Chapter 1 - T. Rex Returns Part 5

Soon the group had approached another small clearing, which had a number of small animals gathered. Five large Komodo dragon-like lizards were basking in the sun as they lounged upon a large rock colored similarly to gila monsters covered with light brown scales, black and white stripes, visible around the tail, black heads with the males having orange dewlap throats, blakc feet, and white spots, whilst ten smaller lizards with dark brown and blakc striped tails while five of them having dark blueish bodies, red spots over their bodies and heads, while the others being grayish brown with brown spots, and a light brown nape scampered around in search of food like insects. And at least three different species of mammal, two of which resembled opossums, the first being larger one having a dark brown stripe and a brown body, a pale rose tail, a pink snout, black markings around the eyes, pale feet with white claws, and white underbelly; the second one having a brown back grading to a light brown, with white spots, blueish purple tail ending with a black tip, black markings around the eyes, pale snout and feet white white claws; and the third of which resembled a mix between a rat and a Tasmanian devil, dark brown back grading to a light brown with white spots, black feet, a gray black striped tail, pink nose, white underbelly, and a white collar on the nape of its neck, they were likewise scattered throughout the clearing as they fought with each other for food. And coiled up on top of a large log were six large python-like snakes, and Charlie being the reptile guy identified each one.

Charlie: "I read the guide on these reptiles. The monitor lizards are Palaeosaniwa canadensis, an extinct species of carnivorous lizard from the late Cretaceous of North America. The name, given by Charles Whitney Gilmore in 1928, means "ancient Saniwa from Canada".

Palaeosaniwa was roughly comparable to a large monitor lizard (Varanidae) in size. Measuring around 3–3.5 m (9.8–11.5 ft) in length, it is among the largest terrestrial lizards known from the Mesozoic era (though Asprosaurus may compete with it in size). Later study shows estimation with snout–vent length about 85 centimeters (33 in) for Maastrichtian species. Palaeosaniwa is a member of the Platynota, a group that includes the monitor lizards (Varanidae) and Gila monsters (Helodermatidae). Originally, it was thought to be a member of the Varanidae, but has also been interpreted as a relative of the Helodermatidae. The most recent analysis places Palaeosaniwa outside of either Varanidae or Helodermatidae, as a stem member of the Varanoidea. Its precise affinities remain poorly understood, but it may be related to other Late Cretaceous, North American carnivorous lizards such as Parasaniwa, Paraderma, Labrodioctes, and Cemeterius. These large Lizards were similar in size It is similar to modern varanid lizards like Komodo Dragons, the largest lizard in the world, in having bladelike teeth with minute serrations and they could be venomous. These teeth would have been effective for seizing and cutting large prey items, and suggest that Palaeosaniwa fed on other vertebrates. Adult Palaeosaniwa would have been large enough to prey on any of the avialans or mammals known from the time, small non-avian dinosaurs, and the eggs and juveniles of large dinosaurs. Palaeosaniwa was originally described from the late Campanian of Alberta. More recently it has been reported from the late Campanian of Montana, and the late Maastrichtian of Montana and Wyoming. It is known primarily from isolated teeth and vertebrae, but two partial skeletons have also been discovered. The type species, P. canadensis, is from Alberta. Although the Maastrichtian Palaeosaniwa has traditionally been referred to as this species, it succeeds by roughly ten million years. Given the distance in time between these animals, they are likely to represent distinct species, but the available fossils are too incomplete to be certain. They would have been egg raiders feeding on nests of dinosaur eggs. While the small lizards are Chamops, an extinct genus of polyglyphanodontian lizards from the Late Cretaceous-Early Eocene of North America. Chamops grew to approximately 0.5 meters (20 inches) long, and 2 kilograms (4 pounds) in weight. Unlike other polyglyphanodonts, Chamops had a more blunt snout. Chamops belonged to the Chamopsiid family of polyglyphanodonian lizards that lived in the Northern Hemisphere during the Late Cretaceous, although there are some possible Chamopsiid genera from South America and the Kem Kem Bone Beds in Morocco. It was originally thought Chamops and kin are related to whiptails, although it is now thought they are more closely related to iguanas. The ones with the brightly colored are mostly males, and those snakes that could be Dinilysias, I found one when escaping death with a T. rex in this bag and it's a female.``

Thomas: "I think these are Dinilysia patagonica meaning "terrible ilysia", an extinct genus of snake from the Late Cretaceous (Coniacian) of South America. But I don't know how these serpents end up here, but someone I read online who believes in speculation believes this snake had a common ancestor that somehow ended up in both Hell Creek and the South American location they've actually been found in.

Charlie: "I think that guy was right on this one. Anyway, This snake can reach a length of 6–10 feet (1.8–3 meters) and prey on smaller animals. The shape of the animal's skull does support the suggestion that snakes were burrowers during their ancestry; it is clear that Dinilysia was terrestrial. Dinilysia is a stem snake that is very closely related to the original ancestor of the clade of crown snakes. Once the fossil of the snake was discovered, an x-ray computed tomography was used to build a digitized endocast of its inner ear. The results displayed that the Dinilysia patagonica's inner ear anatomy had 3 main parts. It had a large spherical vestibule, large foramen ovale, and slender semicircular canals in its inner ear. Especially significantly, the spherical vestibule is an inner ear organ that is a morphological signature of burrowing snakes. A large spherical vestibule does not exist in aquatic or generalist (both land and water) snakes, only in snake species that burrow. A spherical vestibule contains a large saccular otolith, which transmits vibrations to the snake's brain. Due to a spherical vestibule, Dinilysia is especially sensitive to low-frequency ground vibrations rather than airborne frequencies. The surmounting evidence displays that Dinilysia was more than likely a terrestrial burrower from the Cretaceous era. This discovery also extends its evidence to the fact that a burrowing habit predates the lineages of modern snakes. These ancestral snakes detected predators and captured prey specifically using low-frequency ground vibrations."

Brock: "The guide says it is one of the best known Cretaceous, terrestrial-snakes, native to the Late Cretaceous Anacleto Formation of Neuquen province, Argentina. The specimen has twenty-four mid-posterior trunk vertebrates and is referred to as such due to a variety of morphological features. The degree of knowledge represents the most valuable records of snakes from the Upper Cretaceous of Gondwana. Recently, Dinilysia has been labeled a sister group of all living alethinophidia. Therefore this Cretaceous snake still contributes a significant amount within the debate on the origin of snakes and phylogeny. In terms of the locality and age of the Dinilysia the fossils can typically be found in abundance in sandstone sediments favored to the Anacleto formation. Additionally, the overall morphological similarities between that of Dinilysia has been used to determine the phylogeny and possible relations of the characteristics which other more present snakes may share. The articulate snake vertebrate fossils were found and studied in terms of the trunks and vertebral morphological variation has allowed for the deduction that they could be identified in the Dinilysia genus. Additionally, the ongoing debate of whether snakes evolved on land or in the ocean; certain pieces of evidence point towards oceanic origin based on possible close relationships between snakes and mosasaurs. However, further evidence shows that terrestrial origin is quite possible because of the structure similarities between the inner ear of the Dinilysia and similar burrowing squamate snakes. Based on both the evolutionary and morphological features and similarities that Dinilysia possess, evidence can be drawn from the features in order to predict the general location of origin. Furthermore, the anatomy of fossilized skull fragments of Dinilysia suggests that there are numerous plesiomorphic and apomorphic characters in comparison to respective extinct snakes, and present day snakes as well. These can be loosely attributed to the adaptive morphological characteristics present in the effects of terrestrial adaptation, in comparison to that of aquatic adaptation which would result in many more water adaptive features, especially in that of the skull and the spine as to ensure water to be a livable environment for the snake. There are numerous resources for evidence of the morphological characteristics of Dinilysia, including a full medium sized skull of which also has the posterior brain, the vessels, the cranial nerves, the inner ear, as well as the semicircular canals of the skull structure: which have all been naturally endocranially cast, which has been recorded as the first natural endocranial casting of an extinct snake species. The information that has been studied and presented from this fossil has brought light to new information regarding the morphological importance of different characteristics within the semicircular canals, as well as the functionality of the olfactory bulb. Through the study of the lightly differentiated castings of the portions of the brain, it was assumed that it was a terrestrial reptile due to the level of development of the olfactory sensory bulb within the cast brain. Therefore, if it had to be deduced whether snakes, and more specifically, Dinilysia adapted terrestrially or aquatically, the presented studies all suggest in one form or another that the features and adaptations present in Dinilysia are more likely to be those of terrestrial adaptations than those of aquatic adaptations based on not only morphological characteristics, but plesiomorphic and apomorphic shared characteristics to that of current living snake species.``

All: "Whoa!"

Lana Loud: "Interesting, I bet Diablo would like them?!"

Mandy: "Please no more on the snakes "

Numbuh 3: "Oh! Oh! Me next Can I talk about the little Mousies?!"

Thomas: "Yes, Kuki, you can, and they're small primitive mammals."

Numbuh 3: "Really? Thank You!" (reading on the guide) "They're called Alphadon meaning "first tooth" was a genus of small, primitive mammal that was a member of the metatherians, a group of mammals that includes modern-day marsupials. Its fossils were first discovered and named by George Gaylord Simpson in 1929. Not much is known about the appearance of Alphadon, as it is only known from teeth, a lower jaw and skull fragments. It probably grew to about 12 in (30 cm) and may have resembled a modern opossum. Judging from its teeth, it was likely an omnivore, feeding on fruits, invertebrates and possibly small vertebrates. Alphadon had a very good sense of smell and sight to track down its food, both during the day and night. Its possible whiskers could have also aided in its search for food. The smaller ones are Cimolestes meaning , "chalk robber" in Ancient Greek, a genus of early eutherians with a full complement of teeth adapted for eating insects and other small animals. Paleontologists have disagreed on its relationship to other mammals, in part because quite different animals were assigned to the genus, making Cimolestes a grade taxon of animals with similar features rather than a genus of closely related ones. Fossils have been found in North America, South America, Europe and Africa. Cimolestes first appeared during the Late Cretaceous of North America. According to some paleontologists, Cimolestes died out at the start of the Paleocene, while others report the genus from the early Eocene. Most species have been described from teeth and isolated fragments. One complete articulated skeleton provisionally assigned to Cimolestes has been found. It shows a small, agile, tree-dwelling predator with long toes for grasping branches and a prehensile tail at least twice the length of its body. It has the largest number of tail vertebrae known in any mammal. The genus was once considered to be marsupials; later it was reclassified with the placental mammals, as ancestors of the Carnivora and the extinct Creodonta. Recent researchers have agreed the species assigned to Cimolestes are primitive eutherian mammals, members of a Cimolestid clade (an order or family named after the genus), part of the larger clade Didelphodonta (a superorder or order, not to be confused with the marsupial clade Didelphimorphia). Didelphodonts have been placed within the Ferae, as a sister group to Carnivora. However, consensus is emerging that modern placental mammals evolved later than previously thought, that other types of mammals had long, diversified, and successful histories, and that Cimolestes and many related genera are stem eutherians, more closely related to placentals than to marsupials but outside of placental mammals proper, and not closely related to any living animal. And lastly, Meniscoessus a genus of extinct mammal from the Upper Cretaceous Period of what is now North America. It was a member of the extinct order Multituberculata. It lies within the suborder Cimolodonta and family Cimolomyidae.

The genus Meniscoessus was named by Cope E.D. in 1882. It has also been known under the following names: Cimolomys (partly), Dipriodon, Halodon, Oracodon, Moeniscoessus, Selenacodon(partly), and Tripriodon. It was a small mammaliamorph. As an endotherm, it needed to eat on a regular basis to produce the energy needed to regulate its body. It was an omnivore, mostly eating plant material but occasionally fed on small animals, like insects or even lizards and dinosaur eggs. Being a small animal in a time of large dinosaurs, it was prey for theropods, So how was it?"

Thomas: "Perfect, These should be relatively easy to rescue."

Numbuh 4: "Agreed mate, this would be too easy!"

And sure enough, getting the smaller animals through the portal proved easy, with Charlie and his gang taking care of all the reptiles while the rest worked together to lure the mammals through the portal with food bait.

Lola: "Okay now that's done, Now what?"

The team had just started to watch when the distinctive barking squawks of raptors filled the air several yards ahead of the group.

Lynn: "Did that sound like a?"

Thomas: "Yes, it did!"

The group headed off to investigate the noise, eventually arriving at another clearing in time to find a pack of raptors feasting upon a dead pachycephalosaurus, they were covered with blakc spotted dark brown feathers ending with a saddle at the base of the tail, black and white feathers on the wings and tail feathers, the tail was light brown with black stripes, black cap heads with crests on the males, a white disk like mask ending with a black border on the face, and gray-scaly feet and snout ending with a black tip.

Thomas: "Pectinodon bakkeri, a Troodontid, meaning "comb tooth" referring to the comb-like serrations on the rear edge of the teeth. The specific name honors Robert Thomas Bakker., Named by Kenneth Carpenter in 1982. Although it is valid only by one tooth, But looking at relatives with more fossils remains we can get a better idea what it looked like. Pectinodon was

small predatory dinosaurs specialized to a nocturnal lifestyle. Their large, forward-facing eyes, and acute hearing abilities make them especially adept at hunting prey at night, almost like a flightless owl. It specializes in small mammals, its long legs allowing it to chase down prey before dispatching them with the large claws on its feet. Pectinodon are omnivorous, however, and will also eat plants and eggs. Pectinodon is thought to be one of the smartest non-avian dinosaurs, but a pack like this one could take down dinosaurs larger than a pachycephalosaurus,

But how to catch them?"

Cilan: "Be careful, I read that they are smart and intelligent."

2: "I do have something, I recorded a roar of a T. Rex from earlier in this recording device."

Then the chubby boy plays the recording. The pectinodon snapped their heads up from the carcass, hissing in fury at the strange new noises, as Cilan sets up the portal. Soon the entire pack of pectinodon charged through the portal when Numbuh 2 calmly summoned it right as the raptors were practically seconds away from reaching him and the group. Once the last of the pectinodon had entered and the portal had closed.

Numbuh 2: "How did I do?"

Cilan: "Nicely done, My friend"

Clemont: "Couldn't have done it better myself, I'm jealous."

Numbuh 1: "That's Numbuh 2, for you!"

Numbuh 4: "Always the big brainiac in the team.

Numbuh 5: Even if he can be a doofus sometimes, and tells corny jokes even."

Numbuh 2: "Hey, I resent that remark!"

Soon they traveled down the river walking along the shore, soon they found what they were looking for, the same Female T. Rex. It was following something down below the river where a dead triceratops was floating down the river before washing up on shore, a victim from the stampede.

Thomas: "Guys look over there! There, that's what the T. Rex is after, that's what she's after. There's a Triceratops corpse and she can smell that. That's why she's been moving along the river."

Diana: "Mr. Tran, I think we better hide"

Thomas (Whispers): "Agreed Thank you, Diana Come on! Get on the bank. (To the team) She's there. I don't want her to see us."

The team hid in the bushes across from the Female T. Rex on the other side of the river, the theropod was looking desperate and had gashes on her left leg.

Thomas: "She's starting to move away. I'm certain it's the female that was attacked by the Triceratops. She's been able to track down this free meal despite being on her own and badly injured because T. Rex's have a superb sense of smell."

French Narrator: "She's in luck. The triceratops carcass has become stuck. This is a chance to get really close to her. She must be so hungry. She's desperate for an easy meal. Even though T. Rex is everyone's ultimate monster, you feel sorry for her. She's a top predator. They're so top-heavy. If she went in this deep fast-flowing water, she'd be flipped over. But she's desperate for the meat. You just feel so sorry for her. She's desperate to get out there, but she's got no chance. Looks like she's wading in shallows as the Fast moving River can help clean her wounds."

As the dead Triceratops was lodged against the fallen logs and rocks on the shore as the T. rex tries to approach the carcass. But then a crowd came flying down to the scene, the same flock of Quetzalcoatlus have landed on the triceratops carcass as they started pecking flesh out from the squawked and hissed at the T. Rex spreading their wings to make themselves look bigger as they drove the T. Rex off.

Thomas: "Looks like she's got company and the Quetzalcoatlus, they beat her and now are driving her off."

French Narrator: "The T. Rex limps off, leaving the group to figure out what to do next."

After the T. Rex left the nearest Quetzalcoatlus sniffed the air and let out a hoarse squawk and the entire flock turned to look at them.

Thomas: "Another fact about Quetzalcoatlus is when it was first named as a new species in 1975, scientists estimated that the largest Quetzalcoatlus fossils came from an individual with a wingspan as large as 15.9 m (52 ft). Choosing the middle of three extrapolations from the proportions of other pterosaurs gave an estimate of 11 m, 15.5 m, and 21 m, respectively (36 ft, 50.85 ft, 68.9 ft). In 1981, further advanced studies lowered these estimates to 11–12 m (36–39 ft). More recent estimates based on greater knowledge of azhdarchid proportions place its wingspan at 10–11 m (33–36 ft). Remains found in Texas in 1971 indicate that this pterosaur had a minimum wingspan of about 11 m (36 ft). Generalized height in a bipedal stance, based on its wingspan, would have been at least 3 m (9.8 ft) high at the shoulder. Weight estimates for giant azhdarchids are extremely problematic because no existing species share a similar size or body plan, and in consequence, published results vary widely. Generalized weight, based on some studies that have historically found extremely low weight estimates for Quetzalcoatlus, was as low as 70 kg (150 lb) for a 10 m (32 ft 10 in) individual. A majority of estimates published since the 2000s have been substantially higher, around 200–250 kg (440–550 lb). Quetzalcoatlus was abundant in Texas during the Lancian in a fauna dominated by Alamosaurus and would have shared the same landscape. There have been a number of different ideas proposed about the lifestyle of Quetzalcoatlus. Because the area of the fossil site was 400 km (250 mi) removed from the coastline and there were no indications of large rivers or deep lakes nearby at the end of the Cretaceous, Lawson in 1975 rejected a fish-eating lifestyle, instead suggesting that Quetzalcoatlus scavenged like the marabou stork (which will scavenge, but is more of a terrestrial predator of small animals), but then on the carcasses of titanosaur sauropods such as Alamosaurus. Lawson had found the remains of the giant pterosaur while searching for the bones of this dinosaur, which formed an important part of its ecosystem. In 1996, Lehman and Langston rejected the scavenging hypothesis, pointing out that the lower jaw bent so strongly downwards that even when it closed completely a gap of over 5 cm (2.0 in) remained between it and the upper jaw, very different from the hooked beaks of specialized scavenging birds. They suggested that with its long neck vertebrae and long toothless jaws Quetzalcoatlus fed like modern-day skimmers, catching fish during flight while cleaving the waves with its beak. While this skim-feeding view became widely accepted, it was not subjected to scientific research until 2007 when a study showed that for such large pterosaurs it was not a viable method because the energy costs would be too high due to excessive drag. In 2008 pterosaur workers Mark Witton and Darren Naish published an examination of possible feeding habits and ecology of azhdarchids. Witton and Naish noted that most azhdarchid remains are found in inland deposits far from seas or other large bodies of water required for skimming. Additionally, the beak, jaw, and neck anatomy are unlike those of any known skimming animal. Rather, they concluded that azhdarchids were more likely terrestrial stalkers, similar to modern storks, and probably hunted small vertebrates on land or in small streams. Though Quetzalcoatlus, like other pterosaurs, was a quadruped when on the ground, Quetzalcoatlus and other azhdarchids have fore and hind limb proportions more similar to modern running ungulate mammals than to their smaller cousins, implying that they were uniquely suited to a terrestrial lifestyle. So Quetzalcoatlus was a land predator Hunting small animals and even young dinosaurs and scavenging on occasion."

Lotte: "What do we do now?"

Amanda: "Hey! I got a plan!"

Then she approaches the flock and blares a horn at them to which the pterosaurs began to hiss and squawk at her. Eventually, they all dived towards her, at which point, she calls out to Constanze.

Amanda: "Constanze! the portal!"

Constanze thumbs up as she sets up the portal and the pterosaurs come diving through, moving as if a single entity.

Thomas: "Good work, Constanze, now let's follow our T. rex!"

They left the river towards the forest as they were still walking through, heading for the rendezvous point. As they walked through the forest, something would move through the undergrowth periodically, before they walked out into a clearing and heard a barking caw. The group turned to each other; something had been following them. The caws got louder and louder as the bushes rustled, before a theropod dinosaur emerged in the clearing in front of them. It was about six feet long and covered in feathers, with only its eyes and its muzzle being bare. Charlie looked closely – the theropod looked awfully familiar…

Charlie: "Oh my!"

Gerald: "No! No! No! No!"

Numbuh 2: "It can't be?!"

Arnold: "We must have walked into its territory."

Thomas: "Dromaeosaurus albertensis, meaning "Running Lizard", The generic name is derived from the Greek (dromeus) meaning 'runner' and (sauros) meaning 'lizard'. The specific name, "albertensis", refers to Alberta. A raptor and a genus of dromaeosaurid theropod dinosaur It was described by William Diller Matthew and Barnum Brown in 1922. Despite receiving widespread attention in popular books on dinosaurs, and the usage of a complete mounted skeleton cast in museums throughout the world, Dromaeosaurus is poorly known from actual fossils. The preparation of the popular cast by the Tyrrell Museum was only made possible by knowledge gained from other dromaeosaurids that have been discovered more recently. The first known Dromaeosaurus remains were discovered by paleontologist Barnum Brown during a 1914 expedition to Red Deer River on behalf of the American Museum of Natural History. The area where these bones were collected is now part of Dinosaur Provincial Park in Alberta, generic name is derived from the Greek (dromeus) meaning 'runner' and (sauros) meaning 'lizard'. The specific name, "albertensis", refers to Alberta. Dromaeosaurus was a medium-sized carnivore, about 2 m (6 ft 7 in) in length and 15 kg (33 lb) in weight. Its mouth was full of sharp teeth, and it probably would have had a sharply curved "sickle claw" on each foot. It lived during the Campanian stage of the Late Cretaceous and fossils were unearthed in the Dinosaur Park Formation. However, some fragmentary remains such as teeth which may belong to this genus have been found from the late Maastrichtian age Hell Creek and Lance Formations, dating to 66 million years ago, and even the Aguja Formation. Dromaeosaurus had a relatively robust skull with a deep snout. Its teeth were rather large and were shaped like a curved cone with a coat of enamel covering the crown. It had only nine teeth in each maxilla. Dromaeosaurus also had a vein at the back of the head, the vena capitis dorsalis, that drained the front neck muscles through two long canals running to the posterior surface of the brain. The Meckelian groove of Dromaeosaurus is rather shallow and does not have much depth."

Goh: "I read that the discovery of Dromaeosaurus gave rise to its own family of dinosaurs, Dromaeosaurus is the type genus of both Dromaeosauridae and Dromaeosaurinae, which include many genera with similar characteristics to Dromaeosaurus such as possibly its closest relative Dakotaraptor. Dromaeosaurus was heavily built, more so than other dromaeosaurs that are similar in size, like Velociraptor. Matthew and Brown originally placed Dromaeosaurus to its own subfamily, the Dromaeosaurinae, within the "Deinodontidae" now known as Tyrannosauridae based on some similarities in the general proportions of the skull. In 1969, John H. Ostrom recognized that Dromaeosaurus shared many features with Velociraptor and the newly discovered Deinonychus, and assigned these forms to a new family: Dromaeosauridae. Since then, many new relatives of Dromaeosaurus have been found like Acheroraptor that we encountered before Dakotaraptor, Velociraptor, Utahraptor, Atrociraptor, and Pyroraptor to name a few. The exact relationships of Dromaeosaurus are somewhat unclear. Although its rugged build gives it a primitive appearance, it was actually a very specialized animal. In an analysis of the clade Dromaeosaurinae, species such as Utahraptor, Achillobator and Yurgovuchia have been recovered. The genus Dakotaraptor has been classified as the sister taxon to Dromaeosaurus, but more recent analysis do not recover such a close relationship."

Thomas: "Good to know about its classification history Goh, Dromaeosaurus differs from most of its relatives in having a short, massive skull, a deep mandible, and robust teeth. The teeth tend to be more heavily worn than those of its relative Saurornitholestes, suggesting that its jaws were used for crushing and tearing rather than simply slicing through flesh. Therrien estimated that Dromaeosaurus had a bite nearly three times as powerful as that of Velociraptor and suggested it relied more on its jaws than on the sickle claw to kill its prey. In a study predominantly centered around Shuvuuia, Dromaeosaurus was compared to the former and also to Tyrannosaurus, in which both Dromaeosaurus and Tyrannosaurus were discovered to be diurnal predators.

Dromaeosaurus' feeding habits were also discovered to be typical of coelurosaurian theropods, with a characteristic "puncture and pull" feeding method. Studies of wear patterns on the teeth of this animal by Angelica Torices in a study regarding theropod feeding habits indicate that dromaeosaurid teeth share similar wear patterns to those seen in the tyrannosauridae and troodontidae, respectively. However, micro-wear on the teeth indicated that Dromaeosaurus likely preferred larger prey items than the troodontids it shared their environment with. Such differentiations in its diet likely allowed the theropod to inhabit the same environment as its more distant maniraptoran relatives. The same study also indicated that both Dromaeosaurus and Saurornitholestes likely included bone in their diet and were better adapted to handle the stresses associated with attacking struggling prey while troodontids, equipped with weaker jaws, preyed on softer animals and prey items such as invertebrates and carrion. This feeding strategy and ability to handle struggling prey was also a feature that the theropod also shared with tyrannosaurids such as Gorgosaurus, which was also analyzed in said study alongside these smaller theropods."

Bloo: ""Um Thomas? How is this any better?"

Suddenly, the Dromaeosaurus threw back its head and cawed loudly; the two humans and toons backed closer to each other as the undergrowth rustled all around them. Suddenly, several more burst out from different angles, surrounding them with the females being light brown, one individual has worned, broken feathers, and scars on its snout indicating it's an old individual while the juveniles had tan colored heads. However, the dromas were hesitating, as if wondering whether to attack the group.

Charlie: "Wait! I think I know one of them!"

All: "What?!"

Charlie: "I was trapped in the log with one of them – the leader. I recognise that one over there! You're with me Mallow!"

Mallow: "Ok?"

The lead dromaeosaur sniffed Charlie, an intent look of realization in its eyes. Charlie smiled and threw a bunch of jerky in the air, whilst Mallow opened the portal. The raptors dived after the meat, moving as if a unified entity. After the last one had gone through, Mallow shut off the portal.

Charlie: "Way to go, Mal You did it!"

Mallow: "Oh it was nothing."

. . . . .

Meanwhile at the Park. Things were very busy at the holding pens, Travis couldn't help but shake his head side to side in bemusement at the sight of the dromaeosaurs and quetzalcoatlus.

Travis: "Three raptor species in one mission. I'm actually kind of impressed."

Keeper#1 (grumbling): "Let's just hope these guys aren't as difficult as the pectinodons, the last thing we want is when they bring back a pack of Dakotaraptors."

Keeper#2 (pointing at the quetzalcoatlus): "Forget them, Who's the poor sap who'll have to handle THOSE?"

As if responding to the statement, one of the pterosaurs let out a loud shriek, which reverberated painfully through the air. Travis and the holding pen team winced, several of them placing their hands against their ears, with even the team at the holding tanks covering their ears.

. . . . .

Meanwhile, back in the Cretaceous period, the entire rescue team was gathered at the entrance to the valley.

Thomas: "We've probably got a couple of hours before the meteorite strikes, So we need to make that time count.

All: "Yes! Agreed! Of course! Yeah!"

Bubbles: "Guys Look at the footprints!"

Thomas looks at it as he gets down takes a finger sample and licks and did the same with

along with several other footprints of different species of herbivores.

Thomas: "The herd's regrouped and headed thataway. The Edmontosaurus footprints have the three toes hindlimbs and the hoof prints of the forelimbs, The small footprints belonged to Thescelosaurus, The medium sized are Ornithomimus, The larger are Pachycephalosaurus, and the five-toed forelimbs and four-toed limbs, The larger ones are Torosaurus and the smaller ones are Triceratops.

Chloe: "Well, That's good news."

Thomas: "However…" (Before he pointed at a series of large three-toed footprints.) "The T. rex has followed the herd, too!"

Rigby: "What's the plan?"

French Narrator: "Luckily, Thomas has, at last, come up with a plan of his own."

The team wasbuilding a wall made out of fallen logs and stones on the right side and on the left side of the river to form a funnel.

Bloo: "Why are we doing this?!"

Thomas: "We're trying a technique used by game capture teams for things like antelope. The T. Rex is working her way downriver. We've got ahead of her. She won't go onto uneven ground and she won't go near the water. We've built this palisade of logs and we'll funnel her toward the time portal and back to the safety of the 21st century. We hope."

French Narrator: "The meteorite is getting ever closer. So is the T. Rex, and a mixed species herd of herbivores are running scared."

We heard screeches, chirping, honking, and grunts as the mixed species herd arrived as they observed them, the Ornithomimus, Thescelosaurus, and juvenile Pachycephalosaurus were around the edges of the herd moving about the feet of the large herbivores snatching insects disturbed by their feet. Then they noticed something coming towards them back to the team, they felt the ground begin to rumble. Suddenly, a massive herd of herbivorous dinosaurs tore down the hill, pursued by the female T. Rex.

Numbuh 1: "We're almost out of time! We gotta hurry!"

Thomas: "There she is, the T. Rex. That's why they're spooked. If we're lucky, she'll chase them through the time portal and we can have a mixed-species breeding herd and colonies of these herbivores at Paleo Park.

Sandy: "Here we go!"

French Narrator: "Trapped between the T. Rex and the 21st century, they opt for the portal."

Thomas: "Yeah, one, two. They are belting through! A whole phalanx of them!"

Charlie: "Travis is gonna get a real surprise out of this!"

Sandy turned the portal on and when the portal opened, all the herbivores started barrelling right through, too preoccupied with escaping the predator to care about this new object.

. . . . .

At the park Travis was looking down the catwalk seeing the herd of herbivores coming out from the portal running down the corridor and into the holding pens.

Travis: "Holy! Charlie! Thomas! What have you done this time?! Phoebe! Geronimo! Trey! we've got a bit of a situation here!"

. . . . .

Back in the Cretaceous, the T. Rex hasn't gone through yet as it found its prey.

French Narrator: "But one Ornithomimus is slower than the rest."

Unfortunately, an old Ornithomimus had lagged, The T. Rex was getting closer before long the large female tyrannosaur grabbed it, held it in the air, and shook it violently, eventually killing it and breaking the log wall at the same time. It had made a successful kill as the team fell to the ground during the impact.

. . . . .

Meanwhile, back at the park, Travis and the holding pen team were working to contain the massive herd of herbivores whilst Phoebe and Geronimo were closely watching the injured male quetzalcoatlus. So far, he was doing rather well and was currently exploring the recovery aviary he was in. She nodded her head and looked at her team.

Phoebe: "Good work everyone, So far he appears to be on the mend, but let's keep a close eye on him, just in case."

. . . . .

Back to us, the team who have recovered from the impact noticed the female T. Rex carrying the Ornithomimus in her jaws and starts to leave.

Thomas: "That was close. She took the Ornithomimus right there. It's just a snack for her. It was an elderly individual."

Dee-Dee: "Hey she's leaving!"

Mordecai: "We can't let her escape again!"

Thomas: "Yeah, Time's running out. We must follow her!

French Narrator: "With its catch still uneaten, the hungry T-Rex limps off back the way she came."

Thomas: "I can't understand. Why doesn't she just devour the Ornithomimus? We cannot afford to lose her. We do not want to go back to Paleo Park empty-handed."

As the team followed the T. Rex behind them from a distance without being stopped.

Thomas: "It seems based on a new study, tyrannosaurs had unique ligaments that supercharged their feet, allowing them to move swiftly across vast distances. This new study helps to show that even on a microscopic level, tyrannosaurs were adapted for both long-distance running and rapid acceleration." Proportionally, tyrannosaurs had longer feet than any other big carnivorous dinosaur, but the uniqueness of their feet didn't stop at their long stride. The large middle bone of their foot is triangular when viewed from the front or cross-section, and it tapers to a narrow ankle—a feature that Holtz dubbed "arctometatarsus" in the 1990s. The large ligaments strengthened the soles of tyrannosaurs' feet near the toes in a way that would have been unique among large dinosaurs and not present in any modern animal. The pull of ligaments and tendons can cause tyrannosaurus' bones to extrude, leaving behind rough, undulating surfaces on the bone. There have been identified rough surfaces in tyrannosaur fossils, but it remained possible that unfossilized cartilage or quick growth might be responsible for the rugged terrain. Researchers could test for ligaments by training a scanning electron microscope (SEM) on the rough surfaces where bones touch in the tyrannosaur Gorgosaurus. The authors then extracted thin, translucent sections of metatarsal bones from a tyrannosaur and a "control" dinosaur, the small carnivore Coelophysis. SEM revealed pits in the rough bone surface, which matches tight ligament attachments in modern animals. The internal bone structure of the tyrannosaur showed mineralized ligaments that anchored the sinews within the bone. Coelophysis lacked such strong attachments. Researchers discovered even more ligament attachments that bound the foot together, both externally and internally. The authors' methods also enabled them to rigorously test for the presence of soft tissues in fossil animals like tyrannosaurs. Soft tissues like ligaments and tendons are critical to how the skeleton functions, but they are rarely preserved in fossils. Finding evidence of these tissues helps elucidate how these ancient animals operated as living beings. Aside from answering a longstanding question, the intricacies of tyrannosaur feet also hold relevance for human health. People are among the best long-distance walkers and runners of any animal today, but ligament and tendon injuries are common, comprising an estimated 30-50% of sporting injuries. Over-exertion can pull tendons and ligaments, so understanding how these structures attach to the bone—even in extinct animals like dinosaurs—can help humans avoid such injuries."

French Narrator: "The gang's still tracking the T. Rex. She's almost on her last legs. Moving so slowly now, but they had a chance to catch up. But where she's going remains a mystery. But they are about to find out."

They went down an area with rocks and a small cave. The female T. Rex rumbles into the cave as if she is calling something in there as she drops her kill in front of the cave entrance. Then out from the cave came two juvenile adolescents. These T. Rexes resemble the adults in color, but with dark pale faces, thinner muzzles, longer legs, a lighter build, and light brown proto-feather manes on the necks and arms. The female T. Rex was a mother.

Thomas: "Wow, It's been a long climb, but worth it. We just stumbled upon a family of Tyrannosaurs. There are babies there. She's badly injured, but the babies need food, so she's brought the Ornithomimus all the way here."

Eddy: "No way!"

Thomas: "Paleontologists suspected that dinosaurs showed parental care. For us, it's fantastic."

Spongebob: "Amazing!"

Mordecai: "We've hit the jackpot!"

Thomas: "While there is no direct evidence of Tyrannosaurus raising their young (the rarity of juvenile and nest Tyrannosaur fossils has left researchers guessing), it has been suggested by some that like its closest living relatives, modern archosaurs (birds and crocodiles) Tyrannosaurus may have protected and fed its young. Crocodilians and birds are often suggested by some paleontologists to be modern analogues for dinosaur parenting.

other dinosaurs such as Maiasaura peeblesorum, the first dinosaur to have been discovered to raise its young, as well as more closely related Oviraptorids, the latter suggesting parental behavior in theropods. I read about a controversy with T. Rex being involved with Nanotyrannus lancensis. It was once thought to be its own distinct species, but it turns out Nanotyrannus was in fact, a juvenile stage of T. Rex.``

After the Female T. Rex dropped the Ornithomimus corpse in front of the cave entrance. The two adolescents dived on the carcass, beginning to feed, under their parents' watchful gaze.

Rigby: "Oh gross!"

Lana Loud: "Hey, It's just like birds. She's a caring mother! We can get a whole family of T. Rex back to Paleo Park."

French Narrator: "But Lana's optimism is short-lived."

The team heard bellow roaring as they hid behind the rocks. It was a rival adult male Tyrannosaurus who followed them. The youngsters hid in the cave as the mother stood in front of the cave and hissed at the threat.

Thomas: "This is not good, The male wants that carcass. And the young are hiding. If he sees them, they could be in trouble. I'm sure, like all reptiles, T. Rex can be cannibalistic.

Evidence also strongly suggests that tyrannosaurs were at least occasionally cannibalistic. Tyrannosaurus itself has strong evidence pointing towards it having been cannibalistic in at least a scavenging capacity based on tooth marks on the foot bones, humerus, and metatarsals of one specimen. Fossils from the Fruitland Formation, Kirtland Formation (both Campanian in age) and the Maastrichtian-aged Ojo Alamo Formation suggest that cannibalism was present in various tyrannosaurid genera of the San Juan Basin. The evidence gathered from the specimens suggests opportunistic feeding behavior in tyrannosaurids that cannibalized members of their species. A study from Currie, Horner, Erickson, and Longrich in 2010 has been put forward as evidence of cannibalism in the genus Tyrannosaurus. They studied some Tyrannosaurus specimens with tooth marks in the bones, attributable to the same genus. The tooth marks were identified in the humerus, foot bones, and metatarsals, and this was seen as evidence of opportunistic scavenging, rather than wounds caused by intraspecific combat. In a fight, they proposed it would be difficult to reach down to bite in the feet of a rival, making it more likely that the bitemarks were made in a carcass. As the bitemarks were made in body parts with relatively scanty amounts of flesh, it is suggested that the Tyrannosaurus was feeding on a cadaver in which the more fleshy parts already had been consumed. They were also open to the possibility that other tyrannosaurids practiced cannibalism. This intruder male would be a threat to her and her young.``

The two T. Rexes roared at each other and charged. They dealt many blows, Biting each other

often in the face and snout, pushing and shoving, But the injuries of the female became a disadvantage and the rival male was winning the fight.

Brock: "We better find some cover!"

As we hid among the rocks, then the male grabbed the female by the throat until she tripped and the male drags her to the ground and places his foot on his fallen opponent bellow roaring in victory.

Thomas: "I think she's fully stunned. The babies, there's no chance for her. Mum's fallen. I can't see any movement at all here."

The rival male was about to deliver the killing blow to the throat that is until it was interrupted by another loud Bellow Roar in the distance.

All: "Huh?"

French Narrator: "If there was one thing A T. Rex is afraid of and fears. It's a bigger larger

T. Rex!

A larger Adult Male T. Rex arrived at the entrance of the cave, it was the same male T. Rex that Charlie's group encountered that tried to eat Charlie and wedged Numbuh 4.

Danny: "Wait?"

Gerald: "Can it be?"

Lincoln: "Is it?"

Charlie: "No way!"

Mallow: "That's impossible!"

Numbuh 4: "That's the same Rex that wedged me!"

Numbuh 3: "I think that must be the daddy of the family!"

Thomas: "I believe so!"

Numbuh 2: "I hope he doesn't recognize us?!"

Charlie: "I wonder if he's part of the family?"

The Rival turns around to face the Real King of this domain. As the Two Adult T. Rexes stared and circled each other hissing to intimidate as they bellowed roar before long they charged and fought. Biting each other on the shoulders, Neck, Snout and head. The adult male shoves his rival against a rock wall pinning his rival down to the floor and hissing at him, the rival male gets up and runs off as the Male T. Rex Bellowed roared at him sending the rival packing. Then the adult male turns to the female as he rumbles nuzzling her snout trying to help her stand up

Using his bulky body, the female using what little strength slowly got back up on her two feet, although the male was large in size, the female was taller than him in height. The two juveniles came out of the cave and warbled to greet 's assumption was correct.

What Charlie's group saw was a monster, but a caring father.

Thomas: "You were right, Charlie, same with Numbuh 3, he's the father and the female mate!"

Numbuh 2: "Wow, we had an encounter with the dad!"

Lincoln: "It seems T. Rex also has a sense of touch feeling with their snouts. A 2017 study by Thomas Carr and colleagues found that the snout of tyrannosaurids was highly sensitive, based on a high number of small openings in the facial bones of the related Daspletosaurus that contained sensory neurons. The study speculated that tyrannosaurs might have used their sensitive snouts to measure the temperature of their nests and to gently pick up eggs and hatchlings, as seen in modern crocodilians. Another study published in 2021 further suggests that Tyrannosaurus had an acute sense of touch, based on neurovascular canals in the front of its jaws, which it could utilize to better detect and consume prey. The study, published by Kawabe and Hittori, suggests that Tyrannosaurus could also accurately sense slight differences in material and movement, allowing it to utilize different feeding strategies on different parts of its prey's carcasses depending on the situation. The sensitive neurovascular canals of Tyrannosaurus also likely were adapted to performing fine movements and behaviors such as nest building, parental care, and other social behavior such as intraspecific communication. The results of this study also align with results made in studying the related tyrannosaurid Daspletosaurus horneri and the allosauroid Neovenator, which have similar neurovascular adaptations, suggesting that the faces of theropods were highly sensitive to pressure and touch. However, a more recent study reviewing the evolution of the trigeminal canals among sauropsids notes that a much denser network of neurovascular canals in the snout and lower jaw is more commonly encountered in aquatic or semi-aquatic taxa (e.g., Spinosaurus, Halszkaraptor, Plesiosaurus), and taxa that developed a rhamphotheca (e.g., Caenagnathasia), while the network of canals in Tyrannosaurus appears simpler, though still more derived than in most ornithischians, and overall terrestrial taxa such as tyrannosaurids and Neovenator may have had average facial sensitivity for non-edentulous terrestrial theropods, although further research is needed. The neurovascular canals in Tyrannosaurus may instead have supported soft tissue structures for thermoregulation or social signaling, the latter of which could be confirmed by the fact that the neurovascular network of canals may have changed during ontogeny."

Thomas: "Indeed, Lincoln and in terms of intelligence, A study by Grant R. Hurlburt, Ryan C. Ridgely and Lawrence Witmer obtained estimates for Encephalization Quotients (EQs), based on reptiles and birds, as well as estimates for the ratio of cerebrum to brain mass. The study concluded that Tyrannosaurus had the relatively largest brain of all adult non-avian dinosaurs with the exception of certain small maniraptoriforms (Bambiraptor, Troodon and Ornithomimus). T. Rex had a large brain, The study found that Tyrannosaurus's relative brain size was still within the range of modern reptiles, being at most 2 standard deviations above the mean of non-avian reptile EQs. The estimates for the ratio of cerebrum mass to brain mass would range from 47.5 to 49.53 percent. According to the study, this is more than the lowest estimates for extant birds (44.6 percent), but still close to the typical ratios of the smallest sexually mature alligators which range from 45.9–47.9 percent. Other studies, such as those by Steve Brusatte, indicate the encephalization quotient of Tyrannosaurus was similar in range (2.0–2.4) to a chimpanzee (2.2–2.5), though this may be debatable as reptilian and mammalian encephalization quotients are not equivalent."

Lola: "whoa I didn't know until now."

Lisa: "It goes to show how complex Tyrannosaurus was."

Rigby: "Everything we thought we knew about T. Rex was wrong?!"

Numbuh 5: "Yeah baby very wrong!"

Thomas: "I don't blame ya,That's the magic of science we constantly learning new things about the world around us,"

Danny: "Never would've expected it, so, how are we getting them back to the park?"

Thomas: "Let's let them finish eating. Once they're finished, we should be trying to get them through the portal."

The rest of the team nodded their heads, The team couldn't but smile at the surprising domesticity of this scene. After several minutes of eating, the two youngsters lifted their heads, letting out a warbling call in unison towards their parents, who joined them in feeding. Before long after they finished, Rigby suddenly looked back up towards the sky, and his smile faded.

Rigby: "Guys?" (As he pointed to the sky)

French Narrator: "Hundreds of miles away, the meteorite has finally entered the Earth's atmosphere at 20, 000 miles an hour."

Then in Outer Space the scene shows the meteorite heading towards earth breaking through its atmosphere very fast and quick. As the rest of the team looked up, as did the T. rex family, seeing the light in the atmosphere streak across the sky before dissipating.

Mac: "Oh no! We're almost out of time!"

French Narrator: "The sonic boom it creates is one of the loudest noises the world has ever known."

For a few minutes, everything was calm, before, suddenly, the land began to shake and a deafening roar echoed through the atmosphere. As the team covered our ears as the meteorite struck the earth in what would be the Yucatán peninsula in Mexico.

French Narrator: "As it strikes the Gulf of Mexico, it causes an explosion seven billion times more powerful than the Hiroshima bomb. It releases a blast front moving at a hundred times the speed of sound. This devastation is just the start.

The roar suddenly transitioned into the roar of a hurricane-force wind and, within mere seconds, the winds began to intensify. The tyrannosaurs hissed, shrieked and growled in alarm at the apocalypse going on around them, whilst the rescue team struggled to remain upright and to avoid swallowing dust. Flaming debris starts falling from the sky.

French Narrator: "The cloud of ash will soar into the sky and molten rock will start raining down, igniting global wildfires and as it mushrooms out, it will engulf the entire world in a blanket of darkness. Additionally, it sends flaming debris into the sky that will soon rain back to earth. Global Mega earthquakes, volcanoes and tsunamis will follow immediately after the impact. And that is just the start. Acid rain fall will occur from all of the pollutants thrown into the air, and the entire world will be covered in darkness from the ash cloud that will follow. All this is just three minutes away."

The toons panicked and started to run around crazy like it was really the End of the World.

Double D: "Ah no! It's begun!"

Mordecai: "I guess that's our cue to RUN!"

Numbuh 1: "We have to finish this mission fast now!"

Lincoln: "This is insane!"

Amanda: "No shit, Sherlock!"

Pops: "Very bad show!"

Lori: "We're literally out of time!"

Numbuh 2: "We're doomed! Doomed I say!"

Eddy: (as he got on his knees and prayed/bowed) "I'm too young, and handsome to die!"

Muscleman: "Oh no Bros!"

Ed: "I will sacrifice myself, while the rest of you make your escape, just think of me, when you feel like it."

Charlie and Thomas were trying to calm the panicking group.

Thomas: "Everyone please, there's reason to pan-"

Charlie: "Everyone relax! Calm down!"

Rigby: "It's been nice knowing you my brothers!"

Gerald: "Word!"

Ash: "Goodbye future, and goodbye cruel world!"

Pikachu: "Pika!"

Brock: this can't be how it all ends!

SpongeBob: "Why! Why must the good die so young!"

Patrick: "I'm gonna miss you, SpongeBob!"

As they both hugged each other and started sobbing.

Mr. Krabs: "I won't be able to see me money again!"

Eddy: "I know, my friend!"

Squidward: "Spongebob, No matter what happens? I've sort of always liked you!"

Spongebob: "I used your clarinet to unclog my toilet!"

Squidward: "Huh?"

Sandy: "We can't give up! We've come so far!"

Misty: "Get me out of here!"

Sophocles: "I'm too young to die!"

Star: "This is the end!"

Lily was crying hard as her big sister Lori comforted her.

Lori: "I know, Lily I know."

Lana and Lola: "We're scared!"

Lincoln: "It's ok, big brother's here!"

As Lincoln hugged the twin sisters, Numbuh 3, Eduardo, and Bubbles were crying hard as Numbuhs 1, 2, and 4 screamed and ran about.

Coco(panicked): "Coco! Coco! Coco!"

Akko: "I wish I could create a portal here!"

Mac: (screaming): "This can't be the end! Not here! Not now!"

Bloo: (screaming) "I'm too young and handsome to die!"

Luan: "Looks like we're about to go out with a bang!"

Luna: "SHUT UP! There's no time for jokes, you idiot!"

But Luna breaks down crying, hugging her sister as Courage whines and Ron comforts Rufus while Max was hugging his sister May while Bonnie hugged Clemont in tears and sadness.

Ron: "It's been a great life, Rufie'!"

Tucker: (screaming) "NOOOOOOOOOO!"

Danny: "What if I use ghost intangibility on us? No, that won't work!"

Leni: "I wish I had love in my life, other than my family."

Filburt: "Now I'm very nauseous!"

Lynn: "I never should've joined this mission!"

Lucy: "I welcome death's cold embrace!"

Cat: "Dog, This is it!"

Dog: "Yeah, cat! I'm gonna miss you forever brother!"

Thomas(shouting) "EVERYONE STOP!"

As his voice echoed everyone stopped panicking.

Thomas: "This is not the time to panic. We can still do it! We just need a plan to get these T. Rexes back to the present!"

Charlie: "Like some of you said, this isn't the end! We're still getting out of here!"

Skips: "I say this is a good time to get the time portal started and fast!"

Thomas: "Agreed because we have a way out!"

Charlie: "The time portals can get us out of here and we're not gonna quit now?! WHAT TEAM ARE WE?!"

All: "TOON GANG!"

Charlie: "WHAT TEAM?!"

All: "TOON GANG!"

Thomas: "That's right and our objective now is to get the T. Rex family through the time portal."

Billy: "But how?"

French Narrator: "Our heroes have to think very fast?"

Charlie: "I got one. My leftover ham sandwich might entice them. Me and Thomas will get the T. Rexes anyone who wants volunteer can come with us"

Numbuh 1: "I'll go!"

Danny: "Same here!"

Thomas: "Anyone else? No? Okay The rest of you get to the portal!"

Danny: "You better start the portal bud!"

Tucker: "I'm on it!"

As Constanze, Tucker, and Rigby were setting the portal up. Thomas, Charlie, Numbuh 1, and Danny head straight for the T. Rex pack.

Charlie: "This ham sandwich might help the smell will entice them although they're more likely to lunge at us and I got one thing to say," (bites a granola bar) "Now Let's do this!"

The group then ran in front of the T. Rex Family which stopped to notice us

Charlie: "Hey, over here!"

Thomas: "Come on, over here! Come on now!"

Danny: "Going ghost!"

As he turns into his ghost form flies around them with Numbuh 1 with his jet shoes.

Thomas: "Come on we gotta bring you back!"

Charlie ran forward drawing out a meat sandwich and waving it through the air while yelling as loud as he could to get their attention. As the huge wave cloud of ash and debris was coming close

Charlie: "Hey! Hey, Hey!"

Thomas: "Get ready to run! Pass me the sandwich!"

After Charlie passed the sandwich to Thomas, he lit a flare stick and guides in front of the T. Rex as they hissed and bellow was the juveniles who reacted first, bolted towards us followed by the parents

Akko: "Where are they?!"

Then the group turns to see the four running with the T. Rexs' right behind them.

Mordecai: "Come on hurry up dude! Press the button!"

Rigby: "Okay, it's on!"

Numbuh 2: "It's now or never!"

Thomas: "We're coming!"

Then we stopped with the group and same with the T. Rexs' who were confused about the portal. We turned around to see a huge wall wave of debris and black ash coming right at them as the portal turned on. Then the screen turned dark and black from the wave of ash and debris as it swept in.

. . . . .

Back at Paleo Park Phoebe, Geronimo, Travis, and Trey watched from the railings of the catwalk as the portal turned on. The team came out first showing they survived, coughing and covered in smog,ash, dust, dirt,and tattered clothes. We stopped and looked back towards the portal. Did the T. Rex made it? We had worried looks until four figures came out of the portal, First the Juveniles and their parents behind them as the T. Rex family bellow roared.

Thomas: "We did it! Our first T. Rexes!"

Spongebob: "Not to mention our first Prehistoric animals that we also capture for Paleo Park."

As we got out of the way and climbed up the ladder to the catwalk as the T. Rex family ran through the corridor into the holding pen

Charlie: "We did it and who would've guessed, my gang and I encountered the father and the "king of the castle."

Thomas: "I know, good work on that one, bro, very well done."

Akio: "Congratulations everyone!"

Geronimo: "I think we should celebrate our first victory!"

Phoebe: "You did it!"

Travis: (jokingly) "What took you so long?!"

Trey: "Yeah, were worried you got eaten alive?!"

French Narrator: "The Toon Gang have finally managed to rescue T. Rex from extinction."

Thomas: "Phoebe is making sure they're in good health before they're taken to their permanent enclosure. They look undernourished, but Travis will sort that out."

The family are now safely in the observation holding pen.

French Narrator: "Paleo Park is now home to its first ever dinosaurs. Richard Holwell's dream of having a park full of prehistoric creatures the toon gang saved from extinction is beginning to take shape."

Two days later, once the dust had settled, all the animals were rescued during the T. Rex mission were now living happily in their brand-new homes within the appropriately-titled Hell Creek. To start, positioned within several feet of the designated 'entrance' to this exhibit zone was a large building designed to serve as a recreation of the Cretaceous Hell Creek forests, where all the smaller animals now lived. Three of the paddocks, containing the leptoceratops, thescelosaurus, and Trierarchuncus, had minimal barriers separating the animals and any humans, staff or otherwise, that would later visit the building.

The brodavis flock also lived in this building, with a small aviary themed to look like a Cretaceous riverside – they shared the exhibit with the basilemys and axestemys – the only exception was the basilemys Filburt had saved from the brachychampsa float, who was being treated for damage to her shell in the vet offices.

Three separate tanks nearby contained the habrosaurus, palaeobrachtus and Scapherpeton; for the latter two, the tank allowed them to go on land. A larger tank nearby contained the various fish brought back, each species swimming around without paying each other any attention while the casterolimulus crawled around into the tank's sandy bottom.

Meanwhile, two separate paddocks served as home to the flock of anzu wyliei and the pack of acheroraptor, the former resuming their vigorous mating displays, whilst the latter were either searching for food or climbing through the trees.

The five palaeosaniwa were all either basking or searching for food, whilst in a smaller exhibit nearby, the ten chamops were exploring their new territory. The seven dinilysia, meanwhile, had all been given a specially designed exhibit near the palaeosaniwa. Charlie had spent a lot of time working with the female he'd rescued from the log, who he'd named Kaa.

Four other land paddocks near the back entrance of the building, with burrows and underground viewing, served as home to the four rescued species of mammal, all of which were currently scouting out their new homes.

And finally, a large pit was in the very center of the building, and had a bridge built over it for staff and future guests. Within it was a large lake divided into four portions for the four rescued crocodilian floats of crocodilian.

Outside the Hell Creek forest building now served as home for all the larger herbivorous dinosaurs. The ornithomimus flock were currently milling about in the paddock, squawking and warbling to keep in touch. The triceratops and torosaurus herds were browsing together in the very center of the clearing, with the juvenile triceratops resuming their play fights. The pachycephalosaurus herd were browsing nearby, as two younger males play sparred.

The edmontosaurus herd was currently browsing nearby, with the matriarch Carina browsing calmly, completely oblivious to the splashing from the playing juveniles nearby, whilst the ankylosaurs were peacefully browsing for food on the bushes near the edge of the trees. Towering above them all was the alamosaurus, who had been named Custer, who was calmly browsing for food head and shoulders above the other animals. Whilst he seemed fine with being on his own, the park were making plans to bring back more at some point.

A massive aviary nearby currently served as home to the quetzalcoatlus flock. At that moment, all ten of the pterosaurs were exploring their new territory, waiting for food to arrive. But even so, the keepers made sure to continue keeping watch over the now-recovered male, whom Blossom had named Chimalli, and another male named Anil. Over the past two days, the two had been squabbling frequently, since Chimalli had been brought into the aviary.

Finally, three separate large paddocks near herbivore paddock served as home to the three species of larger carnivorous dinosaur. In one of the paddocks, the entire dromaeosaurus pack was heartily feasting upon a cow carcass, with the alpha male Jim and his mate Larisa feeding alongside their three subordinates. Next door, the rescued pectinodon were either exploring their new territory or resting in the sun.

The T. Rex family, housed in the largest paddock, appeared in quite good spirits. At that very moment, in the thick forest within their paddock, the adult female who recovered from her wounds, was happily feasting upon a large cow carcass alongside her mate, their son, and their slightly older daughter. And over the course of this feast, the two adults only briefly paused once just long enough to let out their territorial bellows

The park staff, now that the monumental mission was over, were appreciating the lull. At that moment, all the various staff members were hard at work on their respective duties. Paleo Park was beginning to fill up.

Charlie had begun training the three new dromaeosaur species, hoping that he'd be able to get the raptors to view him as their mutual alpha. Charlie was particularly interested in the dromas, especially Jim, the alpha male.

Lisa, meanwhile, was also in the Hell Creek forest building, helping Akio and some of the research division in behavioral observations on the Trierarchuncus. Numbuh 2, meanwhile, was currently amongst the keepers watching the quetzalcoatlus, particularly focusing on Chimalli and Anil.

Right now, the crew were at the T. rex Pen as they were joined by a surprise visitor.

Thomas: "Fantastic. Well done, Travis."

Travis: "It wasn't just me, it was the lads. It's a perfect enclosure."

Voice: "Well, I can see you've started well."

The group turned around to see Richard Holwell.

Thomas: "Mr. Holwell sir, You didn't tell me you were visiting."

Richard: "I wanted to keep it a surprise; keep everyone on their toes, plus, I like surprises

So, how was it?"

Thomas: "It was Epic; everything was so magnificent! We're all looking forward to whatever's next."

Charlie: "Wasn't easy, But we had one heck of blast! One that blew our minds!"

Richard: "That's the spirit., and, don't you worry, for your next mission it'll come sooner rather than later…But for now, keep up the good work."

Thomas: "Have you seen them at all?"

Travis: "Not since I put them in there."

Thomas: "There's places for them to hide. They're not gonna be stressed. Look where they are!"

Then the group turned to see the T. Rexes coming out of the forest.

Thomas: "I got some names for them, I would say the adult male would be named Tyrannor, His mate Rexy, and as for their children, The older juvenile female, Matilda, and the younger juvenile male, Terrence."

Charlie: 'I love it!"

Mallow: "Me too!"

4: "Not bad, mate!"

Bonnie: "Those are some cute names."

Thomas: "They are, but for the juveniles, They're not going to stay cute for long."

French Narrator: "Thomas' right. The T. Rex will double their body weight every year until full size, turning Terence and Matilda like their parents before them into the most ferocious killing machines for 66 million years. Let's hope Paleo Park knows what it's letting itself in for."

As we see the Tyrannosaurus pack in the clearing as the two adolescent juveniles run about as the adults let out their bellow roars.

Rescue Tally

* Acheroraptor temertyorum (8; all adults; 4 male, 4 female)

* Alamosaurus sanjuanensis (1; 1 adult; 1 male)

* Alphadon marshi (26; all adults; 13 male, 13 female)

* Ankylosaurus magniventris (4; all adults; 2 male, 2 female)

* Anzu wyliei (21; all adults; 7 male, 14 female)

* Axestemys splendida (10; all adults; 5 male, 5 female)

* Basilemys sinuosa (9; all adults; 4 male, 5 female)

* Borealosuchus sternbergii (13; all adults; 6 male, 7 female)

* Brachychampsa montana (9; all adults; 5 male, 4 female)

* Brodavis baileyi (18; all adults; 9 male, 9 female)

* Casterolimulus kletti (17; all adults; 8 male, 9 female)

* Chamops segnis (10; all adults; 4 male, 6 female)

* Champsosaurus laramiensis (13; all adults; 7 male, 6 female)

* Cimolestes inscisus (17; all adults; 7 male, 10 female)

* Denversaurus schlessmani (6; all adults; 2 male, 4 female)

* Didelphodon vorax (10; all adults; 5 male, 5 female)

* Dinilysia patagonica (7; all adults; 3 male, 4 female)

* Dromaeosaurus albertensis (5; 3 adults, 2 adolescents; 2 male, 3 female)

* Edmontosaurus annectens (36; 27 adults, 9 youngsters; 17 male, 19 female)

* Habrosaurus dilates (9; all adults; 4 male, 5 female)

* Lepisosteus occidentalis (9; all adults; 3 male, 6 female)

* Leptoceratops gracilis (16; 9 adults, 7 youngsters; 7 male, 9 female)

* Lonchidion selachos (13; all adults; 6 male, 7 female)

* Meniscoessus robustus (9; all adults; 4 male, 5 female)

* Melvius thomasi (2; both adults; 1 male, 1 female)

* Myledaphus pustulosus (4; all adults; 2 male, 2 female)

* Ornithomimus velox (23; all adults; 11 male, 12 female)

* Paleopsephurus wilsoni (10; all adults; 4 male, 6 female)

* Pachycephalosaurus wyomingensis (18; 12 adults, 6 youngsters; 6 male, 12 female)

* Palaeobatrachus occidentalis (8; all adults; 4 male, 4 female)

* Palaeosaniwa canadensis (5; 2 male, 3 female)

* Pectinodon bakkeri (8; all adults; 4 male, 4 female)

* Quetzalcoatlus northropi (10; all adults; 5 male, 5 female)

* Scapherpeton tectum (13; all adults; 6 male, 7 female)

* Thescelosaurus neglectus (27; 18 adults, 9 youngsters; 13 male, 14 female)

* Thoracosaurus neocesariensis (19; all adults; 9 male, 10 female)

* Torosaurus latus (20; 11 adults , 9 youngsters; 5 male, 20 female)

* Trierarchuncus prairiensis (20: all adults; 10 male, 10 female)

* Triceratops horridus (20; 11 adults, 9 youngsters; 13 male, 14 female)

* Tyrannosaurus rex (4; 2 adults, 2 youngsters; 2 male, 2 female)

French Narrator: Next time On Paleo Park:

Our heroes travel to the Ice Age to rescue the Woolly Mammoth.

(Shows our heroes gaping over a large tundra steppe as a herd of Woolly Mammoths walks through the snow.)

But they have to overcome the cold climate and hostile creatures.

(Shows Mordecai and Rigby screaming as a large scarred angry Bear chases them out of the cave.)

But they also encounter a tribe of a different kind and meet new allies.

(Shows some silhouette figures that look like hairy apes and another group of silhouette figures resembling Neanderthals.)

Meanwhile, at the park, New staff come in the form of friends and family.

(Lincoln and his sisters have happy smiles on their faces as they run to meet these people.)

All Next Time on Paleo Park: A Mammoth Undertaking

References in this Chapter

-Blarney and Stampeding T. Rex quote comes from The Loud House.

-Numbuh 4 getting wedgied from Codename: Kids Next Door, Operation: B.U.L.L.I.E.S.

-The "Yabba dabba doo!" catchphrase and sliding down the T. Rex comes from The Flintstones and The Adventures of Jimmy Neutron, Boy Genius.

-Jurassic Park/World: The inaccuracies of T. Rex vision and Ankylosaurus body design.

Speculation Behaviors:

-Trierarchunus cleaning the jaws and teeth of the injured female T. Rex is based on birds with crocodiles and some paleo-art.

-When Charlie and his group meet the Male T. Rex is sleeping on his side based on All Yesterday's Artwork, Sleepy Stan.

-Dinilysia, a common ancestor bit was suggested by A-LionGleek.

-The Thescelosaurus, Juvenile Pachycephalosaurus, and Ornithomimus peck at bugs disturbed by the feet of large herbivores like Triceratops is based on cattle egrets, Grey-crowned cranes, and cowbirds.

-Tucker explaining the Pachycephalosaurus comes from Lost World: Jurassic Park.

Voice Actors/Actresses and likenesses:

Charlie Yeager: Sam Vincent

Trey Parker: Tyrese Gibson

Travis Torres: Micheal Rooker

Peter Capaloi: Geronimo Swindell

Phoebe Keane: Luci Christen

Akio Yama: Gordon Maeda

That was our First Mission. The next mission might take a long time, like structuring the story and writing descriptions of the creatures, but also my time in college and spending time with my family. So you can suggest additional dialogues, quotes, scenes, and natural or speculative behaviors for the prehistoric animals that can make edits with the existing chapters, and negative, hateful, and spam comments are not allowed and will be reported, so this is WildExpert24 signing off.