And the Story of Each One

by Fomalhaut16

Summary of the history of the countries. Because history is the story of their lives. One chapter per country. Historical Hetalia.

6. France

Disclaimer: Neither Hetalia nor its characters belong to me. They are property of their author.

This is a 99% historical fanfic. This is basically a summary of the history of each country. Today I bring you to France~

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Clarifications:

- The Germanic tribes are children of Germania.

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- New characters:

-Gaul: personification and representation of the Gauls Celtic peoples; then a Roman province. She is mother of France.

-Frank: personification and representation of the Franks, an ancient Germanic people.

-Lombard: personification and representation of the Lombards, another ancient Germanic people.

- Lotharingia: an ancient medieval kingdom. She was the adoptive sister of France and the Holy Roman Empire.

-Norman or Normandy: representation of the Normans (men of the north, Vikings) and Normandy. He was the uncle of France and England.

-Vatican: As I said, I call it that because I did not know how to name it. He would be the representation of the Christian Religious Institution. Not the Vatican City itself.

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As I said, this is basically a summary. If one wants to internalize more about certain topics, I recommend that each one study on their own.

Now yes, enjoy it!

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France

-The beginning:

In his most remote beginnings, France, or what would be known as such, had been born from Gaul and the Roman Empire, after her mother was forcibly romanized.

In the days when Gaul was a Roman province, the small and weak child spent all the time with her, who always told him stories and legends of her people before his father Romanized her. He had always been fearful of his father because he had known his brutality, but in reality he always wanted to please him and be worthy of him, but he looked insecure and sad about the little interest he showed on him.

During those remote times he met other children of the Roman Empire, the one who would be known as Spain and the little northern Italy. With the future Spaniard the little Gaul forged a strong bond, and although he also professed love for the Italian, he was sadness when the Roman Empire forbade them to see each other, and from that moment he didn't see the Italian until much later, and when they returned to see each other again they were different, he would be different.

When his father and mother lived, he didn't mean anything, he was an empty idea, but he would be, his mother knew.

The figure of his mother always seemed melancholy to him. She had once been free, but she was not free anymore. But from his mother he learned a lot and always admired and loved her more than his father, for whom the little Gaul felt a mixture of resentment and admiration, and there was a day when, suddenly, he disappeared. His father had disappeared and he would never walk on earth again. And he felt contrary emotions regarding this. He felt disappointed that he could never show himself or be appreciated by his father, but at the same time he felt happiness for his mother, since now she could be free. But the death of his father meant that his provinces, like his mother, soon would died too. The idea filled him with sadness and despair. And his mother died, leaving him deeply sad and desolate. But she, that although the Latin blood ran through the veins of her son, she love him and knew that he would be her continuation. Now he was the people of the Gauls, he was Gaul. But the little one was left alone.

-The Franks:

After the fall of the Roman Empire, the area that was once the Roman province of Gaul, his mother, stopped being administered and the little boy was left alone. The solitude was devastating and soon he trembled with fear when the Germanic tribes, now without containment, began to invade the rest of Europe. The little boy got out of the hands of some Germanics, but soon he too would inevitably be invaded.

By the end of the fifth century, while the Italians were invaded by the Ostrogoths, and before knowing thst one tha would be England and before he suffered the Anglo-Saxon invasions, the little Gaul was invaded by the Franks, a Germanic tribe.

The Franks were a Germanic people that already since the fall of the Roman Empire were advancing on the Gallic territories.

Soon he was surrounded by the Franks who invaded him, and it was there when he met Frank personally.

Despite being scared and miserable by his fate, Frank decided to spend time with the Gaul and join him instead of killing him.

In the times with the Franks, the insecure personality of France was dissipating, not feeling alone anymore. Frank impregnated to him part of his mocking and extroverted personality, aspects that France took. His being and life changed rapidly, and he stopped seeing the invasion of the Franks as something negative, since the Franks came to have a strong influence on him.

The Gauls Romanized with time had to accept the Germanic presence in Gaul and he ended up becoming very close to them.

With time, Frank began to join the young boy. The Franks were a great influence for him, and soon the two cultures, that of the Gauls and the Franks, ended up uniting, generating unification in him. Before joining him, Frank told him his name, for the first time he had one. It would be remembered forever, he was no longer a Gaul only, he was not his mother, he was France, which mean land of the Franks in Latin. Although he wasn't known by this name until later.

When Frank had joined him, France knew now his blood flowed in his, they were united and France vowed to always remember him.

But from that moment the young France didn't have time to skimp on anything else, since he would begin to lead a life of wars, power struggles, and finally, religion, which would mark his destiny and his being for posterity.

-The Merovingian's and the Birth of the Nobility: The Mayor of the Palace:

France, although he still didn't have that name, began to be formed as such, but he was marked by traumatic events that haunted his life, like everyone else. He was approached by issues of power and betrayals, politics and wars. His life began with a stressful and anguishing, as well as evil quarrel that would continue to mark him throughout his life.

Once the first Franks dynasty had settled, the Merovingian's, France was baptized under the Christian religion for the first time, and this religion would not take long to drain into his blood to the point of drill his mind and making him a bit fanatical. Christianity went deep into the heart of France, and there it stayed. Although at the beginning he had a deep understanding of this religion, France did it for the sake of intelligence, knowing that it was what suited him, although much later, he would love this decision.

The political life, the kings, the wars, the betrayals, the adultery, all this would stress and negatively mark the infant France, who, when he could, escaped from that traumatic and difficult childhood.

In one of these escapades, while walking in the wood, he met a boy like him, smaller, who was offering him a bouquet of flowers. At first, France felt bewildered, but then he realized that the boy thought he was a girl. At this, France laughed and mocked the confusion of the child, who felt shame and discomfort. After a while of mocking and laughing at the child, who didn't stay behind and counterattacked highlighting his feminine aspect of France to justify himself, he went back to his home but not before saying goodbye to the boy, who obviously had felt aversion to him. This was how France and England met, although none was as yet. Despite being mocked at the child, France felt sympathy for him, and even saw him as a friend. From that day, every time that France felt stressed, distressed, desperate or upset in his daily life, escaped to the wood, where he always found him. In the background France envied the quiet life still carried by England and his brothers, before the Germanic invasions. Even so, over time, and when England was invaded by the Angles and Saxons, their encounters diminished, to the point of not being met unless it was for negative reasons. In those days, France couldn't imagine how terrible that Briton boy would be for him in the future.

And simply, one day, he didn't find him anymore, and it was there, when with a certain sadness, he knew that the little Briton had been invaded. Although they met sporadically and their ambiguous friendship remained, their relationship would never be the same as time progressed.

In the midst of the Merovingian dynasty, France incorporated the coquettish and proud personality into his being. In those days France began to use long hair to imitate their kings, and never again used another hairstyle. However, and despite this, the life of France was dark and perverse in his environment.

The first Frankish king of the Merovingian dynasty was Clovis I, the first king of France, who converted to Christianity with him to avoid problems with the Vatican, who was growing in power. When the Merovingian monarchy rose in him, the concept of the State or "public good" inherited from the Roman Empire disappeared, giving way to what would be absolutism in the medieval feudal era.

The Merovingian's were their "advisors" during the fifth and eighth centuries, and during that time the young France loved them, and there was a legend (which he liked to believe), which said that the Merovingian's were descendants of Jesus because they they came from the house of Benjamin. France, with his growing religiosity, liked to believe this and feel more special. But when the problems with the Merovingian's began to emerge, it was already clear in France's mind that power in that world was everything.

Those known as "the mayor of the palace" were advisers to the Merovingian kings, and with the passage of generations, they were weakening and gaining more power than the kings themselves. These "mayors" were later the famous nobles, the dukes, the counts, the marquises, etc., this kind of nobility being born in France himself. These divisions of power occurred mainly since the kings had the habit of distributing large private extensions of land among their children, beginning with a kind of nobility, apart from the councilors and their privileges, consequently causing different wars and massacres between factions were inherent in this.

While France was conforming himself, at the same time it was innovating everything that would be western culture.

With these nobles, plus the delicate political situation, the reign of the Merovingian's was coming to an end, the first and beloved kings of France.

-Charles Martell, the Knights, and the Carolingians:

For those times, France, in addition to his own problems that seemed increasingly unsustainable in the Merovingian dynasty, began to worry and feel panic about the Moors, the Muslim Arabs, who were growing and expanding in large numbers.

The Muslim Arabs had a great influence in the Mediterranean Sea, they were organized, numerous, and above all professed an abrahamic religion different from Christianity, the Islam, who according to them, had arisen to rectify Christianity. France had long been a passionate Christian, but never, deep down, had he understood Christianity. With his Christianity and certain desires for power, seeing the power of the Muslim Arabs, him, and the rest of Christian Europe didn't like it very much.

It was in those days that he met Charles Martell, one of the king's mayors, who led France to a famous battle, one that would mark him bigly and further define his identity. The Battle of Poitiers, against the advance of Muslim Arabs in the year 732, not only marked France, but gave birth to heavy cavalry, the famous knights of the Middle Ages, who, in a certain way, with this battle, were created in France, giving this other "merit" in his great influence on the culture of the West.

Before the battle, led by Charles Martell, France was fearful and terrified, but Charles Martell gave France for the first time a heavy sword, put on armor, and harshly told him that after the battle, he would be baptized, after the battle, he would stop being a child forever. And despite the fear of France later, when it was over, France stopped being a child. The blood of the battle impregnated him, staining his hands and face, while he came his sword carefully and never again was a boy. He became a young boy who had become accustomed to the war and tempest of life. France beat the Muslim Arabs strategically that day, and he felt baptized under his blood.

Now, for his admiration and victory, France favored Charles and his descendants.

It was during these times that the first types of nobility and noble ranks derived from the "mayor of the palace" began to occur in France and then in other places under his influence. The knights and heavy cavalry were fully defined during the decisive battle of Poitiers that defined France, but also, therefore, the rest of Europe. And France, slowly, was defining, molding and imposing slowly structures of power and military, being he, indirectly, a big influence for what would be the Western culture in the Middle Ages. If the Roman Empire had been the basis of Western culture, then France was definitely one of its most important pillars, and it's logical since France, is, the eldest son of Rome.

-The Carolingian Empire, Charlemagne and the Treaty of Verdun:

With the victory of Charles Martell, and the power that his sons would have, plus the decline of the kings and the Merovingian dynasty, France decided to fully support Pepin the Short, Charles Martell's youngest son, so that he usurped the throne. But no matter how hard they searched for the way, they could not find a way to legitimize a blow to the Merovingian's. Until France laid eyes on Rome, there was the key.

In Italy, the Vatican was isolated in Rome for fear of the invasion of the Lombards, who invaded Italy and became his. It was there when everything fit. France wrote to the Vatican asking him that if he helped to reduce Lombard, with the great power of the Carolingians (House of descendants of Charles Martell), he would legitimize the usurpation to the throne of the Merovingian's by Pepin the Short. Obviously, the Vatican accepted.

Young France armed himself with sword and armor, mounted his horse, and led the army to Italy. He would see his little brother again.

Cruel and bloody was the battle between France and Lombard, while the young Italy watched in astonishment. But France, who was young and by far the most powerful kingdom in Europe at that time, won. And with a war cry he claimed northern Italy. He was happy in those times. Life seemed to favor him; he had energies, counselors, and as the others were still in difficult trials, he was the only powerful kingdom. After the invasion to the north and center of Italy, as much the north as Lombard was under his power, without being able to protest. France had changed, and looked at his little's Italian brothers with different eyes, he was no longer a naive child.

He was very enthusiastic about the Vatican fulfilling his promise, and to satisfy him even more, he gave him the central part of Italy, thus giving birth to the Papal States, under papal domination. For having defeated Lombard and having that, the Vatican legitimized the Carolingian coup d'état to the Merovingian's. France rejoiced and celebrated for this with his new king, Pepin the Short.

There began the period of the Carolingian dynasty, which took control of France, and he became one of the most important and influential political centers in Europe.

But in those remote times, France was not completely defined yet, and the few times he had been ephemeral times. It was not until Charlemagne arrived that what would be France was defined as France.

Charlemagne was the son of Pepin the Short, grandson of Charles Martell, and for France, for Europe, it was a before and an after. Charlemagne was something powerful and great to the eyes of France, who looked at him from below, with eyes of certainty and wonder at the same time. He learned a lot from him, but also, a lot of the evil that France would bring with him in his life, he also learned from him. France knew the greatness and the brutality of Charlemagne at the same time.

With Charlemagne, France was involved in military campaigns to Germania and beyond, where he met the pain and suffering mixed with the supposed greatness of his king and his religion. Charlemagne conquered and Christianized the few remaining pagan Germanics, and he did so brutally. It also led the young France to fight against the Slavs, and try to Christianize them too. In the presence of Charlemagne, France was silent.

France had always had an aversion towards non-Christian Germans, and even then, he didn't celebrate his king's victory over them. Charlemagne subdued the Saxons and the other Germans, forced them to convert to Christianity. France soon became the largest Christian center after Rome, not for nothing was he called the first nation of Christianity.

Soon, with the Christianization of the last pagan Germans, Charlemagne rose up as the Emperor Charlemagne, both of him, as for the little Germanic child who would be known as the Germanic Holy Roman Empire.

For all the positive and negative feelings that the young France could feel for Charlemagne, he admitted that it was he who had launched him to be completely the "elder brother of Europe".

During the Empire of Charlemagne, France had a development in arts and letters, in addition to becoming the axis of Europe.

It is said that one cannot or should not speak properly of France or what is known as France until after the Treaty of Verdun. In the Treaty of Verdun, in the year 843, the grandsons of Charlemagne divided their grandfather's empire. Not only was definitively defined what would be his final territory, but it was defined what would be the Holy Roman Empire and other future kingdoms and territories of Europe, so in a way, was one of the first steps to what would be known as Europe in the future. France was given to Charles the Bald; what would be the Holy Roman Empire was defined and given to Louis the Germanic, and a new kingdom was formed that divided them both, Lotharinguia (which at the moment would be Holland, Belgium and Luxembourg, etc), that was given to Lothair I. Thus they were divided and formed, and they looked at each other. France and the Holy Roman Empire exchanged a strange look, and soon they knew that their destinies would meet often. He, the young Holy Germanic Roman Empire and Lotharinguia were brothers now, but they wouldn't be treated as such. And that is how this these future European nations were formed. Thus, having a defined territory and identity, France would soon become an important pillar in the life of Europe.

With now the presence of the official personification of the Germanic Holy Germanic Roman Empire who now had the power over the north of Italy (thing that bothered him a little), France knew he would have competition. But even before the problems between both occurred, both had as objectives their sister, that one that was between both, that one that would be easy to eliminate, Lotharinguia. Both France and the Holy Roman Empire saw her as desires to seize her territory, wishing to tear off parts of her body and devour it in a short time. In a certain way that happened. When a Duke of Lotharinguia rebelled against Otto I of the Holy Roman Empire, he was replaced by his brother, Bruno the Great, who upon seeing the panorama decided to "pacify" Lotaringuia by dividing it into High Lotaringuia ( what would be the Duchy of Lorraine) and the Lower Lotaringuia, all this in the year 959. The young France, seeing the opportunity in the midst of that chaos, invaded her. This was one of the first cases of something that would become customary in him and in others as well, getting into other people's problems to get favored. But to his frustration, Holy Germanic Roman Empire would not let him keep her and soon besieged Paris. In the face of such an act, France had no choice but to back down.

-The Normans and the end of the Carolingian dynasty:

With the Treaty of Verdun, defining him territorially, with the help of Charlemagne conquering and converting to Christianity the sons of Germania, and fighting against the Slavs, added to his battles against the Moors, France began to define himself. Forerunner of the nobles and knights, his influence in Europe was beginning to become very strong. He went from being an insecure child under the shadow of his father to an imposing nation that was shaping what would be the future of Western culture. Confirmed originally by the Gauls, and now also by the Franks, in addition to a big devout fanatic Christian, France would gradually become the elder brother of the other European nations. Soon, France was considered the center of Christianity and called the major nation of Catholicism. Although before he didn't understand the Christian religion in its entirety, soon, and embraced Catholicism as if it were his own soul, no matter what. France was no longer a child, he was experienced in war, and somewhat hardened by his bloody experiences, but he still lacked some time to reach adulthood.

During the ninth century, France was one of the first kingdoms to be ravaged and brutally approached for long periods by the Vikings.

To the Vikings young France took a big fear, a terrible fear. His teeth shivering and his bones trembled when he heard their horns in the distance. Even so, every time he had to face them, much to his regret, he did so. Sometimes, when inevitably he had to face his great terror, young Denmark, France could even cry of fear and misery, but even so, although he always lost and was always on the verge of losing consciousness, he always went out to fight against them. He was bravery or simple stubbornness. The life where he was victorious and where he was untouchable was over, when the time progressed, more he realized what life was like in reality.

France was sad at the same time because his strange neighbor and friend, England, suffered the same, and several times they used to come together to talk about their sorrows or try to confront the Vikings together. But unfortunately, this could never lasts.

A moment arrived, more punctually in the year 911, where France, devastated and tired of the Viking invasions, had an intelligent idea: to fight against them would be useless since they would always come more, so France decided to appear before the Vikings and propose them a deal. France offered them part of him if they stopped invading and converted to Christianity, a requirement that France emphasized. To his surprise, they accepted. From that moment, those Vikings didn't return to Denmark or Norway.

Rollo was the leader of these Normans (Vikings) who accepted the requirements and was given what would then be the area of Normandy. When Rollo was told that he should swear allegiance to the King of France, Charles the Simple, kissing his feet, he considered it a humiliation, ordered one of his men to do so, and this, similar to his boss, didn't bend over but he took the king's foot and raised him to his height, making him fall. France was outraged and protested, but he had to accept the Normans or else everything would have been in vain.

And that's how Normand, or Normandy, emerged, who now, with his new French territory, proclaimed himself uncle of France, a statement that embarrassed him. Normand was now speaking French and was Christianized, but in reality he was a Viking. He practiced polygamy, which made France angry, and he didn't take Christianity seriously, only pretended it to not have problems. But over time, Normandy went "Romanizing" and was forgetting his Viking origin, although he was always characterized by being gross, abrupt, and with a huge desire for conquest. Whether France liked him or not, Normand became a great counselor and companion for him.

With the matter of the Vikings somewhat solved by his intelligent pact, France was relieved and rested.

However, soon in France things would change, and would take a course that would impact on him and throughout Europe when the great Carolingian dynasty had ended in power with the rise to the throne of Hugh Capet in 987.

-The Capetians, the Kingdom of France and the Feudal Monarchy:

The House of Capetians soon ascended to the throne, who would be the fathers of the great houses of most of Europe, France now having this other merit. When raising these, it would begin for France what is known as the Feudal Monarchy, an absolute monarchy that divides its power in feuds and territories, where the Church also plays its role. That was where the nobles in France got their big power, which later would cause him problems. Finally, in the year 948, under the Capetians and the Feudal Monarchy that pleased France so much, this one, excited and tearful with happiness, officially became a kingdom, the Kingdom of France he raised for the first time.

When the 10th century was about to end, in the year 1000 France and almost all of Europe went into a panic. All the kingdoms and ultra religious nations succumbed to terror as it was believed that the End of the World would arrive in that year. France, as a good ultra Catholic kingdom, went into panic and depression. He did not want to die so young; he still wanted to continue besides that at the last moment he did not take pride in his past actions. Desperate and in panic, he ran to England and confessed that his dream had always been to conquer him and if he let him do it in his last moments. England, although annoyed, also believed that the world was going to end and let France accompany him in his last moments, despite his constant childhood fights.

However, and to everyone's surprise, at the end of the year 1000, the world did not end. France was truly confused but happy, and England annoyed.

However, this happiness of France would be disturbed, and again his destiny would take a course destined to suffering. He had always been difficult for him to control Normand and that resulted in something that, when he knew it, when the news reached his ears, his heart leaped in anguish. When in 1066 Normandy invaded and conquered England, killing his Anglo-Saxon king and becoming King William now known as the conqueror, he knew that something in his life would never be the same again. When Normandy captured England and forced him to prostrate himself before him, France was present, merging into grief disguised as indifference. Suddenly, the young England looked at him, his eyes full of tears, and France would have liked to run away. Normand abruptly treated England, outraging him, beating him, but the Anglo-Saxon Briton was strong. And France was also defending all this with impotence. But both ended up breaking completely when Normand, with malice, ordered the young and beautiful France to own England. It was there when the French boy knew that England and he would never be friends again in life.

With a horrible sensation in the chest, France did it, to horror, anger and lament of England. And France kissed him deeply, closing his eyes tightly because of how uncomfortable and bad he felt all accompanied by the complaints and cries of the young English boy. So deep was that kiss, that the language of England changed. Having French influence, the English language was born as it is known. And England hated him from that day. He felt betrayed, outraged, raped and caged (since England passed to the power of Normandy and therefore, of France) for the French. France lamented the hatred and resentment that the look of England professed towards him. Life was cruel, he pressed. He had beaten him many times, but to take away his friend, to force him to do him badly, and for him to hate him, France's heart ached with sadness.

Normandy proclaimed himself uncle of England as well, and this became a political and even cultural bridge between them, for their attention, because even though they were now united for life, every inch closer to each other made their relationship they became more tense and poisonous. It was cruel. Everything was cruel, France thought.

In these times, where France was already conformed and growing his great influence, his religiosity became much more extreme and fanatical, fanaticism that would entail one of the biggest events of the middle Ages in Europe.

-The Crusades:

Beginning in the 11th century, the most iconic and bloodiest events of the middle Ages, the Crusades, would begin.

The Crusades, or "Holy War" was an religious and economic conflict that France led together with his younger brother, the Holy Roman Empire, among other Europeans nations.

At that time, despite the fact that France had been able to stop the advance of Muslim Arabs for some time, the Muslim world, was strong, imposing, and with a high look, something that made the European kingdoms restless. In addition, for some time, Muslims had almost monopolized the commercial routes of the Mediterranean Sea, among others, something that the Europeans angered. To France, who was one of the greats of Europe, too. Therefore, France and his leaders thought to convince the Vatican to put together a joint campaign to attack the Muslim Arabs and weaken them to keep them with their power, but to his surprise, someone had gone ahead. The little northern Italy had seen all this, tried to defend the interests of his maritime cities, convinced the Vatican to put together a joint military-religious campaign between the European Christian kingdoms to sabotage the Muslim Arabs. And Vatican accepted. He called France and the Holy Roman Empire, the masters of Europe, and summoned them to lead their armies to "recover" the Holy Land for them from the "evil" Muslim hands. That was the excuse, added to that the Vatican accused the Muslims of assassinating pilgrims, and soon, almost all Europe was revolted and boiling to march towards the Near East, towards Jerusalem. Everyone, Europeans Christians, Muslims, and Jews, all met in Jerusalem to "recover" the Holy City.

But for them, the Europeans, in reality, in the end this was only an excuse, since what they really wanted was to control the flows of trade from the East. Everything was questions of interests, hidden by religiosity. To France this sometimes away at him, but he had to do it since the idea of controlling trade even seduced him more than owning Jerusalem itself.

Onslaught of fanatical Christianity and their hidden commercial interests, he and the Holy Roman Empire, among others, marched and began this war that filled them with pride, which would mark a before and after in the religion and the war history of the knights, but that would be cruel, unjust and evilly justified. Despite the fact that in this war, many European powers united, in fact everyone was attentive since at the end of the war they would be debating and there would be other wars between them to control and own what they had won in this Holy War.

Although at first, in the First Crusade, the victory was Christian, things would change there in the wars of the East. Whether it was against Muslims, Jews and Orthodox, France was blinded by fanaticism and didn't speculate on any that he murdered. But soon his pride would diminish, and his intelligence, although somewhat overshadowed by extreme religiosity, would make him see what this war meant and would entail.

Something in the Middle East made France feel strange, so far from his cold home. So different was there, Jerusalem, but at the same time, with great regret, he saw that people were people wherever he went.

France during the full Crusades, at the height of his religious fanaticism, founded the abominable Inquisition, in 1184, which would scatter and prosecute him in many places apart from him. And it was there, when torture and prejudice without reason became an institution.

The times of the Crusades were his highest point of religious fanaticism, but from there it began to diminish and to realize and to become disenchanted with religion, although he did not leave it.

When, in the Third Crusade, England joined them, France had to put aside his differences and fight together, although it was very difficult for them. The annoying and arrogant personality of England exasperated France, who was more mature than England. The English teen hated him for everything that had happened to him since he had been invaded by Normandy, and France was beginning to hate him because he hated him.

When England proclaimed that he and his illustrious King Richard the Lionheart would regain Jerusalem, France simply withdrew, tired and wishing to be away from England, because he knew that the hatred and complex that he had was his fault. In spite of everything, and in spite of which he began not to support the English also, he didn't hate him still.

It was even strange. France esteemed his king, Philip II, and this, in turn, esteemed and loved the King of England, Richard. Richard remained with Philip, the King of France, who so honored him for so long that they ate every day at the same table and from the same dish, and at night their beds did not separate them. And the king of France loved him as his own soul, and they loved each other so much that the king of England was absolutely astonished and the passionate love between them and marveled at it.

The Crusades lasted 195 years, although France exited exponentially because of fatigue, resignation, and because his rivalry with England was already swelling, to which he paid more attention. In the end, the Crusades were a waste of money and in vain, since they could never recover Jerusalem and the Muslims ended up winning. When his friend Spain and Eastern Europe, like Hungary, joined the Crusades, he retired leaving the work.

When he decided to leave and leave the work of the Crusades in other hands, England went to see him in the stables, while France was preparing his horse to leave. England approached him mocking him and when he least expected it, he threw France to the ground, unprepared, and kicked him in the chest, breaking a slug. He ran from there and France, with pain, had to decompose slowly. It was a very costly kick.

Even so, the arrogant attitude and contempt that England treated him to reach the Crusades made France, annoyed, to leave, became an accomplice of Austria when this one, time later, kidnapped the King of England, Richard. France hated Austria. France had always felt beautiful and flirtatious with his Merovingian mane and his pleasant way of being, but Austria was on another level. His cold beauty returned to France crazy with jealousy. France wanted him terribly. He was said that if he was going to marry someone, it would be only with Austria. And at the same time he hated him and he could not stand him. And at the same time he liked to be close to him, at the same time he made him sick. Austria was powerful, beautiful, and the financial center of Europe in those times. Everything made France want him with passion and hate him to death at the same time. Because of this, and because England was beginning to tire him, he supported Austria in the kidnapping of Richard, although later he would regret it.

-The Battle of Bouvines and the Hundred Years' War:

After the Crusades, and after the precarious situation in which England was left after having to pay the military companies, and the sum of the rescue of Richard the Lionheart, the situation between both was tense. When France noticed, England was staring at him with a very bad face. But France was tired and would make all those tensions end at once. Because of his vulnerable situation, France took away Normandy (who had already disappeared when he joined France), and took away Aquitaine among other possessions, leaving England reduced to the island. France felt entitled to those lands, in addition, had taken them from his king because he didn't administer them correctly, so he felt in his right, and he didn't care much about England, since he knew that he could not against him.

But England, furious, set out to recover and recover what France had taken from him by allying himself with the Holy Roman Empire against France. The French could only laugh a little, he could against both. It was thus, that in the year 1214, when England and the Holy Roman Empire marched in front of France, there was the famous and decisive Battle of Bouvines, which marked the course of the three boys.

In the battle, France looked with some pity on young England, who moved with anger and hatred towards him. France won on him as if it were a dance. England was filled with frustration, and the Holy Roman Empire wounded and sick until the end of his days. France had been able to both. And with the decline of the Holy Roman Empire and the withdrawal of England, he took hold more as the most powerful power in Europe, although at a high price, because the battle left thousands of casualties and also left him hurt.

To be an infallible power in Europe again, England became tense and enraged even more.

Soon, for those possessions that France had taken from England, a series of diplomatic conflicts between them began. On the one hand, France asked him to return Aquitania if he admitted to being his vassal. This made England vomit of disgust and to him, it made him smile with satisfaction. On the other hand, England intended to stay with Aquitaine and delimit the sovereignty of the King of France in favor of his interests, which France saw completely unfair. In addition to all this, their relations were about to break because France openly supported Scotland in his war of freedom against England, which annoyed the English greatly. If anything England hated, it was that France got into their things. But France had insisted on playing the game, tired of ignoring the hints of the English.

Throughout the thirteenth century, France and England began to isolate themselves and fan the flames of what would be the longest war they held. Soon, at the end of the century both began sporadic military campaigns, but finally, in the fourteenth century, in 1337, King Philippe VI of France decreed again the dispossession of King Edward of England from this dukedom, organizing a military campaign to take these lands by force. France was serious but England smiled. The war had begun.

France believed that this conflict would last a short time that England would dry up, but that war would go down in history and define their rivalry forever. France still at that time didn't hate England so much as to sustain such a long war with him, he considered him despicable and gross, but had not come to hate him as strongly as for something bigger. Different was the case of England, who hated France with passion, and would do everything to hurt him and get rid of him.

The war began in 1337, and it would last a long time, long enough for their relationship to get worse, but to narrow at the same time. He started winning England, winning the decisive battles of Sluys, Crecy, Calais, and Ardres, since France was not ready, and during the beginning of the war, France matured resigned himself to his initial defeats.

The war was not a continuous struggle but isolated battles in the form of partisan warfare.

Over time, both France and England began to exasperate each other. England was frustrated by the insistence of France, which despite losing always, never gave up. While France began to really bother the deplorable attitude of England, which, by war saw followed often. Finally France came to the conclusion that two people together too much time is impossible that they didn't come to hate.

France, when he began to take the war seriously, allied himself with his best friend Spain at that time known as Castile, and as a result England allied with Portugal, younger brother of Spain. Spain (Castile at that time) was his best friend forever, and he knew that he would leave everything for him, in a way, it was easy for him to manipulate, but he knew that his help would benefit him. France also allied himself with Venice (northern Italy), with Scotland, who was also at war with England, and also allied with Aragon, the fiancé of Castile (Spain).

The time continued prolonging and extending, and France, as much as England, reached a point where they hardly remembered anymore because they fought, while they continued to do so, completely accustomed to it. Soon, and suddenly, the fifteenth century had already begun, which surprised France.

A moment arrived, where France, after losing again against England, arrived at his home hurt and tired, added to his suffering the consequences of the war, which all suffered, seriously considering surrendering, cursing England for it.

Still, France wanted to continue with his life apart from the war, but soon he knew he could not do it. Once, while he was at a party, drinking, dancing, singing the famous French song Turdion, the English attacked them. It was there when he sighed in resignation.

When the Black Death hit Europe, the situation worsened for them. Sick, tired and injured, France could only cry. In one of his temporary truces, France went to see England, who was lying under a tree crying with anger. When France saw him, he could not help but laugh at how tragicomic England was. Due to the plague, England had a black spot on his face, on his lips, which made him appear to have a mustache. France laughed as he had not done in a long time, but he was not well either. Black spots began to cover his hands and he felt himself dying. England had said that God hated them and that this was a game for him. France refused to believe it. Desolate, crying ran to a hill and knelt looking at the sky while crying with despair and printed: "S'il vous plait, Monsieur. Pardonne-nous Ceci est ta fureur, parce nous avons été de mauvaises personnes, de mauvais frères, des meurtriers et des menteurs. More pardonne à l'Angleterre, pardonne-nous. Au nom de tous, nous allons changer, pardonnez-nous. "* But France in the end little believed that they would be pardoned.

But even so, the terrible plague didn't kill them, and he didn't keep his promise. Nothing changed in them. The war and the killings continued.

Once, while France planned an ambush for the English, with some pleasure he ordered that, when they captured the English, who had a reputation as good archers, cut off their middle finger. France imagined himself cutting off England's finger, a beautiful image for him. But to his bad luck, England discovered this and tricked the French by attacking them by surprise. And to make fun of his failed plan, he raised his middle finger, along with his boys, in front of the French, and as they laughed. It is believed that this was how the "Fuck you" came up. France looked at the really annoying scene. Seeing the face of England mocking him didn't please him at all.

But something would change and it would mark the course of the war, and it would influence France for the posterity of his life and personality, besides being the reason of which France really hate England since that: Joan of Arc.

-Joan of Arc:

When for France everything seemed impossible, brought as by the wind it seemed a girl who appeared before his king and he, who were hiding in Reims. When France saw her he was stupefied and in a trance, and when he saw how she was kneeling in front of his king saying: - "Majesté! Le Roi des Cieux m'a commandé de vous emmener au Trône" *, her words pierced his heart like a spear . It was Joan of Arc, and France found her strange and deeply beautiful, surrounded with an aura of spirituality that derailed France. He was constantly restless and deeply worried about Joan, for him, she was something strange and beautiful, although he couldn't explain why. He considered Joan a gift from God.

Joan of Arc won the Battle of Orleans against the English, and led France to his first decisive victory. When he took France to victory against England, France overflowed his love and didn't hesitate to confess his love. Until then, France had never fallen in love before. He was sultry and flirtatious, but still not romantic. Until he met her, and his soul was filled with an overflowing love and love for his figure, for what she represented for him.

France always got upset when England made fun of him when he was defended by a girl, but he had not the slightest idea that England was plotting about it.

While France enjoyed his sudden new victories, England plotted against Joan, and he wished with all his soul to finish her, blaming her for his new condition of loser in the long war.

Without France knowing, Joan of Arc was handed over to England by other Frenchmen envious of her victories, because after all, Joan was a woman, and she was only seventeen, a shame to them.

When France heard about this, he went into despair and panic. France suddenly discovered how much he knew England, and he didn't doubt that he would do something bad to Joan of Arc.

When England, with much joy, accused Joan of witchcraft and condemned her to the stake, France, in tears, ran desperately to rescue her. While he was doing it, in his heart he begged England not to do it. He ran, and ran, falling and rising back. However, he could not arrive. When she died in the fire, France burst into tears and into immeasurable pain. Torn, he felt disgusted by the world. Pulled in the mud, terribly hurt, scream tearing his grief. He even felt a grudge against god for the first time, blaming him for not saving Joan somehow.

From that moment on, big things marked France: it was from there that he finally succumbed to a complete hatred and obsession for England, equaling the feeling of him. From there, France turned his world around to harm, fight and argue with England, for this act that never forgave him. And from there his romantic, perverted, and promiscuous personality worsened. Results of a failed love, of a loss, of a big feeling that he could never be given. From that moment, France became obsessed with love, and he want to give that feeling nailed in his chest to everyone around him, he want to give. Although it was not love, just desire. France could offer the world to anyone in an act of lust, and forget the promise and the person the next day. This became common, until becoming a feature of his way of acting. Sell false love, since he doesn't have a real one.

-End of the 100 Years War:

Once Joan of Arc was killed, and France had to face her death, he decided to honor her by winning the war. England thought that without Joan, he would have the lead again, but to his surprise, France attacked and fought as if he were a hero of legend. Although exhausted and devastated, France would never surrender until he beat England. And in his last battle, England saw how France, completely drained, was getting up again and fighting with a force that finally crushed him. The 100 Years War was over. After 116 years of war between the two, which defined their rivalry that would go down in history, France had won, albeit at a high cost. In spite of having won, just after the battle, he collapsed on the ground unconscious before the surprised eyes of England. England, who had accepted his defeat, knew that France was in worse condition than he in spite of everything, and left home leaving France with his fatigue and a bittersweet victory.

From that moment, their rivalry was defined forever. Both began to live just to bother, compete, fight and harm the other. However, France always knew that behind all that, England, as much as he, they desire each other terribly, and in that desire it would be where they would really be accountable.

-Renaissance and the Italian Wars:

When the Hundred Years War ended, France found himself in another era. The middle Ages were coming to an end, and great changes awaited them all.

And by the time France wanted to assert himself again as a great European power, he saw something he would never have believed to see. His best friend Spain, had "found" a continent beyond the sea, which was now his, had brought things from there, between silver and another, was suddenly the master of the seas and Europe and by marrying the powerful Austria. And it was there, when France opened his eyes and mouth of disbelief and indignation. His best friend, that naive and influential friend, was suddenly the most powerful, most powerful than his father even, France was filled with envy and jealousy, and suddenly, he no longer saw Spain as his friend.

His relationship with Spain had been linked forever. They had been best friends, party buddies, sexual partners, everything. He had loved Spain; he had considered him beautiful, and suddenly, all that was falling apart. And on top of that he had married Austria, the one that France wanted and hated. Suddenly, without Spain knowing it yet, France was moving away from him.

When the world began to become wider, with the appearance of the "New World" and the maritime axis in the Atlantic, and all of them changed, new currents of art and thoughts would soon flourish. When the young Italy invited them all to see his new art, his ballet, his music, his works, they were all amazed. How beautiful the human being was, France thought. The Italian Renaissance made everyone's hearts move, for a while. France looked at Italy intensely. Every part of his body, every movement he made, every word that came from his lips, he deeply desire him. He wanted Italy, he wanted his art, he wanted his riches, his trade flows, everything. And he continued to look at Italy with a smile, blushing.

When everyone returned to their home, everyone took some of the Renaissance art of Italy, and each one started their own. And with this humanist art, humanist and rationalist thoughts began.

The desire of France to possess Italy, who was weak to be only maritime cities separated from the rest of the peninsula, wasn't slow to be noticed. Spain saw the intentions of France, and soon their eyes met. Spain saw it as a competition between them with nothing to worry about, but France did see it as a very real competition. Spain didn't know it, but France considered him almost an enemy.

Finally, under the leadership of his King Charles VIII all marched to Italy with the intention of conquering the Kingdom of Naples (Romano). France was excited, but to his frustration, all the Italian states rose up against him, causing him to retreat. France was very angry, and with now anger and resentment, lashed out strongly against northern Italy, his little brother. With brutality, he attacked and conquered the Duchy of Milan. Soon to the contest in Italy were added Austria and Spain. When France began to attack the cities of northern Italian states, and he tried to resist, but France raged, ordered to kill with knives the citizens of the cities, which terrified everyone.

Soon, Louis XII was appointed Duke of Milan. France in passing did what he wanted in the invasion, looted, murdered, raped and burned. He even wanted to steal a part of the Last Supper, but was stopped by the young Italian. In reprimand, France looked at his young brother and hit him hard in the stomach, leaving him unconscious.

Italy was devastated by the French invasion, and France, ecstatic, soon claimed the Kingdom of Naples. France was agreed with Spain, who was happy to fight with his friend, but France planned to betray him. Even so, both conquered the Italian south. However, at the time of dividing the territory, France wanted everything. It was there when Spain learned that something strange was happening with France with respect to him. France attacked Spain, who easily defeated him. France had to leave, crawling, while Spain watched him seriously.

Even so, France possessed the Italian north, but soon this would not last either. Austria faced him. France was confident that Austria would be easy to beat, but great surprise when, at the Battle of Pavia in 1524, Austria defeated him. Humiliated, he was forced to return home without having won anything in his campaign in Italy, while the Italians were at the mercy of Austria and Spain.

But in reality, he was not left with nothing. When Leonardo Da Vinci went to him, with his most precious work with him, France knew that he had taken from Italy something very valuable, something that to this day, he still has not returned.

All this conflict was the Italian Wars, unleashed by the wishes of France and others.

When France returned home, frustrated in his defeat for not stay with his brothers, the Italy brothers, France was left with a burning desire in the chest of expansion and power. And soon, the image of Spain and England came to mind. He hated them both. France had not seen England for a long time since the end of the Hundred Years' War, he spent his life hacking Spain. And the Spanish always traveled to watch his little children in America. Suddenly, an idea crossed the mind of France and smiled. Soon, convinced, France and the most influential people of his house decided that it was time for a marine expansion as Spain did. So it was. France, meticulously, to annoy the Spanish, began to explore areas of America that were not under the hands of Spain.

It was thus, as wandering through North America, he discovered that the Spanish dominions didn't reach there. And France smiled. In 1534, investing money and time, France founded his first colony. As there were resources and minerals, the French companies were not slow to settle as well.

And it was there when France, for the first time, before his eyes, had a son. He had thought that nothing would ever be born of them, being so oppressive and invasive, in Europe there was no place for anyone else, but there, far away, that little son had been born from him and from America. When France saw him for the first time, his eyes shone, his crafty and greedy heart softened asit used to be in his childhood, and he smiled with joy.

When Spain had his own children, they had all looked at each other, and France, feeling diminished, had congratulated him falsely. But now, he had his own son, and called him, New France. Despite his youth, he felt ready and mature to take charge of the colony while paying attention to Europe. France, in spite of everything, had a strong paternal instinct, and loved the child. Even though not everything was beautiful. France displaced and murdered the Native Americans there to expand his colony, and tried to eliminate the Iroquois Confederation (confederation of Native American nations), when he expanded the territory.

France was direct, he didn't make false illusions to his son. He told him what life was like in reality and how the world worked, so that the child would be strong and face reality with maturity. France did it, according to him, because he loved him too much to lie to him in such a way, unlike his English neighbor and the education of his future son. Soon, France was good at colonialism, and soon reinforced his maritime army and he soon dared to enter the entire in completely Spanish territory, in South America. After some problems he got there with the natives and with Spain, he was also the father of the still French colony, that which would be known as French Guiana, his only daughter. In those time he was also father of his thrid son, Haiti, but his story would be tell in other time.

Over time he had some other settlements but Spain didn't allow him to get too excited over there. In addition, he was already satisfied with his colonies.

-Wars of the sixteenth Century and the Sun King:

When in the Renaissance the Protestant Reformation took place, when the Holy Roman Empire had to be converted to Lutheranism, and when the Anglican Reformation took place in England, France felt disgusted by them all. France felt more disgust for them, considering them totals disrespectful to religion, trying to get rid of it. But fate for them was like a canvas that went through all of them, and this canvas would bind and squeeze them. France soon became embroiled in more wars and slaughters that would mow them by making their lives a tragic quarrel.

If something was characterized the seventeenth century was that many events happened, political changes occurred, powers fell and rose, and the blood of people watered the fields of Europe. All this would mark the way of what would be the future for all.

The wars that made Europe cry and scream, and to France, were the following:

-Wars of Religions in France: the war, unleashed before the seventeenth century, between 1562 and 1598, made France a place of massacre, a place where intolerance was felt in the air, and France, for the first time and last once in his life, was someone else's battlefield.

When Protestantism arrived in France, he didn't really believe in converting or would reach power, but to his surprise, French Protestants were noted and he began to glimpse his future.

With the death of Henry II, Charles IV had to ascend to the throne of France, but because he was a minor, his mother, Catherine de Medici, was in power. And she allowed the Protestants to practice their religion in private, and it was there when France realized that something was very wrong. Without seeing it coming, the Catholics strongly opposed this and assassinated Calvinist Protestants in the Vassy Massacre. France couldn't reach to take sides, or that was he believed. Everything had been too fast and between the screams, blood and fire, the sides were beginning to form and it was there when he knew that he was only a battlefield. The Catholics were supported by Spain, who went personally to fight the "heretics". While the Protestants were supported by England who speculated his tricks against Spain in secret. It was there, when France, not knowing what to do or what was convenient for him, knew that he was just another battlefield for the rivals England and Spain. The worst of all was that France detested England and felt aversion towards Spain. And being just a battlefield, being used that way upset him a lot.

After the Vassy Massacre, a long war of religions in France began, which soon also became a political war. And France at times was allied with Spain, who was angry with him but still didn't hate him, hhad the hope of being as before. France was very Catholic but not as he used to be. Even so, he didn't like changing religion much.

In France, the streets and castles were bathed in blood.

When Charles IV came to power, there was the San Bartholomew Massacre. It is not clear who ordered the killing. It is said that it was Catherine de Medici, or Charles IX, or the simple ultra-Catholic citizens, but France, morning after the massacre, walked through the streets stained with blood and told of corpses. He looked at them all with regret, as if he had not gone through that before, as if he had not been in the kill.

Although he remained a fervent Catholic, the Protestants had the support of the Bourbon house, those who in the future would be his kings.

-Thirty Years War (1618-1648): this conflict was the defining conflict of religious wars, European powers, and everything that would happen later in European history. Covering the years from 1618 to 1648, it would ravage Europe and remove the pieces of the political and economic board, and for France, it would be the key to power.

The conflict began as a minor conflict between Protestants and Catholics in Bohemia, in the Holy Roman Empire, who tried clumsily and uselessly to keep the subject from getting out of hand. But to his dismay, the conflict was like a plague that spread throughout Europe and ended up involving almost all European powers. The issue began as something religious, but deep down, it became very political, as always. France was Catholic, but at the same time had very own interests. Spain and Austria were also Catholics, and yet he didn't see them as allies. Even within this context so bathed in religiosity, France did not consider them his allies. Soon, he observed Sweden, a new European power. Sweden was new and sought to expand his influence, just like him. And in addition, both wanted to demine the influence of the Holy Germanic Roman Empire. It was there where their eyes were searched and they saw some allies in each other. When Catholics and the Church came together to cope with the growing Protestant influence, France betrayed his fellow Catholics and allied with the Protestant powers.

The trigger for the war was the confrontation around religious freedom. But it quickly became clear that France and Sweden, the two great European powers, had well-founded political interests to enter the war: they wanted to expand their sphere of influence to the center of the continent and contain the power of the German emperor. For his part, the Holy Germanic Roman Empire should not only count on the participation of the great European powers in hostilities, but also consider the aspirations for greater autonomy on the part of the regional princes.

The Thirty Years' War took place primarily in the north and east of the Holy Roman Empire, where he left a horrendous trace of devastation. Millions of people, soldiers and civilians died, it was the massacre of the century. A massacre that even, was bigger than it would be the World Wars. And yet they and their bosses, with their own interests, with cold and evil hearts, didn't care. They killed and burned what they wanted, they would get it at any cost. And France would not lose the possibility of damaging Austria and decentralizing the Holy Roman Empire. In this war he fought along with England, a disconcerting thing, but neither he nor England, despite being on the same side, (France "supported" the Protestants and England was one), faced each other, or looked at each other at all. England was as disconnected. Despite being active in continental issues, it had been a long time since the Hundred Years' War that France and English were not seen each other often. England used to shut himself up or go to sea to sabotage Spain, and France thought about him from time to time. But he didn't care what the English was planned yet. And that was his mistake. If he had noticed what England was doing, perhaps, he could have achieved him, in his search for power.

Finally France believed the time came to intervene to ruin the House of Austria when the conflict was already begun and defined. The Minister of Louis XIII, Cardinal Richelieu, pushed his country to the conflict, sure of the final victory. France also allied himself with Saxony, with the Netherlands launched his armies against Austria and Spain, the leaders of the Catholic League. At the beginning of the war, Ferdinand II invaded France and won some victories, but Richelieu put Bernard of Saxony and the reckless general Chatillón at the head of his armies. The first one beat the Germans in Alsace. The second defeated the Spaniards in Arras.

For several years no side dominated the war of 30 years, and a change of government took place in the belligerent countries. In the Holy Germanic Roman Empire occupies the throne Ferdinand III, and in France Louis XIV came to power. Then the war could end. The French generals Touraine and Count, after sensational victories, put their armies to the heart of the Holy Roman Empire, and threatened to take Vienna, which was the capital and heart of the Empire. And faced with such grave danger, the new Emperor Ferdinand III preferred to make peace.

In this war, Spain lost much of his power, and France, along with his dynasty, the Bourbons, became, although for a short period, the main power of Europe.

When the Peace of Westphalia was finally signed, after the biggest slaughter that Europe would have known, was assured each of the citizens the freedom to choose their creed. Additionally, thereafter the subjects can leave a territory if the religion imposed by their rulers is not to their liking. This weakened the Catholic Church. Although this remained a powerful institution, Protestants and Calvinists gained big influence. The Holy Germanic Roman Empire was weakened, decentralized and wounded to death, little time remained. And France, emerged as the maximum power in Europe, reaping benefits from all that suffering. And he fulfilled his objective, the House of Austria ceased to be the political center of Europe, now, it was him.

-Franco-Spanish War (1635-1659): another war for France, against the one who over all, had loved the most.

This was a war that occurred within the Thirty Years' War, but that went on after it. During the context of the Thirty Years' War, France was boxed in. On the one hand, to the north, were the Spanish Netherlands, to the south was Spain, and there were French duchies Hispanophiles, so that France had more reasons to strongly wish to diminish the power of Spain. They became enemies during the Thirty Years' War, but Spain, considering him a complete traitor, and at the insistence of France, the war between them continued. When France attacked Spanish domination, Spain proceeded to invade him. The invasion was a success, alerting France, and Spain even reached the gates of Paris. But being far from the supply, he was forced to retreat and return to his domain. It was there when France again resumed, saw his chance, and attacked. To further harm his old best friend Spain, France allied himself with the United Provinces (Holland), who had been in rebellion against Spain for some time.

When the Battle of Lens took place, with the French attack and victory, France won the war. France maintained a personal rivalry with Spain since he was the lord of the world, since he had married Austria, since he had won countless times. And in his eyes, he was no longer his friend, because Spain also lost, with all this, the feeling he felt for France, now both detested each other with pain.

Finally the Peace of the Pyrenees was signed, where practically all were present to see, as Spain humiliated and hurt, accepted his defeat against the petulant of France. France received what it had always wanted, more land. He was definitely benefited. When Spain had to shake hands with France to close the matter, France felt an indescribable pleasure. Spain ceased to be the hegemony of the world. France was now the rule of Europe. But soon, he felt England's gaze on him. He and the English had been allies in all this without even meeting, and England was erratic and almost carefree of what the Europeans were doing. It was there when France learned that he was up to something and knew that if he did not hurry to find out, it would be too late. But still, many other wars were missing and France would get into all of them.

-War of Devolution (1667-1668): this was another war conflict led by France, due to his latent desires for expansion and to harm Spain. For this reason he invaded the Spanish Netherlands (also Holland), with the excuse that the dowry of the king's wife, Maria Teresa of Austria, daughter of the king of Spain, had not been paid. In this war, due to his delicate situation, Spain could not react quickly and could not stop the French invasion. Fearing that France grew too strong, the Triple Alliance was formed between England, Sweden and the United Provinces (Holland), to stop him. Despite facing England as in the old days, they didn't meet face to face.

The war had an ambiguous result. Spain had to recognize the independence of his brother Portugal but France, against Sweden and the satisfaction of England, had to advance on the Spanish Low Countries, which bothered him enough.

-Franco-Dutch War (1672-1678): Due to his frustrated desire, France secretly tried to convince the Netherlands to destroy the Spanish Low Countries, but the Netherlands flatly refused to attack himself. For having refused, France, with arrogance and annoyance, invaded and planned to assassinate him. To obtain support, he promised his rival England to give him portions of the conquest, and England, surprisingly, allied himself with France. France also joined Sweden. But Holland, desperate, sought the help of his hated tutor, Spain, and of France's other rival, the Holy German Roman Empire, who sent his younger brother Prussia to battle.

All these strange alliances occurred mainly because no one in the background wanted to see France as the master of Europe. And in spite of having allied with him, England left him in 1674.

All these wars occurred in the countryside and in the sea alike.

Finally peace was signed between the fighting estates, although France was the most favored obtaining territory from the Spanish Netherlands.

-War of the Reunions (1683-1684): of all the previous wars, France was acquiring territories. However, this brought consequences for Holland, Spain and the Holy Roman Empire. France, in the midst of these political-territorial disputes, decided to bomb and besieges Luxembourg, again antagonizing him with the Holy Roman Empire, Austria, Spain and northern Italy. However, everything stopped when the Ottoman Empire stormed in trying to attack Vienna. Despite stopping the bombing, France secretly encouraged the Ottoman Empire to continue.

France emerged victorious from this war.

- War of the Nine Years (1688-1697): Between 1688 and 1697, the War of the 9 Years took place, where France faced Spain, Portugal, the Holy Germanic Roman Empire, his traditional enemy Austria, and his rival of life England, Sweden, among others. This war had the peculiarity of expanding to affect even the American colonies. France felt bad about involving his beloved son in his own problems, but he was proud to serve his father.

In the war France invaded Catalonia, entering the war against Spain again.

The result of this war was doubtful; it is only known that France returned Luxembourg and other territories to Spain to improve his position there.

During the majority of this wars, France was ruled by the famous and powerful Sun King, Louis XIV, who led the monarchical absolutism to his highest expression, considering the kings chosen by God and completely unquestionable.

It was under the absolutist reign of Louis XIV that the term "l'etat c'est moi" (the Estate is me) arise, term of which France appropriated and summed up the reign and ideology of the king. This term is a political one attributed to Louis XIV of France, The Sun King, which is interpreted in the sense of identifying the king with the Estate, in the context of absolute monarchy. With this it's intended to remember the primacy of royal authority over the Parlement of Paris. This times were the most despotic.

Under his king command, France became completely arrogant, petulant and disrespectful, and made the grave mistake of really believing what Louis said about the monarchy. England saw this mistake and boasted about it. If France didn't understand the context of the world, he would suffer the consequences, and definitely he suffered it, in the eighteenth century.

Finally ended the seventeenth century, a century of conflicts in Europe where France was the protagonist. The error of France, which allowed himself to be carried too much by his potential power in Europe, was not to pay too much attention to England, who feigned interest in these conflicts only to cover up his great growth that would soon end the momentary European hegemony in France. By the time France rested and tried to observe England surreptitiously, his stomach turned upside down, because now, while nobody had been watching him, England was the power that had been Spain, and although he was the greatest power in Europe, France knew that it could change.

-18th century:

Beginning with the eighteenth century, these wars were already ending to start other conflicts. At the end of this century, something would happen to France that would make the balance of the world change forever.

By the time the eighteenth century began, France had great plans, but his destiny was already sealed. Blinded by monarchical absolutism, he was not able to see that was now the world, since the last centuries had begun to change. Those who really had power now, because of the mercantile capitalism of the time, were the bourgeois. Merchants, businessmen and bankers who were not noble, and began to see these as a big obstacle. England had known this for a long time and had placed himself at the service of these to avoid many problems, but France didn't understand any of this. England took some pity on him and warned him, but France had the theocentric idea embedded in his mind and did not want to change. That would take him to neither more nor less than to absolute change.

As much as the King of France had all the absolute power as in medieval times, there existed in France the so-called Estates General. The General States in France of the Old Regime were assemblies called by the King in an exceptional manner and attended by representatives of each estate: the clergy (First Estate), the nobility (Second Estate) and the representatives of the cities that had consistory (Third estate). This three "estates" were the Estates of the realm.

The king had unlimited power but if he asked he could go to the Estates General.

In those times, his rivalry with England was revived when horrified had realized that England had the world almost in his hands and had subjugated his brothers thus forming the United Kingdom. To counteract this, France undertook his own colonial and maritime plans so as not to be left behind and finally sought a way to strengthen his power even more in Europe. It was there when the opportunity presented to him: between 1701 and 1713, there was the War of Spanish Succession where the Spanish throne was when the last Spanish king of Habsburg gave the throne to the grandson of King Louis XIV of France. This angered Spain and Austria, beginning the war. The opportunity was perfect for France to strengthen his power and put Spain at his service so it was not long before they enthusiastically attacked the fight. In this war, France faced Spain, Austria, the Holy Roman Empire, Portugal and England, who refused to let France gain more power. France was ecstatic in frenzy as the idea, and the idea of separating Austria and Spain seemed deliciously juicy. But Spain fought with everything he could, and lost. To finally separate the Austrian and the Spanish, to see their sad faces, France came joy and pleasure it. He had always longed for Austria for himself, and never surpassed that his friend Spain had been the one who stayed with him.

France obtained his mission and the Spanish Habsburgs fell. The Bourbons were introduced as kings in Spain and this one was under the complete control of France.

In addition, France fulfilled one of his old dreams to take control of some of the Italy, now being the south Italy under his power. Everything seemed to be going in favor of him, but more and more he was heading towards that which would change France forever.

While France continued in wars and political disputes, those who conformed him began to get impatient, and the bourgeoisie of France began to look for ideas to be noticed.

When the French liberal thinker Rousseau exposed his thoughts in the Social Contract, the bourgeois and liberal intellectuals exploded in fascination. Rousseau said that the social order is a sacred right that serves as the basis for all others. However, this right is not a natural right: it is founded on conventions.

Rousseau affirms that when one reaches the point where the obstacles that prevent the conservation of man in the natural state are greater than the forces that each individual has, man finds in the union of forces in one direction the solution to maintain it.

The social contract was presented as the solution because it seeks to find a form of association that defines and protects with the common force the person and the assets of each associate, and for which each one uniting them all, does not obey but their self and remains like before.

In the social pact, each one puts in common their own person and all his power under the supreme direction of the general will.

With the Social Contract, which France completely ignored because he was guided by the desire of his kings, things in France began to shake.

Soon the Austrian War of Succession took place, in the years 1740 to 1748, when in Austria a woman came to power, Maria Theresa of Austria, France did not take in creeping into the war since he planned to harm Austria in some way removing land, besides that England had allied with Austria, a great duo, according to France, his traditional enemy and his lifelong rival. It was there when France met the leader of the grup, Prussia. At first France did not like him because he had a huge aversion towards the Germans, but soon, he soon became sympathetic to the Prussian. And another thing also changed in that alliance. To his surprise and tension, Spain was now with them. Spain hated him for everything he had done and France felt uncomfortable about having his enemy with him, but Prussia acted as a mediator between them, and as if the lakes years of struggle, death and betrayal had not existed, their friendship resumed. They returned, for a short time, to be the friends they used to be. To joke and collaborate, together with Prussia, to whom it was difficult not to love him. But in reality, nothing was real, the friendship lasted as long as the alliance lasted. And his friendship with Spain was nothing but an illusion. It was already broken and would never be the same again.

When they beat Austria, when Prussia enjoyed staying with Silesia, France enjoyed the scene but great was their annoyance to see Spain stop them and feel sorry for Austria. With great anger France saw that Spain and Austria still loved each other.

After the War of Austrian Succession, France was unable to take advantage of him when losing (which he always did when his enemy lost), and was frustrated by not getting any benefit. Austria, cunning, approached France and proposed to his former enemy to ally with him to counter the power of England, while he counteracted the power of Prussia, the new power on the continent. And the eyes of France shone but he doubt. His dream of allying with Austria, of having he for him became a reality, when he remembered and carried out the marriage between the Dauphin of France and Marie Antoinette of Austria. This union between these eternal enemies only altered and upset Europe. Pear for France, not everything was a bed of roses. Soon he saw the reality of his dream. His romance with Austria was cold and difficult, fragile as a crystal on a precipice. By more approaches than France tried to do, it was increasingly noticed that Austria hated him. France went out of his way to pamper him, but Austria had in mind to make him suffer. Soon France got tired and did not dissimulate more his discontent with him and his aversion towards his queen, Marie Antoinette, with whom he always exchanged poisonous comments and glances. When France saw that the ring of Spain hung from the neck of Austria, he knew that Austria was like a star unattainable to him. Like a lot of light, but cold like a gem. Unable to give him heat. His relationship with Austria was always on the verge of collapse.

It was during this time that France created Rococo art, which spread throughout Europe and other places as a new fashion.

When the Seven Years' War took place, between 1756 to 1763, France, Austria, Sweden, among others, fought against England, Prussia, Portugal, in a war that involved colonies and other non-European territories, such as Asia, American and even African colonies. The war was given by power, as always, colonial power, which began to become popular at the time. When England, of course, attacked the son of France and intercepted French ships, France didn't wait and a war was waged between them, but also between Prussia and Austria by the power of the Holy Roman Empire. As they were in a relationship, disastrous, but in one, France and Austria fought together, along with Sweden and Spain, since the Spanish was from the war of Spanish succession, controlled by France. Everything took something strange when Russia joined the war too. All this harmed third parties, as the children colonies of the powers, and colonial protectorates, as parts of India.

And despite everything, France lost. Losing this war fell very, very badly. Disillusion and pain was what invaded the being of France. And soon, he discovered completely that life was a constant malicious wheel, a wheel of suffering. When, as a result of the loser, England with pleasure, demanded to take away New France (Canada), the heart of France fell to the ground and broke like a crystal. See the smiling face of England, and see with the pleasure what he did, made the little esteem he felt for English disappear instantly. He begged and protested, but his reality was hard to realize that there was no turning back, it was irreversible. He would take his son away. England had killed Joan, her beloved, and now he was taking away his son. Life was cruel to everyone, because with guilt he knew, that England had a horrible life to be such a bad person, and partly because of his fault. Even so he hated him.

When he had to tell the boy, France took strength and didn't beat around the bush. He explained it to him as maturely as possible. But that made it maybe harder still. The boy understood, and although some tears fell from his eyes, he stood firm in front of his father, his real father, whom he would never forget. France burned him for the last time, and some tears ran through his eyes as well. But still, he took the boy's hand and with an infinite impotence he gave him to England.

France never forgave him. Never, and with pain in his chest, he swore that if he had the opportunity to do something bad to England, in spite of everything, he would not lose the opportunity. In addition, France lost his colonies in India, and he was very depressed and in a certain decline, very affected by the strong war.

After all this, which left France in terrible conditions, he locked himself in Versailles to escape from his reality, and didn't leave for a long time, being held back by the nobles and his ignorance of reality. In Versailles, he shut himself out of his problems, and became even more blind, thinking of his son whom he would not see anymore, and if he did, he would be another bad clone of England.

However, when he learned about the War of Independence of the United States, son of England, between 1775-1783, France didn't hesitate a minute, and went to take revenge on England for having taken his son. He thought he was causing the same pain that England provoked him. Losing a colony, losing an industry in his empire, losing resources, losing power, which was the meaning of losing a child for them, the walking countries.

France secretly presented himself to the United States, who was young and energetic, and helped him in logistics, in addition to providing weapons, to rebel against England. He learned about this, and never forgave France for helping his son to become independent from him. He felt the same anguish as France. He tasted a mouthful of his own medicine.

Basically, despite helping him and being friendly with him, France considered the United States an idiotic and indecent boy without possibilities in the world; in the future he would know that he was wrong. However, helping the United States in his independence caused big losses of money leaving France in a deep economic crisis, making him sick even more. His only consolation knew that his assignment was fulfilled. What a sad quarrel it was for England, to know that he too was suffering made his dark world a bit brighter for his perception.

Losing the Seven Years' War, coupled with the large sum that he spent helping the United States in his war, plus his depression at having lost New France, and having locked himself in Versailles without ever leaving, made France enter into a great economic and social crisis. This cluster of issues, coupled with the great advantage that England had, the presence of the strong bourgeoisie around the world, which threatened the absolute monarchy, and the enormous intricacy of France, would make a great event unravel in a radical way, one that would mark him and the world for all eternity, and would never be the same anywhere. Never.

-French Revolution:

Economic crisis, political crisis, social crisis, all this happened in France and more and more aggravated when the end of the eighteenth century approached. France could feel it, in his mind, in his chest, but every time he wanted to leave Versailles, the nobles held him back.

England knew what would happen, knew what would happen a long time ago. And he was waiting for this. He wanted to see what France would do next.

At first, when it was approaching, France felt a clamor in the distance, in the distant, but always never knew what it meant because to be among the ignorance of the nobles. Soon he began to feel a burning in his heart, his pulse accelerated, but didn't know what happened since the nobles kept him locked in Versailles so he would not see what was happening outside. But it was inevitable. France secretly fled Versailles, and saw it. He saw the pain, the anger and the despair of the people, those who created him, and heard his unbridled clamor. He didn't want to accept it, he refused completely at first. That could not be happening to him. At first, to remove the deep guilt that devoured his mind and soul, blame everything that happened to Queen Marie Antoinette, blaming her for having taken him to that extreme for her frivolity. But it was obvious that it was a lie, that she could not have been, that was much bigger and more extreme than his eyes had ever seen in him. Soon, he burst into tears and disconsolate crying as he accepted his own guilt: he had become intricately involved in an old thought in a world that was completely changing, a senseless absolutism that would end up falling by himself, as England had taught him, but he had refused to see, because of his noble and feudal form of being, something that had remained impregnated in him. Because of his indifference towards the people who died of hunger, eager with the king and the nobility. And for his lack of conscience in the middle of the economic and social crisis, after having lost the Seven Years' War, and having spent a lot of money helping the United States in his war for a personal revenge.

But France was intelligent despite everything and knew that all this had always happened in his people because of the nobility and that if they now took such power was for a single favor: the emerging bourgeoisie wanted to get rid of the nobility, and would use and finance a revolution to do it. The revolution of the bourgeoisie, France called it in his mind. But when France understood all this, he felt a huge anger and pain that went through his heart and his soul; it was the anger of the people and the desires of the bourgeoisie "of freedom". What freedom? Well, the freedom that the new rich wanted. Be them in power, market freely, benefit their own interests and get rid of the nobles.

But France didn't see the bourgeoisie yet; France saw nothing but revenge for all the evil they had done to him and the poor people. As if something moved him from the depths of his being, he didn't return to Versailles, and he became the revolution.

When the Storming of the Bastille took place in 1788, France ran with a gun in hand and everyone shouted as if their souls escaped from their chest: "Soyez libre, France! *

Strength of secrecy, and place without justice, the Bastille was the first meeting of the French Revolution.

It was not the first popular uprising, oh no. There were many upheavals and of many types in history, but this one succeeded.

The causes of the revolution are enough but connected and easy to see if the context is understood. Economic crisis for expenses in wars, especially the French Estate had debts for loans that contracted to finance the American Revolution. In addition, the storms of bad harvests were frequent. For these reasons, the state was bankrupt. At the same time, this crisis contrasted with the growing power of the bourgeoisie. Added to the chronic discontent in the peasants and lower classes by the "divine" absolutism of the rulers who shared wealth by expropriating them from the lower classes. When the bourgeoisie got together with the peasants, the revolutions soon burst, which sought as a political and social objective a constituent assembly, the constitutional referendum and the plebiscite, and establish a Republic.

The world began to open before the eyes of France to the point of not being the same person.

He took his former kings and dragged them to the enraged mobs, and it was there that he knew what their hatred and overflowing pain caused. He saw that the kings would be beheaded. Upon hearing it, something of his old self returned and he felt terror and horror. But soon, remembering what happened to seeing the consequences of their act, his fervor invaded him, to the point of him go to the guillotine to see cut the head of the king, raise and show everyone in a battle shout and tear.

Thus, France, in a frenzy and ecstasy of anger and emotion, wishing for a liberty that he never knew, that he didn't understand, but he wished, was hunting and decapitating his former executioners, the nobles. Not everything was easy for France, there was as much as anger and hatred, weeping and laments. But still, France had a clear mind, he knew what he wanted. Now he responded for others. And even though he was stained with blood to the teeth, the revolutionaries and France were organized. And soon, it arrived in France the song that would be his pride for life. With a heartbreaking shout of war, with fury and force, France shouted: "Tout le monde! Chante la Marseillaise! "*

And the Marseillaise resounded through the streets of Paris. That was the revolution, a change of scenery so great that it echoed around the world, and everything changed. It is said that France was born again, but not from the ashes, nor from the rubble, but from the blood himself spilled on the guillotine and the streets.

Thus, the Provisional Governments and the Constituent Assemblies arose for the first time in modern society, as a result and requirement of previous social revolutions, to replace not one dynasty for another or a form of government for another of the same feudal class in power, within the same social formation and of the same type of Estate, but to one historically dominant class on the other, to replace existing social relations (of lordship and servitude) and to their corresponding feudal or Estate class, for other new social relations (between the bourgeoisie and the proletariat), to which corresponds a new type of Estate: the capitalist State, in order to complete the new bourgeois social formation that has served as its base, in a more or less bloody process.

The French Revolution also confirmed that every historical passage from one social formation to another is not a continuous process but interrupted, with marches and counter-marches.

With all this of the revolution, many saw France as a hero, as a martyr, but his European colleagues saw him with disgust. Austria was angry and annoyed when they beheaded Marie Antoinette, and once again he became hostile to France. But he didn't care anymore. Everything before the revolution seemed pointless. Everything was almost strange, the only thing he regretted was that his son couldn't see him, see him free himself, see him run through the streets, see him bloody, but smiling. Running to his freedom. England saw France with eyes of feigned surprise, but in the background, he admired him even. Not everyone could have faced what France faced. But the moment came when he saw that his French neighbor started to scare him a little. He hoped that he remembered who he was, and that he would stop at least a little, that he would not dare to let go and go out and remove the whole world. To the horror of Europe and England, France stopped his revolution, as they had wished, but had transformed his revolutionary sentiment into a flame that sought to consume everything. And soon the blue eyes of France settled on all of Europe, and he look at them one by one, with a strange look. And when he arrived, Europe staggered and never became the same again.

-The First Republic, Napoleon Bonaparte, and the First French Empire; the Napoleonic Wars:

In 1792, the National Convention was given, where the First French Republic was born for the first time. The Frenchman was stunned and excited. Never in his life would he have imagined it, but he was proud. He liked the idea of being a republic. But he was inexperienced in the subject, and the only reference of republic was the Roman republic of his father. In spite of everything, France with nails and teeth tried to maintain his republic while the revolution continued, and at the same time had to face the threat of Austria and Prussia, who had combined to face him. In the eyes of Europe, France was a monster. He was always half-detested, but now much more. What he did was too radical, too much for them.

In the National Convention, which was the institution of the First French Republic, there were three parliamentary groups:: the moderates (to the right of the presidency of the assembly), the neutrals (in the center, collectively called the Plain or the Swamp) and finally the radical wing of the assambly (on the left: the Mountain or montagnards). The moderates were also called brissotins (followers of Brissot) or Girondins (by their place of origin).

The Brissotinos represented the bourgeois interests of the more developed provinces, and they wanted decentralized Estate. In addition, with regard to the foreign war, they were in favor of intensifying the war efforts of the nation because, according to them, it would unite the French more. Recall that the Convention decreed a massive levy of eight million people to deal with foreign powers. On the other hand the Montagnards and Jacobins and other related (Danton, Marat, Robespierre) were in favor of a centralized Estate model, with economic control and in which the emphasis was on the generalized social reforms. In addition, for them the most important thing was the consolidation of the Revolution and not the external war.

-Reign of Terror:

Once the First French Republic had been established and the Revolution was being carried out, these three constituent groups began their differences. The "mountaineers" (radicals, to the left of the assembly) and the "brissotins" (moderates to the right of the assembly) began to dictate how to carry out the revolution: the radicals defended the revolution from a social point of view and tending to socialism, while the Brissotins saw the revolution from the interests of the bourgeoisie. Soon, radical revolutionary Maximilien Robespierre put the Committee of Public Safety to power, and there the call by historians "Reing of Terror" began. The Reign of Terror was characterized by the brutal repression on the part of the revolutionaries through the use of State terrorism. This was the period of decapitation and blood. Even so, in spite of being a terrifying and bloody period, measures were taken that greatly helped the French people, above all the most poor ones.

During the power of the Committee of Public Safety, an ideology based on a new ideal France prevailed with the concepts of humanitarianism, social idealism, secularism and patriotic love for the "Republic of Virtue". Action was taken against corruption and hoarding and, on November 23, 1793, the Paris Commune and then those of all France, ordered to close every church and promote a revolutionary religion: the so-called Cult of the Supreme Being. This idea was born of the Jacobean Pierre Gaspard Chaumette and his followers. In addition, in the rationalist search for a unified and universal system, the Committee abolished the provincial and regional systems of weights and measures and created and formalized the Metric System.

Among the social measures that were in the Reign of Terror were:

Abolition of slavery Decrease in the term that must elapse between divorce and remarriage Equal distribution of inheritances that suppresses the privileges of the firstborn. Distribution of communal goods. Census of the indigent who will receive aid from the confiscated assets. Attention to the poor at home is organized. Draft Civil Code.

France supported them, and in spite of being afraid of them sometimes, and of considering Maximilien Robespierre a bit bloodthirsty, he admired him. Maximilien Robespierre, called the Incorruptible, said "Terror is nothing but quick, severe and inflexible justice."

They were bloody and horrible times for the nobles and opponents of the montagnards, but good times for the French people and the neediest. And France bathed in blood, was happy, smiling, and he didn't want to know anything about the outside world.

But all this period ends with the annihilation of the group of moderates in October 1793.

However, this period ended in 1794 when Maximilien Robespierre was accused of tyranny and the "moderate" groups ended with the power of the Committee of Public Safety and the dissidents of the National Guard. This event was called Thermidorian Reaction. From there, Maximilien Robespierre was assassinated before the eyes of France, who supported him, and the moderates took power.

The so-called "Red Terror" was used when the Jacobins (radicals, mountaineers) were instigators and executors, and the immediately following, called "White Terror", was used with Thermidorian Reaction, where the moderates were the executors and instigators.

After the Thermidorian Reaction and the Jacobins fell, the conservative republican revolutionaries took power, and the Directory was established.

This is interesting since these same terms would be used in the October Revolution of 1917 and in the 20th century with the Cold War, which shows that history repeats itself.

When finishing the Reign of Terror France was confused and hurt by the death of Maximilien, and began to wonder about his future. As much as he tried to sustain his beloved new republic, due to his context and factors and political conflicts , it didn't sustained, falling in 1799, when he arrived. Napoleon Bonaparte.

Napoleon presented himself to France as Joan of Arc had done as brought by wind, and despite being of Italian origin, France soon considered him his, and only his, with a blind admiration. The revolutionary shouts and the French revolution took off when Napoleon came to power, because despite the effort of France the task of his definitive constitution was not yet finished. Because, unlike England, physically separated from the continent, the French bourgeoisie was surrounded by powerful feudal powers, such as Austria, Prussia, and, to a lesser extent, Italy, and powerful Russia. Thus, in November 1799, Napoleon and his followers overthrew the Directory and a month later, they established the Consulate. Immediately, Napoleon appointed himself head of Estate. And the new Constitution, which he himself promulgated, established the essential powers of the office he assumed as first consul.

The First French Empire was born. And France, without even a moment to another, went from monarchy to republic, and republic to empire. He felt in his chest that arrogance that used to characterize him, and he felt as great as his father, the Roman Empire, and he forgot about the revolution insunes.

The Emperor Napoleon, who broke the continuity of the French Republic, presented himself to his French subjects as a peaceful man who would end the long years of war, but once in power, he insisted that the only way to achieve peace and the prosperity for the French "homeland" was through victory over the enemies of France, and it was there, when an old wish in France was revived like fire. Suddenly, France looked at Europe with a bestial desire, with a lust look eyes that used to characterize him. And he swore to make Europe tremble, or he would have it or destroy it, he felt with all the power, after all, he was the big brother France.

By embarking on an imperial war, Napoleon paved the way for a future promising expansion of French global national capital. But, in the short and medium term, he unconsciously conspired against it by weakening the industrial bourgeoisie and putting the Estate at the feet of the financial allied bourgeoisie of the aristocracy, and France blinded by the firm words of his beloved leader, swooped over entire Europe, and went further than any.

The Napoleonic wars had begun.

Once Napoleon Bonaparte was in power, he began what would be called the Napoleonic Wars. France, who was still excited by what happened in the Revolution, let himself be carried away easily by his new leader, in a conquering campaign of Europe. All of Europe, and more punctually England, panicked when they learned that France was conquering, and quite well, everything that was around them. At first, it was hard for France to realize what he was doing, but when he did, and he knew it was becoming an Empire, he looked at Napoleon Bonaparte with admiration.

Being more than happy with the idea of becoming Europe, he was launched. After what happened in the Revolution, few things mattered to France, and because of that, he had the nerve to present himself at home in Spain and, surprisingly, imprison him. Suddenly France already had Spain under his power, but he refused to obey him. Soon it was not long before he went to his great loves, the Italians, and his little brother Northern Italy became one of his main generals, although the Italian was always doubtful of all that.

And soon, with an enormous ecstasy of conquest, he attacked his rival on the continent, the one who saw being born, the one who was his brother despite his constant quarrels, the ill Holy Germanic Roman Empire. Removing him from middle power would be a great achievement for him, but France knew very well what he was about to commit, and when the Holy Empire came out to confront him, knowing his fate, France apologized. They fought, but it was obvious who would win. The Holy Empire had long been sick and weak, and France had always been strong, more now. The Holy Empire staggered until he fell. He look at France, and he, with a certain sadness in his eyes, knew that his end had come. France murdered the Holy Roman Empire, piercing his saber in the heart. "Je suis désolé, mon cher frère, je suis désolé." * France said holding his lifeless body.

With the French advance over him, the Holy Roman Empire disintegrated in 1806. France wasn't a fool and part of his conquest was to lower his ideology to his new conquered countries. His indecisive Italian brother supported him just for that, because he was desperate to get rid of feudalism. Therefore, when he had assassinated the Holy Roman Empire, he organized the frightened, helpless German states under the Confederation of the Rhine, confederation of German states (not including Austria and Prussia), which were under French rule and accepted the liberal ideas that France carried with him. In doing all this, practically all of Europe allied against him. Those made him feel proud and funny, because despite this, it was not easy for them to finish him. France laughed at all of them, whom he saw as frightened rats, but knew at the same time that he needed alliances and it was there when he allied himself with the only ones that were willing to join him, the Kingdom of Denmark and Norway and Polland.

The Napoleonic Wars didn't abstained to Europe only, but they had a great international scope and enormous repercussions. He and his well-loving leader went on excursions to places like Egypt and Syria, where France was amazed. How much he had wallowed in that little place called Europe, he wondered. Suddenly, Europe seemed boring, the world was full of wonders without equal, he said when he and Napoleon were facing the Sphinx in Egypt.

But in spite of loving going on a field trip he was always forced to return to Europe, and his fights between him and England didn't wait. Fights mainly naval, where France saw clearly that England would never be left before him. Fighting against England liked him to some extent, reminded him of the old days and seeing him worried pleased him. Fighting again as they used to do it during the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, where he dug his sword into the Englishman's right eye, with pleasure, watching him suffer. But now the fights were serious, and he seriously wanted to see England left behind. F

rance continued with his mission being the complete hegemony in Europe, conquering, or as he used to call it "making them all French territory". And he went further than anyone. Soon he looked at his conquests, his empire and with coldly proud eyes asked: "Es-tu fier de moi, père?" * Becuase in the depths of his being he always wanted to be as graet as his father, to be worthy of being his eldest son.

France went so far as to reach Russia, and it was there when his doom was signed. So ecstatic and feeling invincible, he made the big mistake of wanting to conquer the whole world, and conquer Russia. But France would know the suffering and misfortune again.

From 1803 until 1815, France was an Empire, and felt the best. Finally, he felt for the first time completely worthy of being the son of the Roman Empire, and as for Napoleon, France praised him by comparing him with Alexander the Great, Julius Caesar and his own dear Charlemagne. France was smart, and allied with other Europeans, such as the Kingdom of Denmark and Norway, with Poland, and the Netherlands, but basically he was thinking of betraying them at the last moment and also becoming them a "French territory". But everything ended when France had to face Russia.

The sharp cold of Russia, added to the initial preparation of this when France arrived, made France feel the defeat in every part of him. When he arrived in Moscow, the city was debris, since, preventively, Russia had burned it so that he could not be resupplied. Russia was too big and cold and France really knew how small he was. With a frozen heart, he retired devastated.

But everything ended in the famous Battle of Waterloo. Here, the French Empire, with only 12 years in which France could enjoy being so, lost against his rival England and his old friend Prussia. In the battle, France watched with horror as his boys died and appraised them perhaps more than their leader. Without them, without the people, Napoleon would not have achieved anything in truth, and they are never remembered, all those who died in all wars, France thought painfully. The brutal battle of Waterloo sealed the destiny of France for all history, and despite not finishing everything there, France knew it. Wanting to be defeated like a brave man, he didn't tremble at any time when the Sixth Coalition came for him, and when all of them, most of Europe, came at him in battle. Spain escaped and he fled to his enemies and Italy betrayed him coldly when he felt betrayed. France was alone, because he knew that his allies would not help him. Even so, on foot, with pride, he fought until the end. The cannons rang, the rifles and shouts, and the Marseillaise in the mind of France reverberated like a great symphony. And when he had been defeated, the Europeans, with a great fear of him, virtually chained him for fear that he would continue with his.

The final defeat of the Emperor Napoleon in June 1815, enthroned Louis XVIII, but could not go back with the social reforms of the territorial property nor with other numerous laws integrated in the Napoleonic Code that up to now they govern the French social life. But the triumphant foreign powers imposed on France the military occupation of two thirds of his territory for five years, and the payment of a heavy war debt.

France, his Empire and the Napoleonic Wars had a strong influence for the Latin American colonies, which could and they wanted to become independent thanks to the fact that their respective parents (Spain and Portugal) were imprisoned by France and Napoleon. At times France had Europe in his hands, but it was not enough at the end.

-Restoration, Revolution of 1830, and the French Intervention in Mexico:

Restoration in France is known as the period by which the monarchy returned to France, under the reign of Louis XVIII. When Austria organized the Congress of Vienna, France obviously was not invited, and there was an attempt to restore the European political map. However, France had removed the foundations of old Europe, and would no longer be the same. With Louis XVIII Bourbon, with real anger France saw how the Old Regime had returned to France, but refused to let all his suffering and all his efforts have been in vain. After the French Revolution, France was another. From that moment until the posterity became a country with a very political active life and would never accept the monarchy and what this entailed again.

When Charles X came to the throne, France got fed up with the monarchical yoke, revolted as he had in the first revolution, and began the so-called Revolution of 1830, a revolution that was born in France, but spread to other countries. France fought in the revolution of 1830 with passion, and was satisfied with the work of Liberty guiding the People, and again fought on the barricades as he had done before.

The revolution led to the ascension of a "citizen king", Louis Philippe I. France accepted him for the time, but had in mind that he would not last long. France had finally understood the heart of the matter: because England had warned him about the bourgeoisie and about the new world order, because it was convenient for him to remove the nobles, and he really understood what was happening in the world. The bourgeois were the ones who now commanded. They had the banks, the companies, the trade routes, and the kings were no more than empty figures obstructing their path to power. It was there that England appeared to him, seeing that France had understood. And with a smile typical of him, he invited the Frenchman to compete with him. France knew that if he didn't, he would never get what he wanted. The times of invading and prevailing against the whole world everywhere had passed, it made no sense, even though it was a romantic dream for everyone. Now there was colonialism and dependent economy. The dependent economy was like conquering a country, but without conquering it literally. The dependent economy was what England did well with others. Independent countries that need others to sustain their economy.

France saw the world panorama and England was the lord of everything. But he would not be left behind, being impotent of revolutionary struggles. It was there when he set his sights on Latin America.

France planned to expand his colonial and maritime empire and wanted to benefit from Latin America economically. First he thought of extorting his nephew Argentina, but then he fixed his eyes on his other nephew, Mexico. France tried to extort money from Mexico to benefit French interests, but the Mexican refused completely. Frustrated France got upset and tried everything. Something that was commonly done by his English rival, and also by the United States when they wanted something was to make up an excuse. But France, without finding any, invented a very literal one. This is how the Cakes Incident began.

In 1839 France declares war on Mexico known as the "Pastry War", for the claims made by the French ambassador to pay six hundred thousand pesos to a pastry chef for some cakes that were not paid by the soldiers of Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna and the execution of a French citizen accused of piracy, all this only because France wanted his hegemony to become strong in Latin America.

The excuse was simple: a French pastry chef states that the damages caused him losses of 600,000 pesos. In Mexico was the French ambassador, Deffaudis. The bakery's claims were passed on to the ambassador, who sent them directly to Paris. When Mexico refuses to pay attention to the whims of France, he personally travels home to Mexico on March 21, 1838, backed by warships. France was threateningly asking that compensation payments be made for $ 600,000 pesos and that special treatment (privileges) be given to French merchants in Mexico. Mexico flatly refused to do any kind of negotiation while his region was at the tip of French cannons. In addition, he alleged that during an armed conflict no one is compensated. The government was not obliged to make the payment that France demanded. As a result, for seven months the Mexican ports were blocked by the French.

Tired and surrendered by the blockade and bombing of France, Mexico sent Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna was sent to Veracruz as the commander of the troops of Mexico. When the war broke out, the conflict was brief but dangerous and England, taking advantage of the situation, as always, intervened as a mediator although on the side of Mexico to not benefit Frace. The USA supported France. Mexico ended by signing an agreement approving the payment of damages for 600,000 pesos. On March 9, 1839, the Pastry War was over, with the victory of France, the one that waged wars even with Pastry excuse even.

-Revolution of 1848 and the Second French Republic:

However, despite getting carried away by England in his games of messing with others, France had well in mind that he wanted to get rid of the kings and have a liberal republic completely. When in Europe the revolutions of 48 flourished, France, so expert in the subject didn't wait. These revolutions occurred partly by bourgeois, but for the most part by oppressed workers, by peasants, in short, by the proletariat. It was there when France was fifth that not all revolutions were completely equal, and he knew now of what type was his. France obtained his mission, his great dream since the revolution. Louis-Philippe, the last king of France, abdicated. At last, his beloved republic returned.

This was how the Revolution of 1848 in France brought as a direct consequence the abdication of Louis Philippe and the end of the bourgeois monarchy established in 1830. After the proclamation of the Second French Republic, a provisional government was articulated.

The work of the provisional cabinet was to give content to the new republic, so they made a series of provisions. Among them, universal suffrage, freedom of association and press, the abolition of the death penalty for political crimes, the annulment of noble titles, the suppression of slavery in the colonies and imprisonment for debts were found. The influence of the Socialists made it possible to collect some proposals, such as the implementation of the National Workshops and the limitation of the working day to 10 hours.

However, the enthusiasm of this new government and of all those who supported it broke down when they saw the delicate economic situation in which the enthusiastic but disillusioned France was plunged. The National Workshops, which were workshops where 2 francs were paid for performing tasks without utility or purpose, were a burden on the French economy, so they had to be canceled. But the problem was not only limited to a closure of the workshops, but had to raise taxes to try to stop the financial hole. This, added to the growing unemployment, began to generate a deep discontent among the population.

On the other hand, the elections to form a Constituent Assembly, gave as winners to the moderates (bourgeois), so that a bourgeois and moderate republic was formed. The new executive imposed on the socialist and workers' social forces that had given character to the February days. The protests and rebellions of the Socialists were happening in the so-called "days of June", from 23 to 26, but they were repressed. Among all this, France saw with disappointment how everything returned to the same, and knew a truth that never forgot. A truth that consumed any hope, and he knew that no revolution would suffice.

The Constitution of 1848 made him clear that the bourgeois monarchy of Louis-Philippe had replaced a bourgeois republic, since it was a magna carta that defended the interests of the bourgeoisie. In addition, it established that the legislative power would reside in an Assembly composed of 750 members elected by universal suffrage, while the executive would be led by a president who would be voted in the same way.

The elections were not long in coming. There were two candidates who clashed: General Cavaignac and Louis Napoleon Bonaparte, nephew of the former emperor whom France so blindly esteemed. The electors opted for Louis Napoleon, since he was better known due to the disputes he had with Louis-Philippe and for the publication of manifestos defending nationalities and the improvement of the most needy classes. More than five million votes supported the candidacy of Luis Napoleon, compared to half a million that of Cavaignac.

From that moment, the moderate republic changed radically and became a conservative regime, where the conservative bourgeoisie and allied to Bonapartism were the biggest beneficiaries. The new Assembly voted favorably for the laws restricting universal suffrage, freedom of the press and assembly, and France's heart was broken. He had fought for nothing. He knew there that everything was in vain. That he should do what the powerful wanted, as always.

In a short time, everything fell apart, as the Assembly faced the executive power. But Louis Napoleon presented himself as the only guarantee capable of restoring order and on December 2, 1851, he gave the coup d'état that put an end to the Second French Republic. On December 20 he called a referendum in which the people would have to decide if they granted him the necessary power to "establish a new constitution." The result was devastating: 7 million people voted in favor. This result enabled Napoleon to establish first a dictatorship and, later, the Second French Empire. Before this panorama, impotent, France, on the inside, apologized to all of them who had died with the dream of freedom, because they had died in vain, France knew there that such a dream was an illusion. Everything always ended the same way.

-Second French Empire; French colonialism:

Despite the internal turmoil in France, which left him emotionally down, France tried to convince himself that what he was doing was for his own good. It was easier to live with the cruel reality. The new regime tried to combine an authoritarian and personalist government with the maintenance of liberal bourgeois principles. Under an appearance of popular participation, a conservative regime was maintained to the taste of the high bourgeoisie. To distract himself and bring the cruel truth more to his liking, France soon returned to the games of England and launched into what all the powerful wanted: colonies. Like England, like Holland and Belgium, France launched himself as a hungry dog on Africa. He still had a colony, his daughter French Guiana, because his son Haiti was free now after a radical revolution. But his daughter to his eyes was worthless. And soon, his desire to compete with England and overcome him in everything came up again.

France soon returned to his old struggles against England for land and power. Quick and opportunistic, France took colonies in Africa and Asia, since he had no influence in Latin America, because England ruled there, and no interest, soon, by his natural power, he became the second in command of the "Club of Imperialists", led by England. Soon, France arrived to Asia, the largest and most beautiful continent before his eyes, where he took by force Indochina, then called French Indochina, who was Vietnam, Cambodia and Laos. France loved them in his own way, especially to Vietnam, with whom he was infatuated. Also, he began to increase his influence in the south of China. As much as England, France wanted China with an overflowing desire, and just thinking about what he could do with him made him blush.

But France would not be left behind and his lustful eyes soon set on Africa, but before they began their countless adventures, tortures, bids and conflicts with England in Africa, his things in his home were never good, and France, with his political behavior, he was always active in what was happening in him.

During the times of the Second French Empire was where France met and admired the famous French writer Victor Hugo, author of the cult works of Our Lady of Paris and Les Miserable's. France was able, in a certain way, to observe himself in his books, and was filled with shame. France admired him although at the same time France was what Victor Hugo denounced. Also during those times France met Leon Richer, a French journalist and feminist. Leon Richer founded the French League for the first time in France for women's rights, and actively participated in lawsuits that included the establishment of a family council that could help women who suffered abuse from their husbands or fathers, better education for girls, higher wages for women to reduce the need for prostitution, equal pay for equal work, admission of qualified women in the professions, women's control of property and wealth and revision of the Code Civil.

France admired him from the first moment when he fought for women. France had always loved women but always, also, he treated them abruptly, but deep down, he knew that women were equal to men, and he would never forgive himself for killing so many during the Inquisition because of false and illogical reasons. Therefore, in silence, France encouraged him to continue his work, since he considered women the most beautiful.

But France, in his new empire, had to attend to a double attention. On the one hand he wanted more than anything to stay at home to deal with political issues, organize strikes and so on, but on the other hand, his colonialist desire were very latent.

Therefore, when his interests and those of his strange companion England when Russia had access to the Mediterranean Sea by Crimea, France knew that a new war would be generated.

-The Crimean War and the and the scenario of the late nineteenth century:

One day England appeared before him, with his typical face of few friends, and ordered France to accompany him to the war against Russia. France didn't like the attitude of England towards him, and little liked to fight with him, France detested Engalnd, but his aversion to Russia exceeded any limit.

Although it continued competing with England for almost everything, from who had more colonies and other much more outlandish issues as when they rivaled the meridians of Greenwich and the meridian of Paris both allied themselves in the Crimean War, between 1853 and 1856, with the Ottoman Empire, to combat the growth of Russia. This war was geostrategic and economic in nature. The idea that Russia having naval access to the Mediterranean Sea didn't please France and England, who put aside their differences and, surprisingly, worked well together.

Still, the war was cruel and France saw with his own eyes what would be a war on an industrial scale, and didn't it like anything. It is sometimes estimated that more people died in the Crimean War than in the First World War.

They won. France had a great grudge against Russia because he remembered too well the cold and the defeat of his first empire along with Napoleon.

When that eastern nation called Japan opened commercially, France didn't take a minute to run there. When he arrived, his rival and his son were already there. Japan to France's eyes was beautiful, but too strong and sustainable, for what he, England, and the unbearable son of England, as France called him, began to bomb the ports of Japan to extort him, and then he and England agreed to finance a civil war to weaken Japan. In the Boshin War of Japan in 1868, France supported the anti-Western samurai faction of Japan, the shogunate, while England supported the emperor. Many saw this as another scenario of the typical power fights between him and English, but in reality France planned to betray them and agree with England on the fate of Japan.

France grew in the colonial sphere but internally he wasn't well at all. In addition, he soon desisted to influence Mexico and Argentina, who ignored him totally. During these times he tried to take advantage of something and supported Italy in his unification, although later he would support the pope, and then he would lament the help he gave to the Southern Italy (Romano), to separate from him and it was when he met again with his old friend Prussia, that would begin a new stage in his life.

-Franco-Prussian War: This war took place between 1870 and 1871. It was then that Prussia was becoming the hegemony in Central Europe and overshadowed Austria, as he began to forge a unification of German states, which alerted all of Europe and especially France. Prussia had been his friend although that had been a unique occasion of an alliance. Now, France could not even dream of seeing Prussia as a friend. What happened was the following: Prussia sought to obtain again Alsace and Lorraine, annexed by France during the Thirty Years War, and on the other hand France wanted to annex Luxembourg, in addition, was despair before the imminent German unification. Prussia was smart, more than the Frenchman and soon he put together a somewhat pretense, using the resentful of Spain to outrage France. Falling into his game, France declared war. And that marked his destiny.

Prussia was militarily superior, and had German allies; on the other hand, France was alone. When he looked for the look of England, who had been his companion lately, he knew that this would never help him after to see his face amused by the situation. France believed that Prussia held a grudge for having murdered the Holy Roman Empire, but soon, at see the eyes of Prussia, France knew it was not personal.

France painfully lost the war, Prussia took away Alsace and Lorraine, he and returned home with blood stained with a wound in the side of his body, and the worst, and could hear unbearable laughter of England for having lost. Because of losing the war, two things happened:

-Napoleon III abdicated and for the first time he definitively became a republic.

And the second thing was that, when losing, Prussia won and when winning, the German Empire was born, the one that would be feared, envied and admired by the world, Germany as such was born. Soon he forgot his rancor against England when they both met the young Germany. From the moment they saw him, they knew that he would become a powerful country and that his power in Europe would be in danger. And they felt a huge aversion for Germany.

-Third French Republic, French imperialism and the Paris Commune:

After the Franco-Prussian War the Second French Empire fell and the Third Republic emerged.

After the devastating Franco-Prussian War, which culminated with the proclamation and birth of the German Empire in Versailles, and after the devastating Siege of Paris, in which the capital had to be moved to the city of Tours, France was left devastated and deeply humiliated .

And there, in the midst of pain, suffering and struggle, the famous Paris Commune was formed on March 8, 1871. The Paris Commune was a brief insurrectional movement that governed the city of Paris until May 28, 1871, establishing a popular self-managed socialist political project.

Because Paris didn't accept the rendicipon the citizen militia was created, the French National Guard, which was effectively formed with the power in order to ensure the continuity of the operation of the city administration. They benefited from the support and active participation of the discontented working population, from the political radicalism widespread in the capital that demanded a democratic republic, and from the opposition to the more than probable restoration of the Bourbon monarchy. When the government tried to take control of the gun batteries that had been bought by the Parisians by popular subscription to defend the city, they took up arms. Soldiers of the National Guard of the Commune assassinated two generals of the French army, and the Commune refused to accept the authority of the French government. Before this rebellion, the employees of the administration were ordered to evacuate the capital, and the National Guard summoned Elections for the municipal council that was taken over by radical left wing Republicans and Socialists.

France joined the Commune and protected it as best he could. There, in the Commune, socialist self-management was of great inspiration to many socialist, communist and anarchist intellectuals, such as Karl Marx and Bakunin.

But the revolt was suppressed, and when the Commune fell, in the midst of struggle and blood, between shots and cannons, the famous song The Internacional of the workers was written. There, among the bloodshed in France, that song of struggle of mankind was born.

Being again a republic France liked it very much. The new condition of republic didn't change his imperialist aspect at all, but it ended up building it.

France, now a little more stable, set out to colonize and forge a colonial empire with bigger impetus. He decided that he would never allow himself to be handled again by England and that he would be upset by what he could, by imposing his will on Africa and forging a network of French colonies that could perfectly compete against England.

For a long time France had Algeria under his power, and considered him his most important colony, but soon, fearing that Italy would take him away, he hurried and Tunisia was established as a French protectorate (by force, obviously) in 1881. Little by little, the French were gaining much more control over the North, as well as in Central Africa, and France was had what today is Mauritania, Senegal, Guinea, Mali, Cote d'Ivoire, Benin, Niger, Chad, Central African Republic, Republic of the Congo, and Madagascar, being he the one that had more colonies in Africa, something that made him feel proud and bothered England. France was not a bed of roses for those who now were under his power, in fact, France was as playful as he was cruel. He abused without measure his now adopted children in all possible ways. And the one who always mistreated was Algeria, for perhaps, he was the one who questioned him the most, and the one who had the most strength to get rid of him at any moment, but France always tried to have Algeria as his personal servant.

Apart from his African, Asian (French Indochina) and American (French Guiana) colonies, France also soon launched into the Middle East. And it was there, when Syria was captured. He never loved her; he never liked her, because Syria was strong, intelligent, and had a dream that bothered France. But even so, Syria also passed under the French mandate.

-The Triple Alliance: but soon, to France as to England began to bother them and worry too much about the rapid growth and German power, which already had his colonial empire in Africa and in Asia, had even had the nerve to demand from England apart from China, "he was crazy", according to France. During the Congress of Berlin, France, resentful, along with England, didn't cooperate enough with the young Germany. When, in addition, the inexperienced Germany allied himself with the Ottoman Empire, England and France exchanged a tense look since they knew that something very big would be looming. Soon the tensions and rivalries became so big that Germany allied with Austria-Hungary forming the Triple Alliance, which was the first step to one of the bloodiest events in the history of man.

When that happened, France waited for England to join him, but Englad didn't automatically. France hated Germany, besides fearing him. In spite of not being formally allied, France knew that he and the English were on the same side.

In 1886, for his anniversary, France gave the famous Statue of Liberty to the United States, although it was only an indirect insult to England, since France didn't care about the United States, he still considered him an imbecile braggart, but the day would come in that France would lower his head to him.

While the nineteenth century ended, France lamented his past and guessed the future. While the central powers began to cause discomfort to the Western powers, like him, France tried to continue with his colonies and stripping with England a little. Although his rivalry with England had become milder and childish, as when they were children, since, although in spite of themselves, both had the same interests and the times of the great wars had ended, soon the black flame of their hatred was stoked when the Fashoda Incident arose, where France and England faced each other in colonial border lines in Africa, and a military expeditionary encounter took place between both, in 1897 and 11898. It was there that, since the Napoleonic Wars, France and his English neighbor again felt the hatred that they used to feel in their youth. And soon, the world was enraged with a new possible colonial war between France and England. The British naval armada was infallible, France knew it. But the French army was better organized. After thinking seriously, France knew that they didn't want a war between them because they had much more important issues; it was more profitable to be allies and also knew he and his boys would lose. Therefore, France seriously withdrew his army and avoided war.

When the view of the world and what was to come was becoming more and more visible, France realized that he had no ally and had run out of friends because of his attitude. He soon realized that England was in the same position as him, and despite everything that happened and happened between them he really hoped that England asked for an alliance with him, which never did. But soon, for France and for England things would change between them forever, and nothing would ever be the same again, without either of them expecting it.

-The Entente Cordiale:

After the nineteenth century, a century quite innovative for all, France found that the world began to settle and train according to what was to come. Given this, he discovered that he was officially without allies, although in fact if he was linked to a specific side.

He was the first to learn of the two that would make an alliance with England, and not just any one, but one that united them in many points. One that did not have an expiration date, so to speak. Given this news, France was stupefied and doubtful. It was truly strange. After centuries and centuries of rivalry and wars, he turned out that this treaty united them as if to counteract all that. For France it was very strange, and especially uncomfortable.

When the meeting with England and their respective leaders took place, he knew immediately that England was very upset and resisted a little to such a union, which grated in a marriage. When he found himself in front of England he didn't even look at him. But when he was forced to shake hands with England, France suddenly remembered because he hated him so much, why he got to that point, and looked away. When the Entente Cordiale, agreement of alliance and harmony, as well as of mutual aid between both, was signed, France felt a bunch of sensations that grated in sadness and humiliation.

When they were forced to spend time together to discuss politics and treaties of the kind, France coldly invited England to take a walk in Paris. When they walked, France went ahead, and England followed him from behind, in a sepulchral silence.

France, in his silent walks with England, began to think things that had never been put to analyze: at first, he and England, in the last century began to take not as bad as they used to treat in previous times, although it wasn't a great change, but it was something. Both were united by equal interests, in addition to being very close, due to Normandy, the already nonexistent self-proclaimed uncle of both. On the other hand, he remembered something he had not remembered for a long time. He remembered when they met, and he had to admit that maybe his way of dealing with it initially could have been the point of England's aversion to him. And soon, he came to the conclusion of himself and his deepest, but simple desires: he wanted and loved England, but he resisted, since England had killed his dear Joan of Arc, and that would never forgive him.

Soon, France felt that England finally approached him and took his arm, and when he saw his eyes, he knew that England also loved him, in his way, perhaps, more than he loved him. And as usual, which was his pleasure, France didn't hesitate to return his "love", if that was love.

Thus France and England, the rivals of history, became lovers. Although France never forgave England for Joan and England for France having helped the United States to become independent of him, both understood each other like no other. Such was only the effect of the Entente Cordiale, or maybe if it was real, he didn't know, he would never know for sure.

Since then, although their relationship has high and low, both were brought and consulted between them, and the Entente Cordiale, the name of their relationship, remained in force until these days.

-First World War:

Already in a strong alliance and relationship with England, France, like everyone else, was waiting for the event that already felt coming from the end of the 19th century. However, little did France know that this would change the world and how to see it for all posterity.

The tension in Europe was getting stronger, especially with the imposition of the incoherent "Peace through strength", and all that was missing was the spark that made everything explode.

The causes that led to the First World War are easy to understand if the context is understood: The power fight between the colonial powers against the power of Central Europe, led by the young Germany, which grew and competed effectively against their interests. France was like everyone in this fight, and was able to enter a war and cause the death of thousands of people for the interests of the rich who would never move a finger for anyone. With this statement, any war can be summarized.

Finally this happened. When the war broke out, France was the first to communicate it to England, who feigned surprise. However, both believed that this conflict would end for Christmas, which they erred very strongly.

When Germany set out to invade France, things started. France didn't wait for England to come to help him (who would soon come to help) and he launched into war. Both months had passed and France was already traumatized and disgusted by this.

With the Battle of Verdun, which was the second bloodiest of the entire war, and the battle of Marne, France, who, along with Germany, were the most active in the war, began to wear out of it. France was still strong, intelligent and experienced, and when Germany took Paris, France could stop him, but at a big cost.

Soon he began to despair and to have the war go on longer than expected. The company of England was the only thing that kept him calm. When there was Christmas and things continued, France fell completely apart and England had to take him in his arms and drag him to the battlefield, since France had seen and felt too much war had just started. France had been in many wars, and they were all terrible. But this was different from the known and so hopeless and catastrophic, that soon France abandoned all hope. England bore the burden of horror a little more, and in the nights of trenches he used to tell France that everything would soon end, that they would all go home as if nothing had happened. But England little by little also succumbed to horror and despair, accompanying France in sentiment.

The war lasted, and both were so marked that they already believed that they would lived in the trenches all their lives, and that they would die like that. France's eyes lost their light, and even the face of Joan of Arc couldn't remember. To such an extreme was his mind that even he, the first European Catholic, now considered that god didn't exist, it was just a manipulative lie for enjoyed watching them suffer. However, France began to fill with hatred and resentment for the horrible panorama that lived without rest every day in the trenches. And soon, he blamed absolutely everything on young Germany, who wasn't having a better time than him. France despised the compassion that England had for the German, and he vow to harm him all his life for this.

By 1917, France was on the verge of complete collapse. He could not even talk, just be lying in the trenches. He had not even been shocked by the Russian Revolution, something that should have intrigued and interested him. Nothing mattered to him. He was broken. However, something changed. Soon, England was presented to him, completely renewed, giving him words of hope and strength. When he heard it, when he saw it, France cried like he had not for a long time. He embraced England, who looked to heaven with hope. The United States had come (at the last moment), to help them, and after a while, the war ended.

The traumas of France were slow to heal, and some never left. In the famous Treaty of Versailles, France, with great pleasure, did everything possible to harm Germany in the worst way, hating him with all his soul.

With an enormous joy full of malice, France fulfilled his mission, the task that his side wanted, and the objective for which the war had begun: to take the colonies from Germany, to make him fall out of favor, to separate Austria and Hungary, and he did without any guilt. Additionally, he forced Germany to pay the war damage, without caring for the tears and laments of the young German. France, as devastated as he was angry, also reproached the United States for having conveniently entered the war when it suited him.

When the contest was over, perhaps an equally painful part came.

England, although with effort, helped France to recover slowly, although he knew that some of them died in the trenches and that would always be there. He and England had been in a 116-year war, and yet that war of only 6 years was a more traumatic one for them. The war changed everything, and France could never fully recover or be the same. Even so, in spite of this, he knew that another conflict would break through again.

-Interwar period:

The bright, energetic, and petulant personality was somewhat overshadowed by the tragedy of the war, which left him somewhat pessimistic. Even so, England actively accompanied him in the years that followed.

France acted together with England financing sabotage to the Spartacist revolution in the wounded Germany, so that he didn't end up like Russia.

As for Russia, France sent the Blue Guard, French troops who supported the White Guard (the conservatives who wanted the Tsars to return) during the Russian Civil War. However, with everything and sabotages and foreign financing against him, Russia and the Red Guard triumphed and the Soviet Union was born.

France in a way reminded himself during the French Revolution. He had fought against all those who tried to overthrow and sabotage him, and even then, he had emerged from the blood of the decapitated nobles. And now he saw Russia in the same situation, but he, who was so proud of the revolutions, now with shame saw that he did the same thing they did to him before. When the Bolshevik Russia emerged, France saw England becoming enraged.

When the thirties began, their relationship with Weimar Germany became tense. Germany, resentful, didn't want to know anything about France. When the Great Depression occurred, France was much more affected than some, and definitely more affected than England. Because of the Great Depression, added to the bad humor of France, it made him feel a poisonous rejection towards the United States, the main culprit of the crisis. He also felt annoyance when he learned that England knew that would happen, and hadn't told him.

Due to the horrible social and economic situation that happened France, the Popular Front (socialists), soon captivated the wounded heart of the French. Soon, this party arrived as high as for the position of prime minister of France, and the French, after so much time without smiling, he did it again.

As fascism is emerging in different parts of the world, especially in Italy and Germany, this French left party that was in France until 1937 was a coalition of political parties such as the French Section of the Workers' International (socialists), the Radical Party and the French Communist Party, which supported the coalition but didn't join the government. Moves were formed largely by intellectuals such as the League of Human Rights, the Movement against War and Fascism and the Committee of Surveillance of Antifascist Intellectuals.

The head of the Popular Front government was Léon Blum. His government was the first to have women while they still didn't have the right to vote.

Under this government were signed the Matignon agreements that recognized the union right and increased salaries by an average of 12%. Shortly after, a law established the first paid holidays of 15 days while another established in 40 hours the duration of the legal work week (before it was 48 hours per week).

During these times, France flourished. This new form and political position of France definitely made his relationship with England begin to distance considerably. But France didn't care much, his happiness after his suffering seemed more important than his relationship with the English.

But soon his life would begin to decline again. When the Spanish Civil War began, the popular opinion in France was divided. On one hand, many supported the Republicans (communist) and urged France to support them, but France, in the end, wanted to be neutral, because he knew what was convenient for him and knew how England would react with such an act.

On the other hand, when Germany annexed Czechoslovakia and France agreed to join with England again, the Popular Front coalition was isolated and collapsed in 1937.

Again, France proved that life was cruel and always ended in the same, his situation was completely tragic, and remembering his whole life didn't make him feel better.

Since after the Great War and to relapse again, France, already finding life without any brightness, became pessimistic and with an acid black humor.

Now returned in a loving relationship with England, he accompanied him to see Poland and warn him of Germany and to forge a pact with them. The inactivity of Poland to France exasperated him, and when he left there it gave him great relief.

Due to the thriving ideologies, the great powers confronted, and shocking political and economic interests, there would soon be another terrible war that would mark a before and after.

-Second World War:

When things were settled for the second world encounter, France found the Nazism of Germany, despite the hatred towards him, quite attractive.

He, England and the United States saw fascism as a political, economic and social dream model. It was what they had always wanted but for obvious reasons they could never carry it out as such. England admired Germany, France felt an unmistakable attraction, and the United States envied him. They loved fascism at the beginning: it was a model completely helpful to their interests, and at the same time, kept the fascist countries on the sidelines. But to his great annoyance and concern, Germany was a resentful fascist. One who would never agree with them and who would now attack them for the pain they caused him. It was a disappointment to them. If it had not been for the attitude of Germany, they would have allowed fascism to subsist, even had it been maintained if necessary. But all the fascists like lap dogs allied themselves with Germany. Japan was something similar, a totalitarian that would not benefit theirs interests but his, and they couldn't allow that.

Even so, England secretly sought to finance and maintain a fascist for them without his knowing it, Spain.

But England and the United States, no matter how much attraction they felt for fascism, would not allow Germany to take away their power, but France, too attracted, so hurt, began to approach Germany slowly, distancing himself from England, to the latter's concern, to the point of that France was no longer with them.

-Vichy Collaborative State:

The attraction of France for the Nazi model, despite his aversion to Germany, made him undecided what to do. On one hand, he knew that it was convenient for him to be with England and his side, but on the other hand, the idea of wasting the fascist model was too much. Soon Germany captured Paris in 1940, and France quickly escaped from him.

But finally, France began, from the shadows, to collaborate with the German. Soon, he acceded to the wishes of the bosses of Germany and ordered the eviction and surrender of thousands of French Jews.

When the capital was transferred to Vichy and Marshal Philippe Pétain became commander, France emerged from Vichy, a parallel French collaborationist state with the Nazis. France was tolerating them for some time, he even danced with Nazi Germany in secret, but then everything ended for him.

He realized his mission by delivering French Jews, he remembered his national integrity, he remembered how much he hated Germany, and he heard the voice of England calling him, looking for him. That was enough for France to leave all that and go back to them, declaring war on Germany again, while always slipping away from him. And he also became a fervent enemy of the State of Vichy, although in the background it was also him.

And so France, along with England and a bunch of dysfunctional countries called themselves The Allies. France, like absolutely everyone, found the leadership of the United States a huge annoyance. France had always considered the United States an embarrassing idiot.

France found the fact that Spain and Italy are on the side of Germany somewhat annoying.

As the war progressed, he again found disappointment and horror when he saw that this war was not different from the first, and in fact he had a certain perversion that the previous one didn't. As time went on, France began to notice, along with England, the worrying power of Russia, the Soviet Union, and knew in advance that this power would bring future problems. He and England had planned for Germany and Russia to meet and destroy each other, but France could already see that it wouldn't be like that.

Soon, France got a chaotic view of the world.

Great was his happiness when he learned of the defeat of Germany, more caution was what he felt, knowing that he was defeated at the hands of Russia. Soon, although the war ended, he and England looked at Russia with big aversion and care, expected any movement.

However, the perverse war was not over yet. There were still Japan and the United States, who were struggling in the skies. And although France demanded victory for the unbearable one of the United States, soon it would feel a terror so deep that it would break all base of thoughts. When the United States dropped the Atomic Bombs on Japan, France frozen with horror. He saw the United States as a true monster, and even looked at England with contempt for having been his father. Enraged and terrified, France ordered England to go and reproach the United States for such atrocity, but he witnessed the inactivity of England when his son became the supposed king of the world. France embraced England, and felt guilt for having helped the United States to become independent, feeling if he hadn't, things would not have happened that way. But then he knew that things would have ended the same anyway.

-French occupation in Germany:

When Germany lost, the allies soon occupied him. France occupied the south-west zone. In the period that they had Germany under their military power, they didn't treat him very well. France loved to tell him allusive things to his war work, and he loved to reclaim his body, seeing Germany writhing with humiliation and misery.

Together with the United States and England, they used to give Germany tremendous beatings.

But over time, with the strong presence and stalking of the USSR, they began to treat Germany well, and France tried to intimate something with him. Soon they didn't matter anymore, because they all ended up in the ranks of US allies.

France, like many others, under his head to the American and positioned himself between his allies and vassals. He and England were and are one of the advisors of the United States, and they helped him fight Russia during the stressful Cold War. France rarely questioned the United States because of his deep aversion, although not as much as he feared Switzerland.

-Fourth French Republic:

Soon the European Union was founded, which at that time had mutual support among European countries, and he became second in command, after Germany.

The UN was founded, which presided over the old and useless League of Nations, although France felt that the UN was like the the previous one only with a different suit.

And soon, NATO was formed, led by the United States. Even though France was forced to enter, he always had a huge resistance to belonging to it.

Of all the allies of the United States, France was always the one that worked the most to be economically and militarily independent of the American.

After the war ended, a provisional government was formed, presided over by General Charles de Gaulle, which gave way to the Fourth French Republic.

-Fifth French Republic, French May, and Decolonization:

In 1958, the Fifth French Republic was born, which continues to this day.

And when France believed that everything was beginning to go well, there came a moment where he didn't bother to hide his rejection of the idea. When the period of decolonization came, France refused to do so. And yet, soon, taking advantage of the moment, their colonies began to seek their independence from him. This made France very angry and he didn't hesitate to stop it.

Soon, Algeria, his most important colony, began his war of independence. And France would show that the "country of love" is also something else.

Along with the infamous and fearsome French Foreign Legion, he began to fight violently against Algeria, who sought his freedom. And soon, internally in France began a big discomfort. With the passage of time, with enormous annoyance, France knew that Algeria would become independent of him at any cost.

Soon, knew how Algeria was getting out of hand. It was there, that on the radio, they heard a dedicated song (no made) for France. There he heard the famous song Non, Je ne Regrette Rien, the one that filled him with pride. Despite losing to Algeria, he left with his head held high, singing the song loudly. But Algeria didn't care, he was already free and celebrated for it, and his also sang the song, both did, because ils ne se souciaient plus de rien.

Soon France reluctantly had to leave Syria and other colonies to get independent.

But when in Indochina (Cambodia, Laos, Vietnam), began to seek independence through communism, France not only became desperate but knew what to do. He didn't like the idea at all, he even felt disgusted with himself, but he preferred it before losing more colonies. He went to pray to the United States who was in the Korean War. France dramatized his situation and begged the American to help him not to Indochina become independent of him. United States, although he wanted to help France, he had a facade of anti-colonialism that prevented him from helping France for that reason, so he tried to find any other excuse to intervene. And he found it. And there when the Vietnam War arose and to France's annoyance he didn't get what he wanted.

-The French May:

The French May was a process of struggle and student political radicalization that paved the way for the most important general strike in the history of France and the insubordination of the working youth, challenging the power in those days of May of the 60s, within the context of the Cold War.

The reasons for the French May are varied:

-Stalinism was discredited. His "peaceful coexistence" with capitalism was now compounded by the revelation of Stalin's crimes.

-Along with this, the Sino-Soviet conflict provoked a breakdown of the monolithic "official communism" and facilitated the emergence of tendencies to the left.

-On the other hand, revolutions in colonial and semi colonial countries, such as the Cuban Revolution of 1959, were received with enthusiasm throughout the world, and Che Guevara, assassinated in Bolivia in 1967, became the banner of the youth of the left, around the world, and in France too.

But in France himself a fact was extremely significant: the anti-colonial war of Algeria between 1954 and 1962. The warlike conflict, showing the brutality of French imperialism, strongly impact the French youth: the day of the triumph of the independence of Algeria, the Students were going to raise the flag of the Algerian National Liberation Front. And soon began to break with the direction of the French Communist Party that had lent "critical support" to the French government during the war.

However, the fact that would be decisive in the year 1968 was the Vietnam War. A turning point would take place at the beginning of that year in France, who was beginning to see that something was happening and, as politically as he was, he would surely participate actively. American optimism was beginning to crumble in Vietnam.

Like their North American counterparts, French youths take the lead in mobilizing against war. Unlike some that made few marches forceful, radicalized organizations and activists take the anti-imperialist struggle organizing grassroots committees in neighborhoods, colleges and schools, calling tens of thousands of young French to fight for the expulsion of the United States from Vietnam. The idea that imperialism could be defeat was already brewing in the streets.

To this feeling of social and cultural challenge against capitalism that youth lived in addition to the rejection of university reform, and everything begins to be questioned. The students synthesize it in one sentence: "From the criticism of the class university, to the questioning of class society". The teaching model of the bourgeois university and the relationship between "educators" and "educated" were also rejected. Against the entrance exam and the attempt to exclude those who failed subjects, the student movement responds: "Down with the selection!".

Since the end of 1967 mobilizations and a strike called by the National Union of Students of France have been taking place. The secondary ones, who are prohibited from political activity within the schools, join the fight. In Nanterre, student protests were met with repression and 8 students are apprehended. On May 2 this faculty was evicted and closed. The next day 500 people were grouped in the Courtyard of the Sorbonne in solidarity with the 8 of Nanterre. The police enter the University arresting several demonstrators. That day, the first paving stones were thrown on the forces of repression in the Latin Quarter.

During the following days the student mobilizations would grow in magnitude and the first barricades appear.

All the university students of France, with the support of the population, went on strike for the freedom of the detainees, for the reopening of all the Faculties and the withdrawal of the police. On May 10 the barricades multiply in the Latin Quarter "The night of the barricades" will be the dawn of the great movement of the French May, a historical day in which students and young workers (arrived spontaneously from the suburbs of Paris) fight heroically until dawn the next day, resisting the unleashed repression. It was the beginning of the worker-student unit.

The struggle of the student movement anticipated and triggered the workers' movement to enter the scene. The students acted in May as a sensitive layer expressing the contradictions of society as a whole; the disagreement with the conservatism of daily life, the boredom with the Bonapartism regime of De Gaulle and the workers' malaise in the factories. The ideological radicalism of the students and their methods of struggle were a direct questioning against the French capitalist regime, opening a political crisis.

Now, under the pressure of his bases, France himself called the general strike for May 12 in his entire being. In this way, the working class burst in the national crisis. On May 14 and 15 the factories take over and the strikes extend throughout the country. With workers' action, student struggle takes on new momentum. The worker-student unit grows: thousands of young workers march to the Latin Quarter to express their solidarity with the students and they reward him by moving to the factories taken to the cry of "take our fragile hands, the banner of struggle." Despite this, it's widespread throughout France, 10 million workers were unemployed. It was the most important general strike in the history of the country and one of the most important in the western workers' movement.

-End of the Cold War and Actuality:

After everything that happened, France remained pensive. From the French May, since what happened in the Cold War, France finally understood his position, and his situation. And despite continuing to defend their selfish interests and being one of the main allies of the United States, the brother of his beloved son Canada, France always preserved his politically critical position. He was a political being since the French Revolution.

Once the Cold War conflict was over, he was one of those responsible along with the other allies of the United States, for the partition of Yugoslavia.

When the United States called on all nations to invade Iraq in 2003, France flatly refused. The United States insisted and asked him why, France only answered: "Je ne vais pas t'aider à envahir ce pauvre garçon juste parce que tu veux lui voler son pétrole, États-Unis." * And for that reason the United States kept him certain distrust although he couldn't say anything else because England took care of France at the whims of his beloved son. And France is increasingly disenchanted to be under his orders. When he once caught the United States spying on one of his meetings, he never trusted him again, and communicated it to England.

France has lately found a slight diversion sending to bomb Syria, although he also knows that there is something else behind it, and knows that Israel, adviser of counselors, plans something. Therefore, he voted against Jerusalem being the capital of Israel.

France is the older brother of the countries of Europe, and second in command in the European Union, imitating everything that Germany does, in addition to which his relation with him has improved.

Throughout his life, he has been changing and transforming, in addition to knowing things about himself.

When a law came out that finally punished prostitution clients and not prostitutes, France was proud and happy for those girls.

In recent years, France, observer, knew that the European Union is in crisis when England wanted to left it, with the terrible effort he had made to enter.

With everything that happens in him, in the world where he was born, France, the country of love, in the beautiful neighborhoods of Paris, walks melancholy with his life, his destiny and the world.

---

French phrases:

-Please. Forgive us. This is your fury, because we have been bad people, bad brothers, murderers and liars. But forgive England, forgive us. On behalf of all, we will change, forgive us.

- Majesty! The King of Heaven has commanded me to take you to the throne.

-Be free, France!

-All the world! Sing the Marseillaise!

-I'm sorry, my dear brother, I'm sorry.

- Are you proud of me, father?

"I'm not going to help you invade that poor boy just because you want to steal his oil, United States.

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Sorry for taking so long to upload this chapter, but I didn't have time, with many things, my graduation party (yes, I graduated from school! I'm so happy and at the same time so sad), and the parties, I had nothing time. Don't worry, I will never abandon this story since it is my biggest project here, and although late I will always try to upload new chapters.

I'm really sorry for the long of the chapters, I have resigned myself to this. I think I should put a warning, xd.

I believe that the stereotype of France, the country of love, is a distorted stereotype of the true stereotype of France. France was known for its debauchery and promiscuity and that surely was twisted into "love".

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Bibliographic sources: some people have asked me where I get the bibliography from. I always put where I get the bibliography but if you want it to be more retailer I have no problem: the basics always from Wikipedia attachments and if I want to understand it more I watch documentaries. You also have to know that I'm looking for information in Spanish, but I also check in English. Now, to better understand the historical and cultural contexts in different historical stages, I like to read articles about everything from the prestigious French monthly magazine Le Monde Diplomatique. Le Monde Diplomatique is a French monthly that makes analysis and documented opinions on politics, culture and world news, it's quite prestigious and is in many languages. I love this magazine and it's the one I frequent the most, I recommend it to everyone. I also look for many articles in a Spanish page called Rebellion, but it is only in Spanish.

Other bibliography in this case: Social Contract of J.J Rousseau. French Literature.

-Movies I saw to put me in context: The Kingdom of Heaven, Marie Antoinette (2006), Les Miserable's (2013), Germinal, The Round Up, The Chorus, MicMacs, Gods and Men, Bienvenue chez les Ch'tis, 22 Bullets.

-Music that inspired me: the theme Turdión, theme Aphrodisiac, theme No, Je ne Regrette Rein, Jacques Offenbach Opera Barcarolle, theme Tu vas me déstruire, theme Je Veax, and Les Miserables's sountrack, Hurts (Illuminated), The Kingdom of Heaven sountrack, song Vois sur ton chemin.

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Well, I really hope you enjoyed it. Soon I will upload another chapter of another country.