"ربي يسوع المسيح،يا ابن الله،ارحمنا نحن الخطأة"
(Lord Jesus Christ, Son of God, have mercy on me a sinner)
- Jesus Prayer for the Mystics (Arabic)
Heya, thanks for reading it this far! I hope I don't bore you with the text wall lol. Now, I'll be responding to your comments and constructive feedback.
SuhulSnow - A trio of women, covered head to toe in black veils not too different with the burqa, exit the C-sec building. One of three, a Greek, turns and faces the other two.
"Ladies, your permits?"
Her sisters in the faith, an Ethiopian and an Armenian, took out rectangular yellow cards and the Greek followed suit.
"And my Kebero." The Ethiopian took out her cylindrical drum.
"And my Duduk." The Armenian took out her guitar.
The Greek nun took out her icon, a vibrantly painted depiction of the resurrection of Christ.
"Inshallah we will be fishers of men!"
"Shubhan Aloho! Shubhan Aloho!"
At the end of the hallway, they turn see a trio of Hanar preaching about the Enkindlers to passerby. Holding the Evangelism permits in their hands, the nuns nod at each other.
"Convert the Jellyfish?"
"Convert the Jellyfish."
And so begins legendary Jellyfish-Nun wars, memed to hell and back by the cultured sapients of the Extranet.
Pops - Glad you like the premise, I hope I'll continue to make this a good fanfic.
Sedovatel - A living saint, but not self-proclaimed and his position is quite weird as well. You can guess why or await the next chapter to find out.
Obscuro-Signore51 - I do realize it's getting quite long however I have two main concerns with being too essential in the timeline writing. First and foremost is that I think if I don't explain some degree of the step by step, I feel like it will seem absurd to those not familiar with the material being used. Secondly, the detail allows me to keep the plotline more consistently and even provide me new opportunities to drive the timeline further. But I do understand how overwhelming it would be to the average reader, I will not claim otherwise but I just hope to clarify my reasoning. Thanks for reading!
Westfromashes Desperate Ground - Thank you so much for the reviews and for reading, but I have to admit I don't know if you two are separate people XD. As both of your comments have large amounts of similarity, I apologize if I cannot distinguish if this is truly two distinct persons. With the prior reason, I will respond to both with the same answer.
Yes this is an Orthodoxwank and I am proud of it XD. Jokes aside, I do try to make it as reasonable as a wank as possible by following existing patterns in history and enhancing them based on the current situation. I personally do think a united Church whose individual divisions alone managed to successfully install multiple Bishops in China and even a Metropolitan by around 900 AD while being persecuted by virtually everyone to have the potential to Christianize a huge swathe of human civilization if they were not only united but later patronized by the very kingdoms they converted.
The theme of Christianity coexisting with local culture is actually something I wanted to highlight about Eastern Christianity. I don't need to assume some kind of utopian people because in real life it already happens. The oldest examples would be the fact that until after Chalcedon, nobody had a problem with the Syrians and the Copts using their own styles of chanting, their own rites, variances in prayers and even liturgical calendars. A more modern example is the fact that the Aleut Christians didn't need to lose their totem poles at all, in fact, I heard that the Aleuts even made a double headed eagle totem pole.
Images of Aleuts in their traditional outfit praying in a Russian Orthodox parish, distinguished only by a small cross necklace only convinced me that if Rome didn't triumph, we'd be seeing a lot more culturally diverse but also doctrinally united Christianity. So don't worry about that theme, I'm keeping it going. In fact, I'm going to emphasize the cultural heterogeneity that results from this timeline. I think you or both of you, will be quite interested.
FaithlessWanderer - Thank you for staying interested despite your skepticism. If I may recommend, if you may have any beef with or criticisms of Christianity as you've experienced it, I would recommend that you withhold that as a suspense of disbelief. I believe you might enjoy it more that way. Thank you for reading and for commenting!
I just realized I misspelt Leif Erikson, so I will be correcting that mistake of mine in this chapter. Since the timeline is getting too long even for me, this timeline will gradually lose in detail. Now, let's get this timeline up till the Martian Prothean Archives. I'll gradually speed it up.
882 AD - Western imports of Chemical treatises resulted in an early discovery of gunpowder by the Tang alchemists. Christianization of China starts a transition from Taoist alchemy to Christian chemistry with the import of more works.
886 AD - A Malayali St. Thomas Christian mathematician named Aakar Tharakan Isahak writes a set of treatises and mathematical proofs on many topics. Through the belt, his works became influential in shaping the next generation of mathematicians as far west as Roman scholars in Cordoba to Srivijayan brahmins in Indonesia. What would have been discovered by the Marathi mathematician Bhāskara II was instead discovered by Isahak instead.
887 AD - Disputes over the Imperial Examination and its results in the Aksumite Empire among the princes breaks out into skirmishes. One prince appeals to the Romans, another to the Persians and one, strangely, to the Franks. Diplomatic tensions mount as ministers and Emperors debate the potential fallouts of each decision.
The kingdom of Syailendra in Java expands its reach to new colonies in the east, towns and ports are established in the islands of Bali and Lombok.
The Khmer Empire expands eastwards and capitalizes on the Apostolic Belt, seeing its lucrative yields and the wares it brings. Gold and silver was not produced by the Khmer and so one of the most precious Chinese commodities was silver and gold. Joining this network was thus a potential for a second source of gold and silver.
So, King Indravarman I welcomed the missionaries and legalized their evangelism, albeit to the extent of coastal cities. In those coastal regions, the king made a gamble by rewarding converts to Christianity with tax cuts for the next 25 years.
888 AD - Not long after Isahak's works, another mathematician published her works. A mathematician from Sogdia became the first to define Algebra and apply it on geometry.
889 AD - The Chola Dynasty annexes its smaller neighbors, but instabilities brought from the religious differences between Hindus and Christians delay further conquests.
890 AD - The Khmer king's gamble was a large success as the Apostolic Belt began splitting into two after Ceylon, one to the Khmers and one to Barus. Chinese ceramics and glass traded through the Khmers quickly became popular products in the Mediterranean and the Persian gulf. Other products of Southern China that were harder to acquire became easier through the mediation of the Khmers, leading to various european nobles placing reservations on some of these products through select traders.
892 AD - The Chola Dynasty expands north along the coasts of Coromandel.
893 AD - To feed their growing population, the Sassanids begin expanding east to India, passing through the Indus river to begin conquering North India. Kashmir and the Hindu Shahis are the first targets of conquest.
894 AD - By a stroke of bad luck and a string of defeats, the very targets of assault managed to claim Gandhara from the Sassanids.
897 AD - Fire lances and fireworks are invented.
898 AD - A mathematical golden age dawns as armenian and arab mathematicians in the Pandidakterion of Tabriz develop cubic interpolation and the first instance of non-euclidean geometry.
After the losses were retaken, the Sassanid troops under a recently promoted general named Arash displayed impressive performance as they not only conquered Kashmir and the Hindu Shahis but that they conquered everything in their path until the Yamuna river. The rulers of that land were quick to make peace treaties with the Sassanids, frightened by the fearsome soldiers.
With the abundance of new land, the Sassanid expansion into India stops and farming cities are built.
900 AD - World Population reaches 384 million
901 AD - The Uyghur Khaganate collapses, nomadic tribes in Central and North Asia become restless.
903 AD - Chemists in Constantinople begin mass testing of chemical reactions, deriving and naming all sorts of products. Hundreds of chemical formulas were listed alongside the conditions of their creation, properties of the products, reversibility and even production costs. Among those formulas are composite substances and mixes like gunpowder, testing their variants and for successful ones it is combined with Greek Fire.
Pascal's triangle and the binomial coefficients are popularized.
907 AD - From the initial success and records of the Magnauran Chemists from 4 years ago, the Roman Emperor establishes the Roman Chemical Assembly, an organization consisting of all natural philosophers and scholars involved in the discipline of Chemistry within the borders of the Roman Empire. The scientific method has its roots here in the theory, trial and record approach of the Magnauran Chemists.
The Aksumites plan expansion as well, starting with the kingdom of Shewa who had recently overthrown the kingdom of Harla. Underestimating their strength, the Aksumite expedition was defeated with significant losses and the humiliation was evident.
912 AD - Advances in machinery and metallurgy occur. Chinese engineers develop the Endless power-transmitting chain drive to build an intricate mechanical system for a water powered clock. Further west in Persia, the Bessemer process is invented with what technology they had at the moment.
Prices for steel are expected to drop as the technology spreads while chemists try to study the behavior of metals and their alloys for future projects in inventing better materials.
Calculus is invented by a Malayali mathematician continuing Isahak's legacy in the Malabar Coast.
914 AD - The discipline of mathematical analysis begins, in the Magnaura, Roman Empire.
916 AD - Javanese-Khmer war ends with a victory as the kingdom of Syailendra brings back the head of the Khmer king.
921 AD - The Ptolemaic model of the universe is currently in decline, being challenged by a school of thought advocating Heliocentrism. Regardless, the mathematical and philosophical debate between the two schools of thought result in the invention of the laws of planetary motion. The Ptolemaic model has long been modified to state that the Earth was not the center but rather close to it, with the planets orbitting around it. Mathematicians and philosophers of both schools are responsible for the development of the laws of planetary motion, differing in the speed and the center of orbit of the planets.
922 AD - Marutha discovers the true nature of the black demons and has reportedly return to Nisibis with them. The rumors were founded to be true that indeed it was black demons who slew Zaid centuries earlier and that these very black demons seemed to be allies or perhaps guards of Marutha. The black demons soon function as a third protective force alongside the Romans and the Sassanids in the city of Nisibis.
923 AD - Not long after the laws of planetary motion, as an evolution of the theory of Impetus, Inertia enters the scientific discourse.
926 AD - The start of a mathematical revolution pushes the current mathematical discipline into the equivalent of the first quarter of 15th century mathematics, with all subdivisions of mathematics developing by leaps and bounds. Pandidakterions everywhere are completely occupied with updating the curriculum to the current consensus every 5 years.
929 AD - The law of conservation of mass is formally established and the scientific method has reached its modern phase.
934 AD - The revolution continues, developing forward as if an entire generation of mathematicians had passed.
936 AD - Emperor Taejo unites the Korean Peninsula under the Goryo Dynasty. The Complete Christianization of Korea results in this new dynasty being a Christian one. The institution of concubines have been abolished and the Imperial Examination is instituted.
941 AD - The Apostolic Belt now connects Korea through the Malacca Straits and the Gulf of Thailand, where the belt's branches merge back into one at the coasts of Champa. Rivalries between the hegemonic Srivijaya and Khmer Empires begin taking an economic turn.
A development in Chemistry the relation between pressure and volume in gases are discovered. Boyle's law is discovered and an interest in steam and buoyancy begins.
942 AD - As the Apostolic Belt's connection stretches from Cordoba to Gaegyong, missionaries and merchants, particularly from Europe, began a race to develop the fastest and most durable ships. To reduce mediation of Chinese goods through Sassanid merchants at Syria, Romans begin the race for ships that could withstand a straighter route to Barus and Khmer.
944 AD - Marutha begins training his abilities and explore the limits of his own biology. Marutha left Nisibis to venture to Barus, leaving behind the black demons to guard Nisibis whose numbers seemed to only increase after executions or bloody raids occur. All in all, the people of Nisibis do not complain, they keep the bandits away and could easily apprehend troublemakers.
While Marutha trains, the Neo-traditional schools of medicine had begun experimenting with disease resistance. Using the Zoologion and their interpretations of it as their basis, the various schools of medicine concluded that like animals, the microbial creatures had similar creatures like dogs to wolves. As the dangers depend on common traits to both, perhaps developing immunity to those traits would result in immunity to both.
So, various physicians began categorizing the different diseases and plagues depending on overlapping resistances of different populations they encountered. Their logic was, if someone was immune to a disease, they must have gained that immunity from a similar disease. So by finding what diseases in common were resisted, the physicians categorized them and determined which was less lethal.
From these efforts, the first instance of a vaccine would be invented. Many treatises and categorizations emerged, many of whom are also wrong in their categorization. But many were also correct and based upon the working results, diseases were accurately classified into different groups.
949 AD - The magnetic compass is invented in parallel by astronomers and philosophers in Anatolia and China.
950 AD - As the ancient rival of Rome, the Sassanids join in the ships race to develop better trading vessels and strengthen their economic hegemony. What was once done through proxy wars are now rivalries in economy, philosophy, technology and infrastructure.
951 AD - The first scientific victory for Rome occurs, its mathematicians in Alexandria discover a method to solve all cubic equations.
953 AD - The Sassanids respond with its mathematicians solving quartic equations.
959 AD - Natural philosophy graduates of the recently opened Pandidakterion of Dunhuang, also known as the Dunhuang Imperial Academy, discover snell's law while studying the properties of glass.
964 AD - Bond trading begins in Barus. Paper money has long been adopted for copper coins and in some places, silver coins.
974 AD - Complex numbers enter into Mathematics.
975 AD - Gallilean relativity, also known as the Gallilean principle is established. The Ptolemaic model of the universe has virtually gone extinct in astronomical circles, remaining among cults and occultists.
976 AD - Complex and imaginary numbers are used to solve cubic equations. Music theorists in Samos, Roman Empire, influenced by Pythagorean thought calculate the equal temperament.
982 AD - Logarithms and euler's number are developed.
983 AD - Military rockets begin use in the Roman Empire.
Analytic Geometry is discovered by a Persian Mathematician.
984 AD - Greek Engineers in Nicaea formulate Pascal's Law.
989 AD - Ever since Emperor Wuzong's conversion to Christianity and the establishment of the Patriarchate of Chang'An, the emperors of the Tang dynasty coming forward have alternated between Taoists and Christians, with the exception of Emperor Xizong who was a Buddhist. After the death of the previous Emperor, who was a Christian, his successor is instead a Christian as well. The Taoist-Christian stalemate has been broken, with the favor being on the Christian side.
However, China is by no means a Christian state. Its culture has undergone Christianization and Tao-Christian syncretism is widespread, but most converts of Christianity are either city-dwellers or those who live within proximity of a trade route. Inland and rural China is still largely dominated by Tao-Christian syncretizers and in some places, a pure form of Taoism remains, albeit only a vocal minority among the various schools of Taoism at the time.
Daoshi, Taoist priests, were still large part of public rituals and private contacts, competing with Christian priests and mystic elders reminiscent to the Desert Fathers. In fact, legendary immortals and hermits are often identified with sinicized versions of the Desert Fathers or Chinese Ascetic Saints like Āluóhēxìng. Taoist orders are still common and in some places, one could find Taoist temples located just in front of a Church.
But even with Christian Emperors and the booming trade that comes with Christianity, the decline that came with the heavy destabilizing An Lushan rebellion was showing no signs of stopping. Slowly and steadily, a crack forms and the dynasty may fade away. Perhaps all it takes is a foolish Emperor, a decline in trade and then the next Dynasty may arise to replace the Tang.
991 AD - A proof for Fermat's last theorem is published.
992 AD - The earliest form of mechanical escapement, a mechanical linkage that gives impulses to the timekeeping element of clocks and mechanical watches, and periodically releases the gear train to move forward.
A noticeable increase in fishing yields occur in Java.
996 AD - Hooke's Law is discovered.
998 AD - Buttons for clothing begin in the Carolingian Empire.
Taiwanese natives fully convert to Christianity, Middag enters the Apostolic Belt. The Kingdom of Middag's main exports to the trade are Gold, Marble and Copper. Khmer interests in Middag gold culminate in improving relations, promoting trade with Middag and allowing a Khmer princess to convert to Christianity for political marriage with the newly converted Middag.
1000 AD - Continuing the Chronicles of Leif Erikson, the viking and his crew were travelling to Greenland to spread Christianity to its locals as a mission entrusted upon them by the King of Norway. Leif himself was previously a pagan who like many other vikings of the time have heard of the new god, Christ the Conqueror, whose priests have come to bring their faith into Midgard. He was no stranger to Izrael the Bulgar either, the legendary priest who challenged every warrior of the Æsir in the North and bested them all.
At the court of the King of Norway, who had converted to the faith of Christ, Leif Erikson was converted and his first mission is to spread the faith to the natives of Greenland. However, on his journey, a great storm arrived bearing fearsome waves that threatened to capsize the ship. Suddenly, the crew reported that they had seen a man, a greek, walking on the water and pointing in a certain direction.
Seeing this miraculous event, the ship changed course and the man on the water vanished in a strike of lightning. Following the mysterious man, no, saint's instruction, they soon arrived in a strange new land. In the exploration of the land, they discovered wild grapes, self-sown wheat, and maple trees. They set up camp and after some time collecting enough of these things, half of them returned to tell of the new land.
The other half, including Leif Erikson, remained out of reverence and a curiosity over the saint's purpose of pointing them to this land. While they await, they built themselves a village and a church containing an image and a figurine of the saint they met.
1003 AD - The fundamental theorem of Calculus is discovered by the Romans.
The Roman Chemical Assembly, collaborating with the Roman Military invents land and naval mines. Roman naval mines were of note, as they relied on a weight based internal mechanism to alter their buoyancy. These naval mines would be deployed, sinking underwater before the mechanism empties the mine's contents, rapidly sending it upwards where unsuspecting ships will be bombed from below.
These experimental weapons were tried in the ongoing Roman-Carolingian wars, devastating Frankish ships when they attempted to pursue Roman vessels. Of course, this results in the Romans successfully taking over the entire Mediterranean coasts, sending traders in Europe to either go through them as mediators, travel an extra distance around the Iberian peninsula or trade east through the black sea.
Three years later, more vikings arrive on what the arrivals call Vinland while those who remained call it Halganland. The arrivals help expand the settlement, building more longhouses and farms to cultivate the land's resources. Unlike before, most of the vikings returned with the goods but even so the population of the village doubled.
1005 AD - The isolation of the Mediterranean by the Roman Empire forces European powers to either ally with the Romans as the Hungarians, Bulgars and Kievan Rus did or somehow create a lucrative trade that can substitute the Mediterranean trade. Leif Erikkson's journey is sounding really tempting to the Carolingian Emperor.
Taylor's Theorem is discovered.
1008 AD - Emperor Ragenard of the Franks sends a fleet of colonists to Vinland, following the route used by the Vikings. He expects to hear of the colonists in six years time while for now, he decides to placate Rome. Less chance of the Romans finding out or considering Vinland should it become profitable.
1010 AD - Newton's Method for iteration is discovered.
1011 AD - The finite speed of light and the wave theory of light is discovered.
1014 AD - The Frankish Vinland colonists return with goods from America, leading the Emperor to begin forging stronger ties with the Viking polities to ensure safe passage to this faraway land. As the Romans seem to either not be aware or uninterested in this new land, Emperor Ragenard saw it fit to attempt to monopolize the trade before the Romas could make a move.
1016 AD - While the settlement of Halganland grows as Frankish colonists and merchants arrive alongside more Vikings, one of the Frankish expeditions encountered native hunters. The natives, seeing strange men, assumes that they are of a new tribe enroaching upon their hunting grounds and promptly becomes hostile. The two parties fought, leading to casualties on both sides until the natives retreat and the expedition reports of hostile natives.
Late 17th century Math is achieved.
1018 AD - Carbon dioxide is isolated from the atmosphere.
1021 AD - Another encounter with natives occur, the natives this time were very welcoming, even urging to trade and communicate. However, the colonists neither spoke their tongue nor thought highly of them. In fact, one of their friendly gestures was assumed to be a hostile act and almost started a fight until cooler heads prevailed. When they did, the colonists bartered some of their wine for a few pelts of fur which later on revealed itself to be quite profitable though not as much as it was in the original timeline to warrant a craze.
1023 AD - Newton's law of motion and law of gravitation are discovered.
1028 AD - After 7 years, a milestone in native interactions occur as both sides became quite amicable to one another. A place to trade between natives and colonists developed nearby, as wine and other european products were bartered for pelt and other bounties of North American nature. Both sides learned basic phrases of one another's language which helped them communicate better in their bartering. The colonists introduce themselves as either Vikings or Franks, with the odd Bulgarian or two while the natives introduce themselves as the Thule people.
1030 AD - The law of mass conservation is formally accepted.
1031 AD - Another milestone for the colonists and the natives occured as not only more tribes began trading but also that the trading spot had become a small market post in its own right with settlers selling their goods to the natives. Interpreters from both sides began to emerge as some native men and women learned Frankish and Old Norse while the settlers also learned the Thule's language.
Mathematicians of the Old World have reached the early 18th century.
1032 AD - Eyeglasses are discovered, taking advantage of Snell's law and lenses to correct sight. The practical usage of these ensured that they spread fast.
1036 AD - The trading post had now become a settlement in its own right and a common passing destination for the Thule tribes. Cultural exchange is evident as some of the explorers used dog sleds while some priests and monks lived with the Thule people as an ascetic feat but also as a way of studying their way of life to bring them into the faith.
The Roman Chemical Assembly once again working with the Roman Military, develops the first explosive bombs. These were developed as potential siege weapons where soldiers would throw them onto the walls or place them into the weakspots of walls in order to send it crumbling. Perhaps if spies could use it, one could assassinate the enemies of Constantinople.
1037 AD - Expeditions and the trading post encounter the Dorset people, very different from the Thule people but regardless an amicable trading relationship was reached. Their appearance seemed to be new to the Thules as well and instead of trading fur pelts and whale products, the Dorset people traded soapstone and seal products including a seal oil lamp.
1040 AD - Massive Turkish migrations hammer down on Sassanid Sogdia, marching onwards to Sassanid Persia. Like the conqueror Zaid, the Turks cleaved the Persian empire in half with their attacks and like a wave travelled West to devour most of the Sassanid Empire.
1041 AD - As relationship between the Thules and the settlers improved, Halganland saw some Thule merchants sale their wares directly there. Adoption of foreign coins for trade were done and first meetings between Tribe Chieftains, who could speak accented Norse, and the settler representatives from both the Frankish Empire and the Nordic Kingdoms occured within this year with favorable results. The first converts to the faith have driven priests in Vinland to call for more missionaries, confident in the christianization of natives.
On another hand, the Dorset people have all vanished entirely. No expedition had seen the Dorset people at all and it seems the Thules don't know about their whereabouts either.
1042 AD - The Romans develop hand-cannons and the first multi-stage rocket, mainly for military purposes. They considered the possibility of using multi-stage rockets to fire across walls weapons that would disturb the city's defenders and accelerate surrender or defeat.
1044 AD - Native-Settler trade took a noticeable dip as it seems tribal warfare is blowing up among the Thules. Western mercenaries are offered to some of the chiefs but most of them decline, declaring that it is their war. For one chief who accepted, he is impressed enough at their fighting prowess that he becomes the first among later tribal chieftains who would hire Frankish and Viking mercenaries into their tribal conflicts.
1045 AD - Evolving from the hand-cannon, the Romans develop the first cannon for siege purposes.
1047 AD - The region of Iran fell to the Turkish migrations, who establish the Kara-Khanid Empire now occupying Transoxiana, Sogdia, modern Iran and Afghanistan. The quick and fatal conquest can be attributed to many factors where despite the much more advanced technology and larger population of the Sassanids, led them to lose.
The Turkish migrations actually occured in waves, beginning with the Gokturk wave where the Gokturks who ruled a vast empire as far west as the Caucasus mountains and as far east as Manchuria overthrew the previous Rouran Khaganate. When that happened, the turkic peoples expanded in all directions spreading their culture throughout the Eurasian Steppe. Parts of these migrations are the Bulgars, the Khazars and the Pechenegs who formed Eastern European Khaganates and frequently come into conflict with nearby states like the Kievan Rus, the Byzantine Empire and Hungary.
Now, divergences that occured like the fact that the Bulgarian Khaganate successfully reconquered Great Old Bulgaria in Crimea and that the Roman-Sassanid Caucasus Gate that blocks incursions and migrations through the Caucasus mountains remains, all this alongside stronger states that border the steppes result in the Turkic migrations being bottled up. Anything past Crimea is mostly out of reach for migrations and the few turkic migrations that succeed merely trickle into Europe, becoming absorbed into the local culture and rarely forming any states. The only notable demographic changes from these migrations after the Bulgarians recover Crimea are the formation of the Eastern Slavs, which are a group of slavic tribes who have intermarried with the steady Turkic migrations resulting in a group of Slavs with a notable degree of Turkification.
The Central Asian Steppe Nomads frequently create large, trans-continental empires with intermediate phases in between still divided over large amounts of land. With the migrations bottled up, the turkic peoples are forced to combat one another and Khaganates rivalling and seeking to conquer one another emerged much more readily. 1040 AD marked a breaking point where large amounts of Turks migrated down to Iran through Transoxiana.
This migration was also not merely a one off event, which could simply be defeated in another battle. Instead, the seven years since the initial invasions was a continuous migration of Turks as Central Asia became emptier. The Persians were frankly just outnumbered and overwhelmed, leading to their current state.
Frankish astronomers invent a tool called Jacob's staff to measure the angle of stars and their motions, allowing calculations to be done about their distance from Earth.
1048 AD - The Dorset people return amidst a year of colder winter, this time trading almost exclusively soapstone and seal pelts for food. Like the Thules, the Dorset begin trading with the settlers through the post on a regular basis and during the winter, most expeditions to the colder regions would encounter the Dorsets hunting sea creatures with spears through the ice sheet.
1050 AD - The Thules undergo a language expansion as loanwords from Old Norse and Frankish entered their language to describe european sights and goods. A potential alphabet creation much like what happened to the Bulgars and subsequently the slavs may happen here.
1053 AD - Mainsprings are invented by engineers in the Roman Empire, moving machinery forward.
1054 AD - The Sassanids manage to keep all their Indian, Mesopotamian, Persian Gulf, South Arabian and Mazandarani territories. The city of Hamadan and Tabriz now act as border cities that contain the newly formed Kara-Khanid Empire. But with power projection being severely diminished from the migration, the Sassanids broke into two. On the west, the empire still centered on their old capital, is known as the Western Persian Empire while the new empire in the east is centered on a new city where Delhi would have been built known as the Indo-Persian Empire.
The Romans develop the hand-cannon into the first rifles. Experimental tests prove them useful to fend off the archer wielding Turks, allowing the Romans to prevent what remains of the Sassanids from being annexed.
1055 AD - The Dorset language is decoded further and the Dorsets reciprocate it by knowing basic phrases and words in Old Norse.
1056 AD - The Roman Arquebus enters use.
Frankish Astronomers develop the Astrolabe for better navigation to Vinland.
1059 AD - At the current political situation, the Silk Road grinds to a complete halt. The end of the Silk Road due to the Kara-Khanids and now its expansion into Central Asia has fatally struck the Tang Dynasty. The Chinese economy is plummeting, unrest rises as land merchants lose their wealth almost overnight and corrupt governors effectively ruled their provinces like fiefs.
The instabilities caused by the An Lushan rebellion fully manifests itself and the Tang Dynasty ends here. The dynasty violently fractures into many warring states, centered around cities of renown. It is known as the Six Dynasties and Twelve Kingdoms period, where even non-Han like the Uighurs, Jurchens and Manchus established themselves as candidates to the next dynasty of China.
In the West, similar but far less intense unrest occurs as the Apostolic Belt kept the economy alive. But soon, extreme fluctuations in the Belt's chinese wares would become apparent and a search for new riches would begin. Now, what was that thing the Franks said about new land to the west?
The first floating dry docks are built in Athens for a new generation of Roman ships. Coinciding perfectly with news of the new land, the Romans get on to assembling more ships for the journey.
1063 AD - The first settlement in Vinland, Halganland becomes the first city in the North American continent with a community largely consisting of Vikings and Franks but with growing sub-communities of Thules, Dorsets and Romans.
1064 AD - Engineers in Constantinople develop the stocking frame, automating the knitting process.
1071 AD - Seeking faster routes to Vinland, Roman traders try travelling by going straight from the Iberian peninsula across the Atlantic Ocean.
The backstaff is invented by a Polish explorer.
1072 AD - The Norman Conquest of England occurs.
West Persian engineers develop the revolver.
1073 AD - The Roman Atlantic route begins as Roman merchant ships and to a lesser extent, Frankish ships, begin travelling across the Atlantic Ocean in a straight course for Vinland. More of the Canadian east coast is discovered and beyond the generally cold environment of Vinland, lush forests can be seen. From this route, it became clear that Vinland was merely a part of a much larger island and one at least the size of Scandinavia.
New settlements in these warmer coasts are established, primarily by the Romans who were closer to them than the Franks.
Coptic astronomers in Alexandria invent the telescope, competing with the Franks in Astronomy and Cosmology. Multiple derivatives and variants of Heliocentrism emerge with more star movements documented.
1075 AD - Natives in these warmer regions were discovered and hearing of the experiences of the Varangians (Vikings) and the Franks, the Romans were well equipped with beginning dialogue with the curious and well-meaning natives. It wasn't long before they traded Roman goods for their wares and presentation for these wares piqued the interest of Roman merchants who see the potential for this to reduce or even replace the Silk Road.
Chola dynasty scholars develop the compound microscope, validation of Marutha's Zoologion through the first direct observations of large cells assures the Neo-Traditional schools of medicine in their practice.
1078 AD - In the Cathedral of Salisbury, a new rite of Christianity forms as a derivative of the Latin rite. The Sarum rite was constructed as the third western rite of Christianity, alongside the Latin rite and the Ambrosian rite. Two thirds of the rite consisted of the Latin rite while the rest is an eclectic mix of different influences.
1080 AD - In a strange turn of events, unexplained even until now, Christianization of the Thule people upon their language being well understood went along rapidly. Baptisms occured in such a rate that the european traders were used to seeing Thules go in and out the city's parishes, coming out fully drenched in water and carrying baptismal gifts back to their tribe.
Likewise it's common to see ascetics from europe live among the Thules as a way of leaving the world. These monks would go hunt with the Inuits, help build their camps and introduce the more practical european technologies. In some cases even, the monks acted as translators or teachers to facilitate better trade.
Most Thule Christians are of the Ambrosian rite, with a significant minority of the Latin rite and a minority of the Greek rite. Following the Uyghur Yurt Churches of Asia, the first parishes among the Thule people were nomadic.
Roman engineers develop the Slide rule as a part of Infrastructural and Architectural reforms instituted by the current Emperor under the behest of his ministers.
1083 AD - Trade between the Romans and the natives became routine, both sides eventually knew of each other's names. These natives are known as the Mikmaq.
The first mechanical calculator is built in Ancyra.
1087 AD - By now, it's reasonable for one to wonder why the Columbian Exchange and its diseases seemed to go out of mention. Why aren't there any plagues that are supposed to kill 80% - 95% of all the natives? This would come to a shock but the trade itself is the very reason.
Copper and bronze coins became commonplace after the Plague of Justinian, which revealed to public opinion in the old world the efficacy of copper and bronze in preventing or curing diseases. Over time, it was discovered any copper alloy could do the same to varying degrees with pure copper being the most effective. An early study of copper's antimicrobial properties in our timeline in fact discovered just how extensive the properties are.
In 1852, physician Victor Burq visited a copper smelter in Paris. He quickly judged and correctly so, the dangerous and unhygenic nature of the job. In fact he said that normally, their mortality rates were pitiful.
But strangely, in Cholera outbreaks that occured in the city on the years 1832, 1849 and 1852, the outbreak did not kill even one of them. This wasn't an isolated incident either as Victor Burq discovered that between 400 to 500 copper workers in the same street did not experience the plague as well. To give scale to this outbreak, Paris had a population of 650,000 and 20,000 of them died.
Considering that Cholera's untreated death rates range from 25% to 50%, this suggests that the total infected may have numbered from 40,000 to 80,000. Now, remember that the plague repeated again two more times and even still, none of the copper workers died at all. Amazed by this data, Victor Burq did a research not only in Paris, but in the rest of France and even the rest of the world.
The results was, he could not find the death of jewellers, goldsmiths or boilermakers, all who worked with copper. He couldn't find the death of army musicians who used brass, a copper alloy, instruments either. The total amount of reports he used to finalize this research accounted for more than 200,000 people.
On a more modern setting, research has shown that even the Covid virus will not survive more than four hours on a copper surface while on steel surfaces it will last about three days. It works for bacteria, virus and even some forms of infectious fungi and every student of Neo-traditional medicine by now in this timeline knows about its antimicrobial properties. Copper coins are standard alongside copper utensils, copper furniture, copper jugs and etc.
So when trading with the natives, a lot of copper products were exchanged and the natives themselves kept copper coins as currency when they noticed that bartering did not exactly give them the best deals. So when European diseases like flu arrived, most of the trading natives were unaffected. Those who did also recovered faster and some noticed European wares having an influence after repeated sicknesses.
At best, only 5% to 20% of tribes were wiped out and even then rather slowly than the sudden shock of the Columbian exchange. Good relationships with the settlers also meant that they had some access to European medicine that helped. With that, the Columbian exchange was more of a Columbian trickle.
Any native hate towards settlers for disease-related things never happened and in some cases the natives were even quite grateful at European medicine for things they couldn't handle.
1089 AD - The barometer and the vacuum pump is invented.
1090 AD - A pendulum clock is built in Alexandria.
1091 AD - Studies of magnets and electromagnetism in Thessalonikki yield the world's first electrostatic generator.
1093 AD - The Roman Chemical Assembly develops a prototype for a piston engine using gunpowder as fuel. Though short-lived, it demonstrated the possibility of extracting mechanical work and automation from heat and pressure.
1097 AD - Further explorations by Roman, Frankish and Viking ships discover the Carribean and Alaska respectively.
1099 AD - Evaluating the resources present in the Carribean and Alaska, the powers of Europe began sending a second wave of colonists. With the current opinion on the "barbarians" are that they are conducive to trade and conversion, colonists have been commanded to co-exist and open trades with them.
1101 AD - The alcohol thermometer is invented.
1102 AD - On the Roman side of colonization, a small milestone is reached between them and the Mikmaqs as simple phrases in both languages begin to be used to establish trade communications.
1103 AD - The first commercial steam engine is developed, its main use being automatic rowing for ships.
1105 AD - The octant, a tool for navigation, is invented by the Franks.
1107 AD - Mesoamerica, Panama and Brazil are discovered by the Romans, who frankly are horrified by the Mayan civilization's human sacrifice. The Roman Jews on board were especially disturbed, reminded of Moloch and of the old child-devouring gods. Sentiments of a holy war begin to appear.
On the Frankish-Viking and now Norman end, California and Kamchatka are discovered.
Improvements in the automated sewing machine is made, allowing the Romans to begin outcompeting Indian and Jiu Dynasty silk by sheer volume of production.
1109 AD - Improvements in Chemistry lead to the cheaper and larger production of a number of important chemicals.
1110 AD - Hostile tribes prompt the Romans to begin punitive expeditions and conquests against tribes that were hostile or interfered with Roman trade.
As steam engines spread, coal became more prized as a commodity. As a result, nations with coal reserves like Middag, Khmer, Srivijaya, Syailendra, Sunda, Kievan Rus and Bulgaria found themselves approached by Roman ambassadors seeking reservations of a specific resource and once granted, trade increased.
1113 AD - A primitive capacitor is invented.
1114 AD - Lightning rods are invented.
1115 AD - Noticing the European farms and their seeming abundance of food, several Thules began imitating their agriculture. Taught by some Europeans who were interested in the Thule, they began farming Nordic crops and comparing their yields to hunting.
The Romans successfully conquer a hostile neighboring tribe and begin its integration into the Roman Empire. As a show of good will and an incentive to friendlier tribes, the Romans give the conquests adjacent to the Mikmaqs as a present.
As Hindu states are in heavy decline due to being technologically left behind, the Silk trade's two major powers left are only the Chinese and the Romans by both volume of production and lower prices.
1117 AD - The Mikmaqs forge closer ties with the Romans, appreciating the gift of more land and Roman recognition and implied protection of the new borders. Tribesmen were sent to the Roman colonies to learn more Greek and Missionaries were sent to the Mikmaqs to study their language and their culture.
1119 AD - A few Dorset follow in the Thules footsteps but since their territories are so cold and inhospitable, they take a gamble of moving south near the settlers to try living a life of farming themselves. Climate changes, mainly a warming in this period, are gradually removing the Dorset's ability to hunt through the ice. As a result, starvation gradually ensues and so these desperate Dorsets tried if these farms brought upon by the settlers could save them.
The first refrigerator is invented.
1121 AD - Accented Greek and accented Mikmaq is common among the interpreters of the Romans and the natives.
1123 AD - More hostile tribes emerge and Roman conquests continue.
Introduction of the steam engine to the Franks began the start of the North-European Coal Industry. Franks, then later Poles, Vikings, Normans and other European powers unallied with Rome began mining operations for coal.
1125 AD - After a decade, many of the Thule culture people, the proto-Inuits, began farming Nordic crops. Seeing the abundant results, the Inuits began to gradually transition to a more agricultural diet and tribes who adopt this began to slowly settle. European technology and knowledge began to be traded for by the proto-Inuits.
An improvement to the steam engine's design is made.
1127 AD - Territorial gifts to the Mikmaq were eventually politely rejected as the Mikmaqs could no longer control beyond a certain size. Instead, they point to tribal allies of the Mikmaq as more trade partners.
The discovery of coal in the Americas sent nations who have adopted the steam engine to quickly race to their native trade partners and introduce their demand for coal, which the natives gladly obliged as more European goodies were traded. As western tribes had more coal in general, many tribes opted to act as trade mediators to the Europeans, starting a trade network that will continue for centuries to come.
1128 AD - Three more friendly tribes enter formal trade and diplomatic relations with the Romans.
1130 AD - A steam engine powered autonomous vehicle is invented, the earliest example of a car.
1131 AD - The Kara-Khanids, whose greatest extent included Iran, Afghanistan, Transoxiana, Sogdia, Kazakhstan, Central Tibet and Western Tibet found themselves suffering critical military defeats in an invasion of the newly born Jiu Dynasty.
The Jiu Dynasty is an Uyghur dynasty originating from the region north of Gansu. During the fragmentation, the Uyghur tribes took control of two Tang Dynasty provinces and merged with them. Under the lead of three khagans posthumously titled as emperors, the Jiu Dynasty slowly expanded southwards and eastwards until they remain the sole claimant to the title Emperor.
Now, unlike the Qing or Yuan Dynasties, the Uyghur Jiu Dynasty is not seen as a conquest dynasty. The Uyghurs have bordered the Tang for four centuries by now, assimilating into their clothing, culture and also religion. In fact, the Uyghurs were christians first by around two centuries.
By establishing the Christian Jiu Dynasty and increasing the Uyghur-Han cultural exchange through this dynasty's establishment, the current view of the Uyghurs are that they are half-Han or half-Chinese rather than foreigner or barbarian. The start of full Uyghur assimilation into Chinese civilization is marked with the introduction of Turkish archery, reforming the Chinese military with the advantages, weapons and techniques of the Turkic peoples. With that, the Dynasty begins a great start in officially adding Chinese ports into the Apostolic Belt.
The first weighing scales are invented.
1132 AD - After this critical defeat, the Kara-Khanids were struck from the west by the West Persian Empire, who were aided by the Romans to reconquer the lost territory of the Sassanid Empire. Now, why would the Romans be interested in reviving their old rivals? Well, they wouldn't be.
Ever since the Sassanids were shattered, the West Persian Empire had been the site of many political machinations of the Romans who established stronger ties between both imperial families. The house of Sasan was gradually extinguished and replaced with a new dynasty.
Hellenization was minute but the political gains of the Romans are not to be underestimated. In fact, the sole heir of the royal house of West Persia has been adopted by the Romans due to instabilities in Persia's politics. This in itself is not unique, Emperor Justin adopted the persian crown prince as his son before and so did several other Emperors. In fact, interadoptions became an uncommon albeit acceptable political move between the two.
But this time, a Roman dynasty found itself as the Shahanshah of Persia. The absurdity of the situation was not lost to Crown Prince, no, Emperor Darius I the Macedonian. If it weren't for the successful progress of the reconquest, the weakened Persian state and the friendly rivalry of the two states, he'd have a riot with slogans like, "Archgreek Darius not welcome in Achaemenid Persia."
1133 AD - The fragmentation of the Turks was a welcome event as this weakness not only meant that the reconquest is going better but that the Turks are occupied with each other and also with the Indo-Persians, who begin their reconquest as well.
1137 AD - The first boring machine is invented.
1138 AD - Iran returns to Persia. Gujarat enters into the possession of the Indo-Persians.
1140 AD - The first Air Compressor is made.
1141 AD - Coastal Afghanistan and Pakistan is reconquered.
1142 AD - A stroke of luck and a string of decisive victories allowed reconquest of Afghanistan, Pakistan and Sogdia.
1145 AD - A fatal blunder on the Indo-Persian side allowed a short lived Turkish conquest on the Indo-Persians, allowing the Macedonian Persian Empire to reconquer all previously lost lands of the Sassanids, driving the Turks either away or subjugating them into the empire.
In Athens, the first large scale steamboats are made in its dry docks.
1146 AD - The Carolingian Empire's dominance over the native american coal trade challenges the status of the Roman Empire's economic hegemony.
The first manned hot air balloon is constructed. Elsewhere, the first parachutes make their appearance.
1149 AD - In Egypt, coptic engineers constructed the first threshing machines to automate farming in the Nile delta and around the Qattara Sea.
1151 AD - Once the instabilities have ended, the true nature of the new dynasty is revealed. The adoption of Darius became grounds to declare him co-emperor, establishing two parallel lines of emperorship, one in Constantinople and one in Seleucia-Ctesiphon. The Roman Emperor knew the Persians wouldn't simply submit so then, perhaps it would be easier to simply unite the Empires in the form of a duality, a co-emperorship between the two lines now established.
The Persians are relatively accepting of this, considering that there was not too much change with the Roman-Persian Diarchy. Both Emperors stayed largely in their own turfs and interventions beyond it were largely optimizations on trade routes. Calling it a Roman-Persian Empire is incorrect, it would be more like the Western and Eastern Roman Empires.
1154 AD - The mikmaqs and other allied natives undergo passive Hellenization. Roman technologies begin diffusing as permanent settlements grew in number, with agriculture being the main cause. Roman missionaries officially begin their mission.
The power loom makes its appearance not in Rome but in China. Making up for the loss in quality and production of silk during the Six Dynasties and Twelve Kingdoms period, the power loom is commissioned by the Emperor to return China's dominance over the Silk Road.
1155 AD - Persia begins redeveloping their colonies off the coast of East Africa and Madagascar. Thanks to a still competitive Indonesian trade and diffusion of more advanced technology, the Austronesian settlers of Madagascar retained their Indonesian culture. Persian influence results in a Madagascar formed from a melting pot of Persian, Javanese Hindu, Malay, Bugis and Southeast Asian Sea people cultures.
1158 AD - Sewing machines make their appearance.
1159 AD - The Silk Road returns to business, this time with new wares from the West. However, its return was not as prestigious as it once was before, as the new Atlantic-American trade proved to be more profitable.
1164 AD - Modern semaphore telegraphy appears.
1167 AD - Cotton gins make their appearance.
1173 AD - The Jiu Dynasty begins its voyage to the Americas through the pacific. To showcase the might of the Dynasty, a fleet of ships were sent straight from Canton to arrive in California.
The hydraulic press is discovered in Athens.
1174 AD - Plywood is discovered.
1179 AD - The first paper machine makes its entrance, reducing the already relatively cheap price of paper in the world.
1180 AD - Marutha begins construction of the Panama canal. He convinces the powers that be of the canal's joint ownership of the canal between the Jiu, the Romans, the Persians and the Carolingians.
1183 AD - The first working batteries are made.
1188 AD - The first proto-Inuit city is established as the Inuits experience technological uplifting from their trades. Their population grew much faster than before due to the agricultural adoption and so cities had stronger tendencies to form.
1189 AD - The Skræling alphabet is formed, a written language composed of a mix of Nordic runes and Frankish letters that are modified to resemble more like symbols of the proto-Inuits. Missionaries helped the spread of literacy among the proto-Inuits.
1190 AD - The steam locomotive is invented.
1192 AD - The invention of the steam locomotive is patronized by the Roman Empire and the Persian Empire, who plan railways connecting the land all the way from Hispania to North India. Currently, the Roman Empire possesses 1.6 million km or 1 million miles of road, all of which are paved thanks to an abundant Imperial Treasury, Trade and Marutha.
1194 AD - The internal combustion engine makes its appearance.
1196 AD - The first automobile powered by the internal combustion engine appears.
1199 AD - As an incredible feat of engineering, the Romans, with the collaboration of the Persians and some patronage from the Franks, construct a 19,200 km, 12,000 mile long railway that connects the city of Cordoba in Hispania to the city of Ahurashah in North India. The main route passes through cities like Milan, Split, Ohrid, Constantinople, Nicaea, Amasya, Amida, Nisibis, Seleucia-Ctesiphon, Ahvaz, Kermān and finally, Ahurashah.
Smaller railways to the side connect other states and important cities to the grand railway. Shorter railways connect Aachen with Milan, Alexandria and Antioch with Amida, Tehran and Shiraz with Ahvaz.
1200 AD - Tribes adjacent to the Romans now had hellenized names, spoke and wrote their native languages almost as if it were a dialect and different script of greek, many had adopted Greek-rite Christianity and the first Pandidakterion in America had been built.
1204 AD - Technology as a whole reaches the equivalent of the year 1820.
1214 AD - Technology as a whole reaches the equivalent of the year 1830.
1215 AD - The Jiu Dynasty, seeing the success of the Roman-Persian railway, decides to create its own. To compete with the improved transportation of its western rivals and the increased trade that comes with it, the Jiu Emperor declares that China must not be left behind and so commences the construction of its own railway.
1222 AD - Technology as a whole reaches the equivalent of the year 1840.
1228 AD - From colonization and relative co-existence, North America enters the City-States and Confederations era. Beyond the colonies of Old World nations, many native americans had adopted technologies, culture and religion from the arrivals. These revolutionary changes to native society resulted in the formation of City-states and their alliances, almost identical to the Greek city-states and the Hellenic league of Old.
Those with less advanced neighbors on the other hand, tend to develop instead into full fledged states, performing conquests with their more advanced technology and developing ruling systems similar to the King of Kings and the satrapies of Persia.
Christianity in North America is divided over the Ambrosian rite on the North, the Greek rite on the East Coast and as Jiu Dynasty colonization begins, the Tang rite has entered America.
1232 AD - Technology as a whole reaches the equivalent of the year 1850.
1241 AD - Technology as a whole reaches the equivalent of the year 1860.
1251 AD - Technology as a whole reaches the equivalent of the year 1870.
1260 AD - Technology as a whole reaches the equivalent of the year 1880.
1268 AD - Technology as a whole reaches the equivalent of the year 1890.
1276 AD - Technology as a whole reaches the equivalent of the year 1900.
1285 AD - Technology as a whole reaches the equivalent of the year 1910.
1294 AD - Imperial patronages of planes quickly evolved into an air race to see which Empires are the most prosperous through air travel.
1404 AD - Technology reaches the equivalent of 2020.
1424 AD - The last holdouts of non-Christian faith have been Christianized. Yes, including the Sentinel Island natives. As the entire world has been united under one faith, there is no other direction to look but up.
1445 AD - Martian explorers discover the Prothean Archives and soon decode its contents. Publishing it into the internet, governments and institutions around the world brace as the winds of change have fallen upon mankind.
And that's it for the timeline folks! After this, we'll explore spacefaring humanity and its divergences from us. A six hundred year headstart should make this quite interesting, especially with what Marutha has to say. Thank you for all your feedback and thanks for reading!
Next Chapter: The Council of Bethlehem