in these new movements and changes in the world chessboard.

-Late nineteenth century and aspects of Victorian English society:

The nineteenth century was coming to an end, and although at the beginning of the twentieth century he was involved in some conflicts / wars, there was nothing scarcely alarming. Although unknowingly, those were his last years in his full world power.

England had the whole world but soon things would change. Although the 19th century was the strangest for all, the 20th century would definitely exceed expectations, negatively.

Throughout the nineteenth century his children Canada, Australia and New Zealand were becoming independent from him in short order, having their own constitutions, although they remained under his power. England was intelligent and would accept it, since his children would always be helpful to him. They would always please him. In them, England didn't have to exercise power, because they were already dominated. He loved them for that. He didn't know, however, who loved he more, if they or the United States. He had been the only one to emancipate himself from him and leave him ashamed, not the others. In the end, he would always love the United States much more for being brave or foolish enough to face him. Yes, he loved him for that. His other children were smarter. But in the end, the destiny of the United States had not been different; he followed his orders just like everyone else.

He also continued to have problems with his brothers. Wales had escaped from him and fled to Argentina where he had founded a colony, much to England's anger. Ireland and Scotland hated him more than ever because they were the ones who had to work in the factories, in the mines, it was they who were exploited, his own brothers.

England forged his own destiny, and would pay for it sooner or later.

Even so, he knew that a big event would happen soon, so he was preparing physically and psychologically beforehand.

While waiting, he spent his time reading his favorite books, Pride and Prejudice, Alice in Wonderland, Sharlock Holmes, among others. He feels very intellectual with this, and he loved to read while he smoked either tobacco or opium. Great writers emerged during the Victorian era, such as Charles Dickens, Oscar Wild, Lewis Carroll, and with them great stories.

The Victorian era was magnificent and definitely one of the highest points of England, its zenith, but it was also one of the darkest periods. Many things were and were done at this time, but here we will only highlight four points of the English society at that time: social classes, prostitution, child labor, and opium.

- Of Social Classes:

As has already been said, the industrial and French revolution completely changed social configurations. The English bourgeoisie called themselves "middle class" limiting the "upper class", which was the nobility and great aristocrats with renowned families. The high bourgeoisie was composed of bankers, businessmen and financiers, heirs of those who had risked their capital in pursuit of the new form taken by the economy.

As for the common middle class and the lower middle class, they tried to emulate the upper class being small shopkeepers and entrepreneurs, doctors, lawyers, merchants.

The establishment of society was composed, as it always had been, by the upper class. The aristocrats owned properties of more than four thousand hectares in which they spent the summer months, going to live in winter in the city of London.

Altogether, the upper class for 1873 controlled almost 80% of the surface of England, 24 also had representation in the Parliament and the cabinet of ministers, reaching peaks of 80% and 60% respectively and being related to the aristocracy. In addition, they held executive positions in the army-three-quarters in 1838-and in the Anglican church, by the end of the century, half the bishops were married to women of the aristocracy.

The working class, the low class, were the majority of society, nothing new, as it had always been in history. In those times there was no social support for the poor and exploitation was, as always in history, excessive.

-Of Prostitution:

The double sexual morality is typical of the Victorian era. Parallel to the strict customs of the time, an underground sexual world developed where adultery and prostitution proliferated. There were also "courtesans" who were people who, in the beginning, attended the monarchs.

The night was in charge of hiding the vices of the people: in the East London there were many brothels, show halls, gambling halls. But it also developed a street environment of drugs, sex and gambling without skimping on variants such as orgies, erotic spectacles, child abuse and flogging. England developed the first condom made in latex, even though sexual intercourse was supposed to be maintained for reproductive purposes.

Prostitution was a very common activity in nineteenth-century England, as it had always been, but now exasperated. Generally these were women prostituted for a few coins and came from the most diverse nationalities. London was a terribly powerful capital and was a very popular destination in the migratory flows.

Prostitutes populated the bars and streets of Whitechapel, one of the poorest neighborhoods in the East End. But they were also close to theaters and male entertainment establishments, from brothels to places where men drank and enjoyed erotic shows that were often played by underage. Homosexual prostitution also existed, although logically the secrecy surrounding it was greater.

In 1864 the Contagious Diseases Acts were approved, which were later modified in 1866 and 1869. They established the creation of a committee for the investigation of venereal diseases in the armed forces and in the areas adjacent to the forces, allowing the police detained and subjected the prostitutes to venereal controls and, if found with any of these diseases, was confined in a secluded hospital until her recovery. One of the precursors in the abolition of these laws was Josephine Butler, linked the prostitutes as a form of Catholic charity, who were victims of male oppression, initiating a campaign in 1869.

A study of the end of the Victorian period showed that more than 90% of the prostitutes in the Millbank prison were daughters of unskilled or semi-skilled workers, and more than 50% had been raised by women servants and the rest by women with jobs without future, street vendors, laundresses or cleaning.

The irruption of Jack the Ripper in the summer of 1888 was devastating for London prostitutes. England used to visit prostitutes from his remote medieval days, but the excessive perversion of these times, coupled with child prostitution was not funny, even though he did nothing about it either, coldly indifferent.

The photograph of Mary Simpson, an 11-year-old pregnant prostitute, is evidence of the cruelty and perversity of England in those times. Although it had always been like this, now it looked.

-Of Child Labor:

The industrial revolution monopolized child labor for jobs such as mining or the textile industry, causing accidents and deaths often by making children work under running machines, they were also flogged if production began to fall. In England the disadvantaged children were in charge of the churches, who sold them to the industries through advertisements in the newspapers when they no longer wanted to keep them or when they had too many. Trade was often carried out without parental consent.

From the age of four they were wanted to be "trained" in the machines, work in the mines, clean the parts of the machinery or go after the broken threads in the looms. Most of the child labor were children from Scothland and Ireland, but English children too.

In England, 44% of thieves and 23% of those who had caused injuries didn't exceed 21 years of age.

-Of Opium:

This is not strange if it is known that in the royal apothecary opium was freely distributed to the courtiers, Queen Victoria herself consumed it in the form of chewing gum with cocaine, next to the young Winston Churchill and, as for the fiction, Sherlock Holmes frequently injected cocaine since it was considered for "brain and very nervous" people. Opium was freely consumed as a "social drug", although over time it acquired a bad reputation because, in the dens where it was consumed, prostitution was also present.

The problems of drugs, added to the terrible social problems previously exposed, make everything become more dark at this time. England was part of all this, since this was nineteenth-century England.

.

The year 1901 was devastating for England, since it was the year in which his love died, Queen Victoria, his favorite and beloved queen. For that reason all that year he spent locked in his room crying, melancholic and without energies. But it had been a year since that, he was forced by himself to leave and quickly find allies in the Far East as Russia began to put his energies there.

Because of this, England decided that his friendship with Japan should be made official. Thus, in 1902, the Anglo-Japanese alliance was formed. This greatly eased England, as Japan was the only and most industrialized power in Asia, in a very short time, (to his surprise, as he had emerged from isolation for almost 300 years and had already adapted). In addition to being a strategic point.

Even so, the alliance with the Empire of Japan was not enough, and he would soon discover this meaning when he joined forces with another nation and changed everything when he knew about his life.

In 1904, not only would the story of Peter Pan be public, which he loved, but his story with a certain nation would take a tragicomic course for him.

-The Entente Cordiale:

In 1904, the superiors of England informed him that he would make an indefinite alliance with a nation to which England had detested for hundreds of years. He would make an alliance of political and military union with France.

When he received the news, England didn't flinch. Before he would have kicked, denied and rejected this flatly, but he knew that he and France were already united in many aspects, he knew that it was very convenient for him to share with France, but it was still a strange thing. England knew, although he refused to admit it, that this was true, and that France was a favorable option.

Reluctantly, he accepted signing the alliance with France, to his dismay. When he came face to face with France, he knew several things: that France also had this cost. That if he thought about it, since the mid-nineteenth century they both started to get along more amicably, and actually fought together in the Crimean War, and if he was honest with himself, they always got together when a third harmed their plans and he discovered with real displeasure that a feeling of guilt invaded him when he saw the eyes of France. Only before him was he weak.

When they were forced to shake hands as a symbol of brotherhood, a spontaneous image of Joan of Arc being burned appeared in his mind.

In the days and months that followed, they had to, forced, spend time together to plan future strategies, but in reality they rarely spoke while walking the streets of Paris. England was invaded by guilty feelings and sensations that were unknown to him, but he didn't remember where they came from. Each time these thoughts and emotions approached him; his pride did his thing and refused to establish real friendship with the Frenchman. Even so, he thought a lot about him when they were together. Finally he remembered something he had not thought about for hundreds of years: how he met France. He recoiled with shame as he had confused him with a girl and offered him flowers. He also remembered that it was there when he sweated never to express feelings to enemies or strangers, and how he became reluctant in those things.

He continued walking in silence with France, walking behind him, observing him, remembering, and feeling a terrible guilt for having purposely killed Joan of Arc, the love of France. He didn't know why all these thoughts, emotions and feelings overwhelmed him that way so suddenly, but they did it when he thought of France. And finally he regretted doing it. He still resented France for having helped the United States in his independence, but everything else was meaningless. Finally he knew. He loved France for a very long time, and not only that, but with the Entente Cordiale he had realized his deeply love for him. He approached France, taking him by the arm, accepting him as his partner. And he discovered that the feeling was similarly mutual.

That was the first time in history that England and France formally allied, and where they ended with an old tradition of fights between them. And England loved to think that France could be his, and only his.

-First World War:

The chessboard was almost complete. The tensions that were at that time were by the clashing interests between the great Empires, England and his, and Germany and his. They were for power, for the colonies. It was because England was seeing Germany as his biggest competition and perdition. England had the whole world but worried him, like all people of power, to lose it. And he looked at Germany as the one who would replace him. Germany was younger, stronger. And England wasn't going to let that happen.

The war that was to come was for that reason, for crossed economic and colonial interests. It was because England didn't want to stop being the king. And because Germany, so young and daring, would compete with English until he got tired.

When the first piece was moved, the war broke out in 1914. England didn't think to afford to lose, so he decided to cheat and visit the brothers Italy. England lied to them, telling them that by winning he would give those parts of Austria and they would be rewarded with the German colonies. The Italians accepted, and England began to lend them money for their war economy, happy, since he knew that if he won or lost, the Italians should pay him back. He always came out winning.

When the war finally broke out, he feigned surprise when France communicated it to him. Finally the big event in which they were preparing since the end of the nineteenth century arrived, and although he and the others believed that they would achieve their goals easily and everything would end quickly, no one expected what that would be.

Prepared and confident, he had no idea that war would change everything for eternity.

As soon as it had begun, England went to help France at the front, and found reality. Although at the beginning he didn't assimilate it, and tried to keep boasting about being confident and proud, all of that quickly subsided. England knew what an industrialized war was, a face to face war with advanced weapons, knew about trench warfare. Little by little, he began to see the truth. The cruel truth and infinite horror unleashed in what he himself along with others planned, and being there didn't understand what his eyes saw.

Even so, in the middle of the war, something of humanity flourished in the cold heart of England, who even began to feel a deep pity for the young Germany, who had thought badly together with others. A humanity hidden in England flourished at last before this crude panorama, and at Christmas of 1914, he himself called a ceasefire with Germany, with whom he sang Christmas carols and played soccer games, as good friends, for the next day, to the trench of war.

That humanity and respect everyone had at the beginning of the war, feeling unreal and temporary, couldn't last long. The horror of the war, the bombs, the machine guns, the noise of the planes, and the bloodstained trenches consumed them. England ignored everything known. And when they went deeper into the war, more an owner seemed all the above. Even so, he always try to be a knight before his adversaries, but the war changes everything forever. Throughout his life he never imagined anything like this, and England knew madness and despair.

Never, in all his horrible wars, had he experienced something like that, or maybe he did, but he didn't want to remember it. And in the depths of the trenches, something caused England a trauma that made his forget the taste of tea, the smell of turf and grass roses, he forgot the glare of her beloved Victoria's eyes, the voice of Elizabeth, the India's aroma, and the taste of France's lips. He almost forgot his name.

He was not the only one, and he knew it. France, Germany, Italy, Russia, all were shocked by this event, which lasted much longer than they had believed. But he sympathized more with Germany, which was young, and that would be his first war forever. He felt a deep sorrow.

The Red Baron, German hero of the war, was admired by England, although he had killed his own hero in the air, England felt that the Baron's chivalry reminded him of something he shouldn't forget.

By 1917, England had resigned himself to the fact that this war would last forever, that the Front would be their home, that they would never drink tea again, that they would all fight until the end of time and that the trench would be theirs tomb. But a hope would be born in the chest of England, almost at the end of the war.

While flying through the skies of wars, he heard a voice that made him overturn his heart filled with disbelief. Smiling at him, his son United States, who smiled at him like an idiot, had arrived. Even though England had been bothered a lot with this, he could only smile and cry for joy This made him recover and help England out of the darkness, to recover his lost spirit in the trenches, and to realize that the war would not last forever, was about to end, and he would win.

He was the same again. And with this, he left to go to France that was as mad as he was before.

With the help of his son, the war ended. Finally, and the one who believed that he never would, he finish at the end. Although he, France and others had to go through a long recovery period, since both physically and psychologically, the war had mutilated them. His recovery was less painful than that of the others, as he had the opportunity to recover psychologically and emotionally and asking for the money returned to the confused and outraged Italians made him feel better. But even so, it was difficult, and although he was again a gentleman of punctuality who drink tea at 4.00, he himself assured that the England that entered the war never left there, is still fighting in the trenches. And he would never return.

After all this horrible period, in the Treaty of Versailles, he saw how France took revenge on poor Germany by putting clauses and removing positions for having lost the war, apart from separating Austria from Hungary. Although he sympathized with Germany, his desire to take the colonies out of the German was an unmistakable pleasure. England betrayed the treacherous Italians by staying with the colonies that had been Germany and he himself helped France in his work. When France decreed that Germany should pay all the expenses of the war, and when Germany broke down in tears, England looked at him coldly.

After the Great War England was left with all the German colonies in Africa, which had been looking for all the time.

He had not really changed. His post-war bitterness was appeased by his victory, though he knew things would never be the same. His golden years had passed.

When he interrogated his son about why he had entered the war so late, he only smiled at him. England insisted on knowing furiously, and to silence him, the United States brusquely kissed his lips. It was there when England knew, with regret, two things: his son could be something idiotic but at the same time he was instinctively intelligent, it had not been convenient for him to enter the war at the beginning and he had done it at the end for convenience. And the second thing was that, his son was more powerful than he imagined, and although London remained the financial center of the world, his American son was extremely powerful. Even with this knowledge, he didn't want to accept it and he remained the boss of everything even though his son was beginning to be at his height or more.

In the interwar period, England dreamed of war and had nightmares almost every night. But he also had to prepare, since he was more than aware that another storm would come, because the war had left many things unfinished and many with wounds that would not heal easily.

- Independence of Ireland and Interwar period:

England was able to recover completely from the cruel events that happened, although he had little time to rest, since a new conflict would break through in his world.

During the decade of the 20s, Ireland had risen up against him. This took him by surprise, since, although he was known that his brothers detested him and hated him for forcing them to be with him, England really believed that they had become accustomed. Before this action of Ireland, England only reacted as he knew how to do it, violently. England, who had always had the fetish of oppressing his brothers to be with him even if they didn't want to, reacted cruelly to the mere idea that Ireland wanted to become independent of the United Kingdom, he would never allow it. He didn't want it. He would not let it happen. On the other hand he feared that his other brothers would imitate Ireland, something that would be fatal to him. Added to the fact that his empire was growing paler, the idea of Ireland becoming independent was horrifying. And that is how a violent conflict between brothers was unleashed. In the course of his war, England was impressed with the fierceness and determination with which Ireland sought his freedom from him, something that, unfortunately, his brother simply wouldn't give him. He refused with all his soul. Don't you see that that will not happen, that I will use all my power to prevent it, England said to his older brother Ireland. But in the wild green eyes of Ireland, England could see that he preferred death before he went on like this.

Ireland fought and fought, and England soon learned the outcome of the situation.

Finally, indeed Ireland became independent from him, although not before dividing himself by taking away all attachment to his brother, thus giving Northern Ireland, the Unionist Ireland. Upset, though truly sad England never forgave him in life. It had hurt even more than his son's independence, much more.

When this happened and his brother left them, England wept in anger.

In the Statute of Westminster of 1931, England signed the legislative equality,and the freedom of parts of his empire that governed themsleves. This was how Australia and New Zealand became "independent", so to speak, and although the monarchs of England were still like their kings, in reality they were free since the kings had long been no more than ornamental figures, and both had their own parliaments. He also gave freedom to the South African Union, his best-known son in Africa, and with a heavy burden, signed the freedom of the Free State of Ireland. Crocodile tears escaped England's eyes for that.

The enormous influence that England had in the international arena, made him aware of the coming of the Great Depression, so that England, not to be so affected by it, planned a "closed circle" and a protectionist economic policy so as not to suffer the effects of the crisis so much, and he and he had half success. The Crisis of 30s' affected him, but due to his preparation he wasn't one of the worst affected countries and he had a quick recovery.

Still, he saw how everyone was plunged into misery, including his son, who had caused everything because of his banks and the lack of state intervention. England knew that his son could be a great extremist and fanatic and a big idiot. When his son was sick, England visited him from time to time to talk with him about what was happening in the world.

It was not hard for England to forget the horrors of the FWW, but his feelings of failure when losing Ireland, with which he dreamed almost every night. Even so, England didn't take long to prepare as he knew of another great war, and he knew perfectly well what type.

When Nazi Germany emerged in 1933, along with his allies, England and France were happy. Yes, they were somewhat happy.

They had never seen fascism but they understood it. The fascist model was helpful to their interests; it was the monopolization of violence in which the elites were benefited and benefited those from above that is to say to them. That is why when Italy and Germany rose up in politics at that time they both saw it with good eyes because the true beneficiaries would be them. But when they went to see Germany, to talk to him and to get acquainted after the war, they found something very different. Germany was a fascist, but a fascist who hated them and would not stop until he saw them fall, to take revenge for everything they had done to him. Therefore, France and England, horrified by the new power of Germany and with the intentions of this, began a policy of finding him. The same as the United States, for the same reasons.

Although they had sworn to defeat Germany, the three admired him. Fascism was beautiful to the eyes of England. it was the ideal model that he would never carry for obvious reasons. France was also attracted to fascism and United States envied Germany for it.

He felt bad for not taking the opportunity with Germany and Italy but England would do with another. During the Spanish Civil War, England financed Franco's fascists. All the Spanish dictatorship was supported and financed by England. He and France guessed the intentions of Germany, invading Poland to recover former territories of his brother Prussia, and both went to give support to Poland. However, and to their true liking, Poland paid them little attention. If something France and he wanted was that blood flow and that the events were given the worst so to attack Germany with everything.

Even England felt a very slight admiration for the German everything changed forever in 1938. In 1938 England ceased to be the hegemony. He stopped being the boss. This shut him down very, very badly. Germany had taken his place. After almost more than 3 centuries that the world had been given to him, and everything was now lost for him. His life fell; there was no point in living for him. France restrained him and comforted him, assuring him that he would remain strong for the war and beat Germany. Germany, England was filled with hatred for him, an advection that never completely disappeared. England fell silent in alcohol and nostalgia, and since he ceased to be the hegemony his greatest yearnings are to return to his days, to his apogee. When he stopped being the biggest power everyone believed that his power fell and was lost, but in reality it never did it at all, something would always remain of his evil legacy.

-Second World War, Bengal famine of 1943 and New World Order:

Finally the war began, the one that would mark a before and after in history. And he and France allied and declared war on Nazi Germany. Also over time they allied with Russia. Russia, more than Germany, England saw him as their true enemy. When the Russian Revolution occurred, Arthur could not believe it. He didn't recognize the Bolshevik Russia and in fact he financed the White Guard during the Russian civil war to put an end to that aberration called communism. However, he couldn't do it. He would have loved to ally with Germany and fight the Soviet Union if had not been for Germany to hate them so much. But Russia was the real problem. With France, he planned to make both Germany and the USSR confront each other until both were destroyed, until nothing remained of them and again it was they who ruled the world, but nothing would work out as expected.

The war, as is obvious, got worse. Even so, England had prepared emotionally and psychologically so that it wouldn't happen the same as in the Great War.

When Japan was allied with Germany, England was truly annoyed, since Japan had been his ally in the past, and the indifferent form and his transformation hadn't pleased England, who swore not to forgive him. Japan was also like Germany, fascist, but one that would confront them all no matter what. Not so was Italy, and it was there that England saw the weakness of the Axis Powers.

When the United States became impatient to enter the war, England was the one who told him to hurry to do it. He knew that the United States would enter the war in one way or another. And so he did with what happened at Pearl Harbor. When the United States finally entered the war in time (not nearly at the end as in the first), self-proclaimed leader of the Allies, leaving England in second place in command, which he didn't like enough. England told the United States that he would face Japan so he wouldn't have him in Europe.

The war continued, and England began to notice where the world was heading. Observing Russia and the USA, he knew that everything would depend on them when Germany was defeated. England met Romano and it was there when they both made an agreement and when Italy changed sides.

Finally, the war almost came to an end, and he himself witnessed the fall of Germany. He witnessed Russia's mistreatment of him, but little did he care. He and France went to see the things that Germany had been doing in Poland and elsewhere, and when they contemplated it, France and the United States swore to exaggerate everything so that Germany would remain for life as a villain. But the thing didn't end there, England like everyone, to their big annoyance, Russia was still standing and stronger than ever. The fact that it was Russia the one that had defeated Germany wasn't something they liked.

The war was about to end and everyone looked to the sky to see the last two opponents: the United States and Japan. England was already relieved and even repaired from the wars he had, as if a second dose of horror were enough to naturalize him. And England waited and knew that his beloved son would win. But everything was filled with such a sepulchral silence that shrieked in cries, when the United States shot the Atomic Bombs. He was with France when he saw them, and he felt something strange in his being. He saw the perversion and mental disharmony of his son, feeling as admiration for his son, although not enough.

When he went to see him, he bowed his head before him, since now he knew that his son was more powerful than him. He no longer gave orders, which was now the United States the hegemony.

It was thus that England saw with reluctance how his son became the maximum hegemony, taking away his position. That was how he lowered his head to the one he had cared for, raised, and created, the United States. The arrogant and impudent, arrogant and impolite form of his son made him full of shame and rejoicing at the same time.

Much of the evil of the United States was inherited from the evil of England. Even so, England felt a selective shame: he felt that his son was embarrassing and scandalous as well as deranged, but on the other hand he loved and admired him, even he suited him.

Thus ended the war, although he won, he actually lost a lot. His position of hegemony, and something else. When England was recovering from the devastating events of the war, he learned something that finally caused his to collapse. He had lost India. His beloved India, his second favorite place in the world had become independent from him in 1949, with this; he felt that he lost everything. Everything lacked brilliance for England. Even his big surprise of how the world changed forever, as others became independent of him too, the terrifying atomic bombs, nothing was for him like losing India, who was happy to get rid of him. India always hated him since England settled in his house, but more he hate him when England took all the food from his house to in front of war in World War II, causing thousands of Hindus to die without England caring a lot, the Bengal famine of 1943. England, before this, tried to hide his acts, but in spite of everything he had lost India.

Many speak of the acts of Germany, but England did plunge thousands and thousands of Hindus into poverty and death when they took away all the Indian food for war. Hitler is mentioned; Stalin is mentioned, but never Churchill, another real murderer, along with Truman. A real murder that nobody talks about. India would never forgive him, ever.

When he finally resigned himself to being the main ally of the United States, they all saw Russia as eyes of fear and disgust. Thus the so-called Red Terror was born. When the Cold War finally began, England did everything he could to help his son to win, because, in this way two things were arranged for him: if his son was the hegemony, this was synonymous with the fact that he could reach to a lot of power. And besides, England, whose intelligence had not diminished, realized that the head of Russia perhaps wasn't as "revolutionary" as he was said, and knew that he wanted something with him.

England began a a rapprochement with the Soviet Union in Stalin's time, and he knew that Stalin had betrayed the revolution and wanted pacts and treaties with the West. With pleasure, England gave way. This is why England ordered the head of Russia to sabotage the Spanish civil war so that the fascists won. So it was. Despite the fact that in those days everyone said they hated fascism, they conveniently left Spain engulfed in it, controlled by England.

-The Punk, the Rock, and the Cold War:

Losing India, coupled with his postwar feelings, and the horrible memories of his life that flourished in his mind in those days, made England sink into nostalgia and melancholy, while crying miserable for what the world brought.

In these times, he had a strong introspection, one that he had never done, but the only thing he did was make him feel worse. This plus the deep emotional dilemmas that had been stagnant for years, made him born a deep rancor for the cruel fate that consumed him. But something made him explode, something made him collapse with despair and that was transformed into art, making him hysterical and rebellious: the mere idea that his life would remain as it always was until the End of the Days caused him to collapse in anger that he didn't resign himself. That's how Punk was born. And he was the forerunner of this. In spite of the fact that a certain part of him seemed strange to him, because his mind remained half stagnant in the middle ages, little and nothing mattered to him. That's what it was about. He would never be the same "gentleman" again, he was fed up of that. That is why he rebelled at the extreme of everything he used to be. He loved chaos, strikes, demonstrations, and the uncontrolled, to feel that something in him had changed. Rebellious and badly talked about as he had been before, never in all his history did he have the same respect as before for his queen and Crown. And when he met Rock, that art seemed to intoxicate him, everything exploded. And he ended up defining himself: He was a punk gentleman lover of Rock and The Beatles who loved tea and India. Although he returned to his fine suits, and his manners, whenever he can he dresses in punk and goes out to cause lack of control and noise. He was like an oxymoron. England, the country of gentlemen, precursor of Punk. Never again would anyone have believed that he would and would become something so extreme to what he used to be. And England unveiled something that he learned from this experience: everything that is eternal, one day becomes hell. And this is why he exploded into something new.

Meanwhile, and despite his new rebellious face, England continued with his facade of being the "right hand of the United States in Europe," when in reality it was much more than that. Despite the euphoria of Punk and Rock that made his blood boil, deep down he would always be a imperialist coolness. That could hardly change. In addition, he was in a difficult stage, full Cold War. The United States and the Soviet Union were debating the world, and England prayed that Russia would lose because the idea of seeing the world under the so-called "reds" caused great uneasiness and repulsion. He hated Russia and communism. But he also feared him a lot, and watched the Iron Curtain in Europe with caution, although something told him how it would end. The United States was for him an immature but a very useful one.

So in conclusion the Cold War was a very stressful time for everyone.

And almost at the end of the Cold War, another war, a legacy of his past, would hit England.

-The Falklands War and Margaret Thatcher:

When in 1979, Margaret Thatcher went up as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, England simply accepted her, like any other of his ministers. But the history of England would become darker from then on.

In his days of imperialism, England, in 1833, had stolen from Argentina the Falkland Islands, and had stayed since they were a good strategic point. And this decision would have his consequence in the future, the Falklands War.

It was a warlike conflict of strategic territorial political character that was developed in the Falkland Islands that only lasted 4 months. Nothing for a nation that was in hundreds of bloody wars and one that lasted more than 100 years, but this was not for England.

What Argentina wanted, his enemy in the conflict, was that England, which in his time of imperialism had taken him away, returned the Falklands. But England was not going to allow it. Not only was he an important strategist, but he longed to keep what was left of his empire.

When Argentina on April 2, 1982 proceeded to return them to his territory, the war broke out. At that time England was headed by Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher, who although not the Queen, was the most powerful woman in the United Kingdom. Although this was beginning to be not much loved by England, when she ordered him to go to war, he obeyed; he had always been like that.

Obviously he would win the war, Argentina had no chance, and he had done that compulsively. But England admitted that the Argentine air forces were good.

The war consumed him completely. It made him fall into that dark and cold pit of suffering he had tried to get out of. It was only 4 months, but for him it was a damn eternity.

Once again he became afraid and suffered with his life of wars and before thinking with the possibility that his life would always be like that.

As with the United States in the Vietnam War, he experienced total disenchantment in that war.

And he won it. Although very bittersweet. More than once he wanted to finish it before, begging, but his boss always made him come back.

When he returned home psychologically devastated, he found that instead of advancing into his old empire as he had proposed and promised, neoliberalism had entered his house instead. Neoliberalism is a monster, a hungry monster that does not recognize master or country. Perhaps, the only ones to recognize as momentary owners were those who benefited from it, the riches. But even to them neoliberalism could attack. And it did it. It rushed and ripped the side of England, throwing him through the air, making screams of pain and horror.

And neoliberalism was controlled by his boss. With Thatcher, England experienced the worst crises of his life. Thatcher destroyed the manufacturing industry of Great Britain and her policies led to mass unemployment. Voted against the relaxation of divorce laws, abolished free milk for school children, precipitated a crisis of social housing that is still felt today in England, sowed the seeds of privatization, was openly homophobic, and repressed the strikes of Irish workers (north), who protested their policies. And for many other reasons, Arthur hated her more than any of his other leaders. It was one thing to do wrongdoing to others, and another thing to do wrong in his own home. Arthur felt miserable.

He had lied to his own people who made it up. He hate Margaret Thatcher with all his soul for having brought neoliberalism to him and for having made him sick, since he was in crisis. He hate her and without any kind of self-censorship. He hates her and hates her.

The months of post-war England was submerged in a rather worrisome depression. He did not forget the war. He even tried to commit suicide 264 times (reference to the 264 Falklands war veterans who committed suicide later).

Once he got into an empty bathtub. He lay down there. And with a weapon he tried to commit suicide by shooting himself in the head or in the mouth. But he never died. He knew it.

But something always stayed, and he would never believe that the war had a glorious bias. He would be the closest ally of the United States, or the other way around.

When the Cold War ended, and the Soviet Union had fallen, he knew that the world would finally be theirs.

-Present:

After the Cold War, and when the United States was placed on the throne of world hegemony, England was rested from all the stress that could have caused the past century. Although everything had calmed down, he and his friends continued to create chaos and he continued to support and support everything that the United States did, or maybe it was the other way around.

He continued with his Rock music and his punks and said goodbye to the terrible century that everything changed for everyone. And what a events have happened in the 20 century and also in him and his way of living and acting.

In the 21st century, he has greatly improved his relations with most of his former colonies and protectorates, but there are things that would never be the same again, o never could be better. The time has already passed and his relationship with Argentina wasn't better, in fact they became strong rivals. Argentina continues to claim the Falklands, which makes England remember the horrible and hated event, making their relationship heated up more and more.

When the conflicts in the Middle East caused by his son and planned by them began, England had a strong participation in all this. Saudi Arabia was an important ally and, like Israel, England would try to defend their and his interests and those of his son, which would lead to many of the problems that occur today.

-The European Union, Brexit, and Scotland again:

When the European Union was forged, he wasn't a founding member, he wasn't even a member until later. And even when he joined he did it half forced since he wasn't so excited to enter in. The reason was simple: the European Union, among other issues, proposed mutual aid between countries, and he didn't want to help anyone.

When he finally decided left the European Union, it was for the following reasons:

-the European Union is in a severe crisis, with very affected countries, such as Spain, Greece, Italy, etc. and the truth is that he, with his intelligence, knew that he didn't want to risk helping, besides not wanting to. That was why he decided to left, as always, one step ahead of others.

When the referendum took place if Scotland left the United Kingdom, England almost died of fright. If his brother left, he was going to take with him many resources that were indispensable for England. For his luck, and the frustration of Scotland, which always wanted his freedom, he had to stay with England a little longer. Although there is always the fear that the day will come when his brothers will be freed from him. If fate is fair, someday they will.

-The Network of England and the one who had never stopped being the master:

His son was the owner of the world, they said. The United States was the leader, the one who decided, they said. England was no longer an empire, they said. And he smiled at those affirmations. It was true that his son was powerful, more than anyone, he was influential, but he only followed orders. He defended the interests of others, and those interests were his interests as well. It was him. He told him what to do, he gave the orders. England.

He still had colonies, even his children responded to his interests, not for nothing there is the Commonwealth. The United States was the militarized arm of Europe, and he, England, was the head. He who had never ceased to be the master of the world. Israel was a close friend, which was the financial center of the world. He had a vast network of power that had never vanished. He, France, Israel and the United States, but above all, he was the one to whom they all responded. He was definitely the biggest of all empires.

What the United States did had been approved and said by him.

Actually he was a big leader since the United States obeyed him in almost everything. Many consider that England is manipulated by the United States or vice versa, but in reality it is he who commands most of times. Everyone in Europe knows it.

And despite all the many changes that could affect him throughout his life, and all that he has realized and could change, there is something that England fell in love and attachment that he could not leave: the power and the imperialism. Whenever he can he seeks the power, and whenever he can he will seek to possess. That is his philosophy of life, according to him, that is his end.

England focuses on power, money and trickery because that is what he has always done and doesn't know how to do anything else. Deep down him fears that if he stops doing it he will discover that he was doing evil when he could have done good things. This would kill him in life. And he prefers to continue doing what he knows how to do before facing up to his mistakes and realizing his harsh reality.

And England continues, perpetuating his suffering and that of others, believing that that is all in the world, just because it is all they know. And after all this, Arthur wonders if his mother would be proud of him.

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Phrases in German:

* What's wrong with you, little whore?

French phrase:

* "No matter how many times you try to say you're a gentleman, you're polite and noble, we all know this is not true, you were a vandal, England, a saboteur, you always are, and before that, you were a drunk boy thrown in the mud, whores and noble wars on your little island, and I can even smell the gin, blood and mud you were born in. "

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I think this is getting longer, I'm really sorry.

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Bibliographic Sources: Wikipedia Attachments. Documentaries. English literature (literature teaches a lot of history).

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In my country, there are a lot of foreigners, Americans (unitedstatesian, lol), Germans, and many English. That's why I have friends from England, and they obviously guided me a bit on the subject.

Movies that I saw to put me in context (movies mostly centered in England): Robin Hood, Braveheart (of both Scotthish and English history) Master and Commander: The Far Side of the World, Pride & Prejudice (2005), Out of Africa, War Horse, The Wind That Shakes the Barley (about Ireland but where England has an important role), V of Vendetta (I know it's sci-fi and it has nothing to do, but since it's set in London and a UK simbol, I put it), Pride. They are few movies centered in English history, if anyone knows of any more can tell me.

Music that inspired me: Scarborough Fair theme, Twist and shout of The Beatles, Come Little Children song (yes, really), Davie Bowie's songs, gone ioanna gika, Clint Eastwood (Gorillaz), soundtrack of Harry Potter, Oasis's songs, The Rain of Castamere (this theme reminds me of him completely), Shout (Tears for Fears), Don't mess with me, Sweet Symphony, Hymn for the Weekend, As the world falls down and Within you (David Bowire), Englishman in new york, You're somebody else (Flora Cash), Running Up That Hill (Kate Bush), etc.

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Well, I really hope you enjoyed it. Soon I will upload another chapter of another country.