Paleo Park Chapter 2 - A Mammoth Undertaking
French Narrator: "There is something missing from our world; the amazing animals that time has left behind. But what if we could bring them back? What if extinction didn't have to be forever? We're going back in time on a safari with a difference as wildlife adventurers, Thomas Tran, Charlie Yeager, and the Toons plunge into prehistory to rescue creatures on the brink of extinction. Their plan is to bring them back to the safety of the present and give them a second chance. Their next adventure is into the lce Age where they'll come face to face with woolly rhinos, Giant Deer, survive a showdown with predators including a colossal cave bear, befriend a tribe of Cavemen, encounter a tribe of unknown primitive beings, and solve the mystery of what is killing and finding the last mammoths on Earths. Welcome to the ultimate wildlife sanctuary. Welcome to Paleo Park."
Morning rises over the island of Peligros, as staff are working taking care of the reserves newest inhabitnants. Creatures that haven't been seen for 66 million years ago, the dinosaurs and the animals that lived alongside them. A keeper passes by the Hell Creek Heribovre paddock as a flock of Ornithomimius watched him pass by as A Helicopter is seen arriving on the island over this tropical rainforest landscape.
French Narrator: "Off the West Coast of Costa Rica is Isla Peligros. It is a wildlife sanctuary called Paleo Park owned by Nexus which has started to come to life. Amongst the hills and valleys of this huge reserve, dinosaurs and other prehistoric creatures are getting used to their surroundings. Founded by Richard Holwell his plan was to bring back and breed extinct animals in captivity. But for now, they are starting off by only bringing species from one location from the first mission back to see how they get on in the 21st century. The Park's latest newcomers seem to be settling in well. But the park needs new staff."
The Helicopter starts to land on the landing pad as our team waited outside awaiting the arrival of some new visitors. After it had landed, the doors opened to reveal some toons coming out of the helicopter and there were familiar faces, both family and friends to some of the toons.
The First ones were a couple starting with a man in his 30s wearing a sea-green sweater over a light green checkered collar and cuffs, brown slacks, and shoes. He has a long pointy nose, brown eyebrows, and curly brown hair that is thinning on the top that always connects to his back hair. This was Lynn Loud Sr.
A woman in her 30s wearing a salmon buttoned shirt with a white collar and cuffs, dark mauve pants, and black flats. She has medium-length blonde hair and white earrings. She also wears light blue eyeshadow and red lipstick. This was Rita Loud, Lynn Sr.'s Wife.
The next group consisted of a Mexican-American family known as the Santiagos and Casagrandes. There was a Mexican-American girl with dark tan skin, black hair worn in a low ponytail, freckles on her cheeks, and two buck teeth that stick out of her mouth. Wears a purple hooded jacket, dark blue jean shorts, a white tank top, and dark purple flats with light pink socks worn high. This is Ronnie Anne Santiago, one of Lincoln's Best Friends.
There was a Hispanic Teen who is the same height and age as Lori. He has tan skin, black hair with a tuft combed upwards, and some facial hair on his chin. He wears blue jeans, brown shoes with multiple white stripes, a black belt with a gold buckle, and a cream-colored T-shirt under a green unbuttoned shirt. This was Bobby Santiago, Ronnie Anne's older brother, and Lori's boyfriend.
Next was a tall and slim woman, with dark tan skin, black hair tied up in a tight bun, two pairs of eyelashes, and eye bags. Her casual attire consists of a pink sweater, dark purple pants, and red flats. This is Maria Santiago, Bobby, and Ronnie Anne's mother.
Next is a short, rotund Mexican American woman with tan skin, dot eyes, short black hair, rolled into a bun, and golden circular earrings. She wears a navy blue dress, with a white collar, as well as white on the end of the sleeves, a greenish blue apron, and black shoes. This is Rosa Casagrande, Maria's mother, and Bobby and Ronnie Anne's Grandmother.
There was a short, round man with tan skin, black eyebrows, a thick, bushy gray mustache, and gray hair at the sides of his head. He wears a tan shirt with an asparagus green jacket, that has patches on the elbows, olive green pants, and black shoes. This is Hector Casagrande, Maria's father, and Bobby and Ronnie Anne's Grandfather.
There was a man with short black hair, with some of the strands standing up, and also has thick, black eyebrows. He wears black glasses that have a square frame, a cream long-sleeved shirt, a light green sweater, a red necktie, brown pants, a black belt with a yellow buckle, and dark brown shoes. This is Carlos Casagrande, Ronnie Anne, and Bobby's uncle, the older brother of Maria, and oldest son of Hector and Rosa.
Next is a tall and curvy Latin-American woman who has tan skin, long black hair, and a unibrow. She wears a pink dress with a greenish-blue pattern on the top, light brown flats, orange gem earrings, a yellow pearl necklace with an orange rectangular gem, and a yellow pearl bracelet on each wrist. Frida Puga-Casagrande, Carlo's Wife, Bobby and Ronnie's Aunt, Maria's sister-in-law, and Hector and Rosa's Daughter-in-law.
They have their own children and Ronnie Anne and Bobby's cousins or primos, the first was a plus-sized Latin American teenage girl with two pairs of eyelashes, and long black hair, with some strands, styled into a ponytail. She wears golden circular earrings, magenta lipstick, a light seafoam (cyan outside of promotional art) dress with a white collar, two orange bracelets on each wrist, pink socks, and brown boots. This is Carlota Casagrande, their oldest daughter.
The second is the oldest of their three sons, the eldest is a portly and stocky Mexican-American teenage boy with scruffy black hair. He wears a yellow shirt, a black bow tie with red outlines, dark blue shorts, white socks, and blue shoes with green laces. Due to his disability of having down-syndrome, despite being 13 years old, whereas most kids have already or are just starting puberty, he is very short in stature, and Due to Down Syndrome, he has small eyes that are further apart. This is Carlos "CJ" Casagrande Jr.
Their second son is a young boy who has black hair that is styled in a pompadour, which looks similar to Luke's haircut, and he also has a missing tooth, much like Lana and Lola. He wears a red hoodie, navy blue pants, and white shoes. This is Carlino "Carl" Casagrande.
Their youngest son is a Mexican American toddler, with two front teeth, a strand of orange hair, and thick black eyebrows. He wears a white t-shirt, red shorts, and black shoes. This is Carlitos Casagrande.
The next family was a Chinese-American family known as the Changs, the first was an Asian man with short black hair. He wears a yellow sweater with a red stripe, teal pants, and light brown shoes. This is Stanley Chang.
Next was a light-skinned woman with long blonde hair, two pairs of eyelashes, and freckles. She wears a dark green t-shirt, mint green jeans, white shoes, pink lipstick, and gold hoop earrings. This is Becca Chang.
They also have two daughters, the oldest was a light-skinned, half-Chinese girl, with long brown hair and freckles. She wears a blue long-sleeved shirt revealing her shoulders, black shorts, a pink headband, white studded earrings, white socks with red heels, toes, cuffs, and black tennis boots. This was Ronnie Anne's Best Friend, Sidney "Sid" Chang.
Then there is a small, light-skinned girl, with brunette hair tied into pigtails with red bands and buck teeth. She wears a sleeveless red shirt with a white collar and a yellow button on the center, along with a purple skirt and black sneakers. Adelaide Chang and Sid's younger sister.
These were the Loud Parents, the Changs, and the Casagrandes.
French Narrator: "Thomas, Charlie, and the Loud kids told them about their new job before the first mission via Phone call or video chat and in return, Mr. Holwell arranged plans for them to help on this secret project, especially with Becca Chang who's a zoologist and her expertise can be useful here."
Thomas: "Mr. and Mrs. Louds, The Casagrandes, and Changs, What a surprise
Welcome! Bienvenidos!"
Charlie: "We were expecting you! Welcome to Oscuro Island."
Rita: "It's great to see you again Mr. Tran and Mr. Yeager, you told us that and you and the kids got a new job here."
Lynn Sr.: "And get this the CEO of Nexus told us to come here and help out and the weird part is that I can't find this island on the map. (He brings out the map and shows that it's not located.)
Charlie: "Because it's well hidden and secretive for a reason."
The Loud kids were greeting the Casagrande since they were close friends. Lori excitedly ran up to Bobby while Lincoln approached Ronnie Anne and Sid.
Bobby: "Babe!"
Lori: "Boo boo bear!" (As they hugged each other
Ronnie Anne: "Punk!"
Lincoln: "Loser!"
As they playfully Punch Each other lightly in the shoulder blades even Sid even joins in with her hands, luckily not too hard.
Becca Chang: "It's an honor to be here on Mr. Holwell's behalf, Mr. Tran"
Thomas: "It sure is Mrs. Chang, you're all gonna love this place, you're zoology profession and Maria's skills in medics would be very useful here."
Soon our heroes boarded some jeeps which were colored green and blue, and red striped with the Paleo Park logo with a velociraptor on the side of the doors through the rainforest costa Rica landscape Before arriving at the Hell Creek Formation area.
Ronnie Anne: "Come on, Lame-o, What are you hiding on this island?"
Carl: "Yeah, tell us!"
Lincoln: "You'll see, you're gonna love it!"
Soon they arrived at a large paddock meant to resemble a floodplain like the Louisiana wetlands
Sid: I'm getting very excited, so what do you have behind that fence, Godzilla or King Kong?"
Suddenly the new visitors gasped with their mouths open as they see something tall with its shadow towering over them rumbling and bellowing were heard as a Large Titanosaur Sauropod walked by the paddock fence.
Carlos: "That's, that's a dinosaur?!"
Rita: "Oh my."
CJ: "Amazing!
Carl: "This can't be real, it's illogical."
Rosa: "I wish I had a camera."
Hector: "Frida, has that covered."
Maria: "A real live Dinosaur?"
Ronnie Anne: "Is that?'
Lincoln: "That's the surprise."
Sid(gasped): "Is that an Alamosaurus?"
Becca: "It can't be is it?"
Charlie: "Sure is, amiga."
Thomas: "Yes it is real, This is our first sauropod, its name means "Ojo Alamo Lizard", ironically Ojo is eye in Spanish, and his name is Custer."
Custer was browsing on the leaves from a tall tree and then the Titanosaur rears up on two legs to reach for more leaves. The loud parents, Casagrandes, and changs watched in surprise and amazement. As a flock of Ornithomimus approached the fence as they squawked and chattered before running off. Nearby a herd of Pachycephalosaurus was browsing on the cycads and ferns as the Young males spar with each other by grabbing one another and kicking their legs at their chests. A herd of Triceratops and Torosaurus were rolling on a dusty dirt area as the dust is kicked up by their dust bathing. The Ankylosaurus and Denversaurus herd drink from the lake with the Edmontosaurus herd drinking from the other side.
Adelaide: "Look there's Triceratops and Pachycephalosaurus! Ankylosaurus! Ornithomimus!"
Lynn sr: "How many Dinosaurs do you have?"
Thomas: "We got 40 species, and it's not just dinosaurs, But prehistoric fish, small mammals, reptiles, amphibians, a Horseshoe crab, and a pterosaur."
CJ: "Chuck, Do the dinosaurs have feathers like those?"
Charlie: "Um yes, Those Ornithomimus do along with two species of raptors, a troodontid, and the T. Rex."
Maria: "Oh my!"
Frida: "Aye!"
Carlos: "Carrumba!"
Rita: "T Rex? you said you got a T. Rex?!"
As Hector gulped and Rosa's eyes widen in surprise and fear hearing that the park has the largest known Carnivorous Dinosaur ever to walk the earth. As Lynn Sr. grabs Charlie by the chest in fright and worry.
Lynn Sr.: "Say that again!"
Charlie: (laughs) "We have a T. Rex."
Thomas: "Correction, we got four of them, a family pack!"
Lynn sr: "Oh my!"
As Mr. Loud collapses to the ground about to faint as his wife comforts him.
Rita: "Honey, between the legs now."
Thomas: "This is the dream of Richard Holwell that he wanted to do and share with everyone, a Nature preserve home to Extinct Animals where they are given a second chance Welcome to Paleo Park!"
Soon the group was given a tour around the place from the Hell Creek Building, the small paddocks, the Outpost headquarters, Veterinarian Clinic, the Holding Pens, and predator paddocks to the T. Rex Paddock.
Sid: "So let me get this straight. You use a time portal to bring the dinosaurs back?!"
Lincoln: "That's right, it's something Richard Holwell and the company Nexus, invented to accomplish his dream."
Travis: "Stop right there! Right, keep the tension at the back."
The Head Keeper was overseeing the crew of keepers and operator on the Crane which was lowering a slab of meat attached to a hook into the T. Rex pen as it was now feeding time.
French Narrator: "Head Park Keeper Travis and his team are facing their first big challenge - keeping the Park's T. Rex family happy."
Charlie: "What an ingenious contraption! How are they?"
Travis: "Not bad, but they're big beasts with big appetites. I haven't seen them yet."
Charlie: Oh, then it's best to be on the safe side.
Then a flashback is shown of how Rexy the T. Rex Mother fought with a rival male T. Rex who wanted to steal her kill from her and kill her young. That is until Rexy's Mate Tyrannor showed up and fought with the rival male driving him off as our heroes witnessed this event. Then the Meteorite hits the earth as our heroes convinced the T. Rex pack to chase them into the portal before a cloud wave of dust and ash comes straight toward them.
French Narrator: "When our heroes found them, the youngster's mother was fatally injured in a fight. They managed to save them from certain death just before a massive meteorite hit."
Travis: "Feeding the T. Rex means meat and plenty of it. When they arrived at the Park, the T. Rex family was half-starved, but they've been making up for it ever since. The female named Rexy has recovered from her injuries after spending time in the clinic."
Then there was a rustling in the foliage as the loud, Casagrande, and Chang kids gasped in excitement and fear. They were about to see the King of the Dinosaurs in the living flesh.
Thomas: "Here they come and we should warn you this may be too intense for the kids."
Out from the underbrush came two large adults followed by their two juvenile offspring as they approached the slab of meat attached to the crane. The Adult female made the first move, Rexy grabbed the slab with her jaws pulling it down thus breaking the rope as the T. Rex family starts feasting on the slab of meat.
Charlie: "I'm not telling Travis everything about T. Rex's feeding habits, and one of the orders is so depressed!"
French Narrator: "T. Rex babies grow very fast. Terence and Matilda will double their size yearly until they grow to the length of a double-decker bus and weigh five tons."
Thomas: "They're voracious! Look at that, leaping for that! Do you see those teeth? They've got serrated teeth like sharks and slice off chunks of flesh. No wonder they eat so much! Charlie: They're polishing that off! I wouldn't like to be in there, I tell you! they'll eat anything from the meat, fur, feathers, scales, and bones."
Carl: "I wouldn't want to be in there!"
French Narrator: "Paleo Park isn't just home to extinct animals, But modern-day animals as well including endangered species like the African Bush Elephant, and for this mission, Richard Holwell plans to rescue the famous of all extinct animals and they're a relative of Thomas' Favorite Animals, the Woolly Mammoth, a long-lost relative of Modern Day Elephants ."
The Group on their jeeps arrives in a savannah area of the park as they approached a herd of African Bush Elephants brought to the park from a Reserve in South Africa that was facing overpopulation with its elephants. There were small bachelor herds of young bulls and a Large Adult Bull and a Herd of Adult Females and their calves. The elephants were grazing and browsing on the grass, shrubs, and trees, and socializing with one another with their trunks as the group gets off the jeeps and approaches the herd the Matriach leader comes towards Thomas and wraps her trunk around Thomas like a hug around the shoulder.
Thomas: "Hello there Girl. Excited to see me?" (As Thomas spoke to the Matriarch). "I love and adore elephants they're my favorite animal and have a long history. There were many different species of elephants in the past - the mastodons and mammoths."
Thomas then approaches the jeep to take out from the trunk a large picture showing them an image of a large, brown-furred, woolly elephant that everyone recognizes.
CJ: "It's the woolly mammoth!"
Double D: "The legendary ice age animal."
Sid: "So you're going to the ice age to rescue the Woolly Mammoth?"
Charlie: " I'm guessing that's our next target, our first Ice Age Animal ."
Thomas: "Yes, it is, You see long ago the elephant ancestor was once pig-sized animals that didn't evolve trunks or tusks yet and they diversified into many different species some with bizarre forms, There were four tusk elephants, Shovel mouth lower jaw ones like Platybelodon, and lower vampire fanged tusk ones like Deinotherium and furry ones like mastodons and the mammoths. Most People believed they had the same family life and social structure and history, but I want to travel back in time and find out whether that's true and maybe bring a woolly mammoth or a herd back to Paleo Park. Would you all like to meet a woolly mammoth?"
Charlie: "Who wouldn't elephant boy?!"
Thomas: "True enough, but let's not forget other ice age creatures shared the same environment as the Woolly Mammoth including, bison, wild horses, wild donkeys, Giant Elk, Woolly Rhinos, bears, lions, leopards, hyenas, and wolves. Also, Trey wants to come with us for this mission."
French Narrator: "As in any conservation project, it's the most endangered animals the gang wants to rescue, so they go to travel back to the time that mammoths were on their last legs. That was at the end of the lce Age. Freezing plains were the home to huge herds of mammoths, but 10,000 years ago, it all changed. Their world was turned upside down because of global warming. The ice was disappearing and so were the mammoths. This is at the end of the last ice Age. It was still cold, but the ice sheets were receding northwards and the mammoths were going there too. The last surviving mammoths were found here, just east of the Urals in Siberia on Wrangel island. By returning to the time before the extinction. they'll see what killed off these magnificent beasts and get their chance to save the wooly mammoth."
The Crew went to pack hot cocoa, and thermal blankets, and we changed into our winter clothing as they arrived in the holding pens in snowmobiles as an employee placed the time coordinates and location. In a flash of light, the portal opened up in the snowy plains of Pleistocene Poland, and Thomas, Charlie, and his team stepped out. And upon stepping out of the portal, which swiftly closed behind them once they'd all made it through from the present to the past, the first thing that struck the rescue team, plus Trey and Carver, was the cold – this was a first for them. Trey was the only one not as caught off-guard.
French Narrator: "The ice age was very cold in freezing temperatures. Animals had to evolve to have thick coats of fur and layers of body fat to keep warm. In winter, food is scarce and hard to find due to all that snow. Some animals would hibernate through the winter others migrate to find better food resources, and the predators would scavenge on the dead."
Carver: "Man This is cold!"
Tino: "Well, what you'd expect? It's the ice age."
Trey: "I have a feeling that this isn't the first time you and the team have experienced extreme temperatures like this."
Bloo: "Extreme temperatures, no. Cold, yes."
Thomas: He's right and brings up a good point. Let's observe, scout the place and hopefully find our mammoths.
As they ride on their snowmobiles through the snowy plains terrain.
Patrick: "So why not called it the Cold Chill or the Nippy Era, I'm just saying why would they call this the ice age?"
Squidward: "Oh, I don't know, maybe because of all THE ICE?!"
As Squidward shouted at Patrick.
Patrick: "Well, things got a little chillier."
Charlie: "Hey! Cool it! And no, pun, not indeed. We need to focus on our mission."
The team, complete with a guest member, looked carefully at the area around them. At the moment, they appeared to be standing on a vast snowy plain. Powdery snow blanketed brown grass and dwarf birch trees, their leaves clearly long since shed due to being winter, dotted the landscape in an almost skeletal fashion; most plants go into dormancy helping the plants conserve energy and resources during the colder seasons. Many plants lose their green parts on the surface and "retreat" below the ground, the green grass turns brown in order to conserve water and nutrients. Most trees 'slow down' during winter, and Some trees like the dwarf birch trees are deciduous trees that lose their leaves and shut down photosynthesis entirely. Trees with needles like pines, spruce, and conifers known as evergreen trees have needle-like leaves that are retained over winter and can actually photosynthesize during the winter. All while a chilly wind moved through the plains. Noticing grass barely visible amongst the snow.
Double D: "It must be the beginning of winter here right now, most of the plants have gone dormant and which means we probably shouldn't linger. This snow's only gonna get a lot worse sooner or later.
Lori: "No kidding, Perhaps we should set up a campsite somewhere."
Thomas: "Probably wouldn't be a bad idea," (He looked at the ground they were standing on.) "This might be a good enough spot."
He looked back at his teammates as Dawn sees something in the distance like a wind full of snow heading straight towards them.
Ash: "Come on, Let's get to work setting up a base camp."
Trey: "He's right, In an environment like this, it's best we set up a safe zone. You never know when danger could come upon you and we need a place where we could regroup."
Dawn: "Um guys, I think we're too late for that?"
Charlie: "What do you mean? Oh, fu-"
In that instant, a sudden blizzard came upon them.
Dawn: "Over there! We'll hide In those trees!"
Charlie: Thanks Dawn
To the southwest, the team hurried and Eventually found a small grove of pine trees, they sat down and got their bearings.
Thomas: Well, these events tend to happen. You get used to it over time, Come on everyone, let's take a look around and get our bearings in order. You never know what might be lurking around the corner.
Suddenly, they were alerted by a loud, throaty bellow.
Ash: what was that?!
We looked over to a nearby hillside to a herd of animals in the clearing. They looked like fallow deer – only the size of moose. Unlike a fallow deer, their fur was a solid, light greyish-brown color, like a reindeer with the lower parts of their feet dark brown. They have a shoulder hump with a dark diagonal stripe on each side running down from the shoulder hump toward the neck and toward the groin area. There is a dark, collar-like stripe on their throats. Their necks and heads were pale white-silvery necks with a dark brown V mark striping on their foreheads. There is a Dark brown blotch mark around their grey noses. They have white rumps bordered with a dark vertical stripe. The males' most distinctive feature, however, was their grayish-brown antlers – from tip to tip, they were roughly ten feet across. A small harem of slightly smaller females and their fawns which were greyish brown with dark brown lower leg parts, white rumps, ad white spots over their bodies stood in the clearing, weathering out the blizzard. The deer were browsing the hanging twigs and branches while two stags head-butt by clashing their antlers at one another.
Lana Loud: "Giant deer!"
SpongeBob: "So huge!"
Patrick: "Ah! I've shrunken! No! Please, don't hurt us!"
Lincoln: "I doubt they will."
Iris: "Relax they're normally plant eaters and we didn't go small."
Lisa: "Exactly, except for the stags with those antlers, they can be dangerous."
Thomas: I know what these are, They're Giant or Irish Elk, The Megaloceros which means "Great Horn" in Greek, This must be the larger species, Megaloceros giganteus, the largest known member of the deer family, Despite its name, the Irish elk is neither restricted to Ireland nor closely related to either species commonly referred to as elk as in the moose to North American elk. In Europe and Asia, the Moose are called elk and the North American elk are called wapiti to avoid confusion between the North American Moose and Elk. Fallow deer are thought to be their closest living relatives. Most members of the genus were extremely large animals that favored meadows or open woodlands like this pine grove. Deer often hang out in coniferous forests to survive the winter feeding on available plants around like twigs, branches, and bark from trees and they seem to be waiting out the blizzard as well."
Tucker: "Megaloceros is the most cursorial meaning "to run" deer known, with most species averaging slightly below 2 meters (6 ft 7 in) at the withers. Its range extended across Eurasia during the Pleistocene, from Ireland to Lake Baikal in Siberia. The most recent remains of the species have been carbon-dated to about 7,700 years ago in western Russia. It stood about 2.1 m (6 ft 11 in) tall at the shoulders and carried the largest antlers of any known deer, a maximum of 3.65 m (12.0 ft) from tip to tip and 40 kg (88 lb) in weight. The antlers are made of bone, cartilage, fibrous tissue, skin, nerves, and blood vessels. Velvet skin covers the developing antlers until they grow to a certain size. The velvet provides blood flow that supplies oxygen and nutrients. Soon the skin covering is peeled and rubbed off exposing their antlers."
Charlie: "Get this they weigh about 450–600 kg (990–1,300 lb) and up to 700 kg (1,500 lb) or more, the Irish elk was the heaviest known cervine ("Old World deer"); and tied with the extant Alaska moose as the third largest known deer, after the extinct Cervalces latifrons and Cervalces scotti. Nonetheless, compared to Alces, Irish elk appear to have had a more robust skeleton, with older and more mature Moose skeletons bearing some resemblance to those of prime Irish elk, and younger Irish elk resembling prime Moose. Likely due to different social structures, the Irish elk exhibits more marked sexual dimorphism than Moose, with Irish elk bucks being notably larger than does."
Double D: "It seems they look just like the ancient cave paintings which can help us picture what these animals looked like in life. Based on Upper Palaeolithic cave paintings, the Irish elk seems to have had overall light coloration, with a dark stripe running along the back, a stripe on either side from shoulder to haunch, a dark collar on the throat and a chinstrap, and a dark hump on the withers between the shoulder blades, In 1989, American paleontologist Dale Guthrie suggested that, like bison, the hump allowed a higher hinging action of the front legs to increase stride length while running. Canadian biologist Valerius Geist suggested that the hump may have also been used to store fat. Localizing fat rather than evenly distributing it may have prevented overheating while running or in a rut during the summer."
Thomas: "Based on our observation, these two stags are clashing their antlers to work up their way in the rank hierarchy although the rut is nearly over, Megaloceros lived like most deer today, bucks, and does segregate during at least winter, and spring. Segregation would also imply a polygynous society, with stags fighting for control over harems during the rut. Many modern deer species do this partly because males and females have different nutritional requirements and need to consume different types of plants. They live in boreal steppe-woodland environments, which consisted of scattered spruce and pine, as well as low-lying herbs and shrubs including grasses, sedges, and plant families like Ephedra, Artemisia, and Chenopodiaceae."
Heffer: "Say, what's the rut again?"
Charlie(sighs): "You know why male deers or bucks have those antlers?! The bucks use those antlers to fight by locking their antlers at another buck for the right to mate with the does."
Heffer: "Ah, so classic a fight for the lady's hand?"
Charlie: "But there is a downside because most of the individuals found were juvenile or geriatric and were likely to suffer from malnutrition, probably dying from winterkill. Most Irish elk specimens known may have died from winterkill, and winterkill is the highest source of mortality among many modern deer species. Bucks generally suffer higher mortality rates because they eat little during the autumn rut. For rut, a lean stag normally 575 kg (1,268 lb) may have fattened up to 690 kg (1,520 lb) and would burn through the extra fat over the next month."
Thomas: "Most of that energy is used for their antlers, Irish elk antlers vary widely in form depending upon the habitat, such as a compact, upright shape in closed forest environments. Like most deer, Irish elk likely shed their antlers and re-grew a new pair during mating season. But growing those antlers requires lots of work as antlers generally require high amounts of calcium and phosphate, especially those for stags that have larger structures, and the massive antlers of Irish elk may have required much greater quantities. Stags typically meet these requirements in part from their bones, suffering from a condition similar to osteoporosis while the antlers are growing, and replenishing them from food plants after the antlers have grown in or reclaiming nutrients from shed antlers. The large antlers have generally been explained as being used for male-male battles during mating season. They may have also been used for display, to attract females, and to assert dominance against rival males. A finite element analysis of the antlers suggested that during the fighting, the antlers were likely to interlock around the middle tine, the high stress when interlocking on the distal tine suggests that the fighting was likely more constrained and predictable than among extant deer, likely involving twisting motions, as is known in extant deer with palmated antlers. Based on this and patterns seen in modern deer, last year's antlers in Irish elk bucks were potentially shed in early March, with peak antler growth in early June, completion by mid-July, shedding velvet (a layer of blood vessels on the antlers in use while growing them) by late July, and the height of rut falling on the second week of August. So these stags will have them around until early March and after mating, the hinds will give birth to fawns in deer, gestation time generally increases with body size. A 460 kg (1,010 lb) doe may have had a gestation period of about 274 days before giving birth."
Lincoln: "Here is something about Megaloceros, I read somewhere in an article about it this deer, In 1998, Canadian biologist Valerius Geist hypothesized that the Irish elk was cursorial (adapted for running and stamina). He noted that the Irish elk physically resembled reindeer. The body proportions of the Irish elk are similar to those of the cursorial addax, oryx, and saiga antelope. These include relatively short legs, long front legs nearly as long as the hind legs, and a robust cylindrical body. Cursorial saiga, gnus, and reindeer have a top speed of over 80 km/h (50 mph) and can maintain high speeds for up to 15 minutes. Geist concluded that a doe would have to have produced nutrient-rich milk so that her calf would have enough energy and stamina to keep up with the herd. In terms of diet, The mesodont (meaning neither high (hypsodont) or low (brachydont) crowned) condition of the teeth suggests that the species was a mixed feeder, being able to both browse and graze. Based on the dietary requirements of red deer, a 675 kg (1,488 lb) lean Irish elk stag would have needed to consume 39.7 kg (88 lb) of fresh forage daily. Assuming antler growth occurred over a span of 120 days, a stag would have required 1,372 g (3 lb) of protein daily, as well as access to nutrient- and mineral-dense forage starting about a month before antlers began sprouting and continuing until they had fully grown. Such forage is not very common and stags are sometimes sought-after aquatic plants in lakes. After antler growing, stags could probably satisfy their nutritional requirements in productive sedge lands bordered by willow and birch forests."
Then they hear shouting as they turn to a group of Paleolithic Humans with their spears, Cro-Mganons. A stag spots them and bellows alerting the rest of the herd to run.
Bloo: "What's going on? Are those cavemen?"
Charlie: "Yes, Real cavemen. The newest predators in town."
Thomas: "These must be homo Sapiens like us, the Cro-Magnons, instead of strength
They use strategy and smarts, it must be a hunt they're driving the herd into the thick dense trees hoping separate one of the bucks from the herd where their antlers would prevent their escape."
Max: "They look more like Eskimos than actual cave people."
Thomas: "Yes they maybe look like Inuits, but even cave people were covered in lots of layers of fur clothing to keep them warm, since we lost most of our hair growing only in certain regions like our heads, they need fur coats in a cold climate like this."
The does run with their fawns following behind the bucks. Only two of them were cornered although one of the bucks using his remaining energy manages to leap across one of the men who falls to the ground, the other buck unfortunately had been speared as the hunters threw their long arrowhead point stick weapons on the back and throat as it collapses and dies. The team was were shocked and frightened as they hid and witness the hunt as they walked away. Soon farther away from them, they heard trumpeting that they know could be one thing.
Dawn: "Oh my, Hey guys do you hear that?"
Numbuh 2: "Yeah, I do Could it be?!"
Spongebob: "It sounds like an elephant."
Soon they followed the source of the sound, and see a herd of large dark brown thick fur coat Elephants with curved tusks.
Thomas: "What do we know, It's a herd of Woolly Mammoths. They must be taking a pit stop due to the blizzard on their own way to their winter grazing grounds."
Charlie: "Well, that was easy, I mean, we actually found them."
As they approached, they saw one of the females rear up angrily possibly the Matriach – however, it didn't seem directed at them. As we looked closer into a dense stand of larch, they noticed three dark, human-shaped figures, clad in animal pelts moving in between the trees like ghosts. The Megaloceros herd close by was very wary and so were the Cro-Magnons who finished butchering the meat and peeling the skin leather off the carcass before walking away from those mysterious beings, 'Who were they?' they wondered/
Iris: "What the?!"
Eddy: "Those must be cavemen right?"
Thomas: "Lisa, are they Cro-Magnons?"
Lisa: "No… too big and tall, they could be Neanderthals or something else – they must have been stalking the deer, using the blizzard as an advantage. The deer won't be able to see as well – soon they'll be easy prey and maybe so for mammoths."
Rigby: "I say we go after the giant deer first."
Charlie: "Good thinking Rigby, male deer can be quite aggressive if approached once they charge the herd will follow."
Charlie began walking towards the giant deer, slowly and deliberately. As Mordecai, Rigby, and Charlie walked closer, the stags flattened their ears, pawed the ground again, and snorted. Eventually, the stag decided that Charlie had gotten too close and lowered his head and began to slowly walk towards him, before suddenly throwing his head back and charging at him. When he had gotten close enough, the Blue Jay and Rigby had finished setting up the portal as Mordecai shouted.
Mordecai: "Now Rigby!"
Rigby: "Ok! Ok! I'm pressing the button!"
Rigby activated the portal and the deer, not changing his course, charged through. The other stags, hinds, and their fawns, as if confused, followed the main stag through the glowing orb as Charlie deeply sighs in relief.
Mordecai: "Piece of cake!"
Charlie: "Yeah man, you two did well."
Ribgy: "Why thank you."
Looking over his shoulder, he noticed the dark figures had gone.
Charlie: "Hey, where did they go?"
Mordecai: "They just disappeared."
Rigby: "Maybe the sight of the portal frightened them."
Same with the Mammoths as our heroes leave the forest as the blizzard subsided then Bubbles spotted something, that resembles a mythical creature that any girl would love to see.
Bubbles: "Guys look unicorns!"
Numbuh 3: "What? Where?"
They headed down the hill to find a crash of large rhinos congregated by a barely frozen pond. They were covered with brown woolly fur with the top half of their bodies being either dark or grayish brown, and their most distinctive feature, however, was their boss-like short horn – for all in the world, like a unicorn's horn.
Bubbles: "Look down there!"
Buttercup: "Bubbles, I don't they look like unicorns, they look like rhinos with wooly fur."
Thomas: "Yes, you are right Buttercup, these are woolly rhinos Buttercup I might recognize
Elasmotherium, it is also called the Siberian unicorn, due to being the size of a mammoth and is thought to have borne a large, thick horn on its forehead. The name means "laminated beast" A reference to the laminated folding of the tooth enamel. Like all rhinoceroses, elasmotheres were herbivorous and had two premolars and three molars for chewing, and lacked incisors and canines, relying instead on a prehensile lip to strip food. Elasmotherium were euhypsodonts, with large tooth crowns and enamel extending below the gum line, and continuously growing teeth. Fossils rarely show evidence of tooth roots. Unlike any other rhinos and any other ungulates aside from some notoungulates, its high-crowned molars were ever-growing, and it was likely adapted for a grazing diet. Modern hypsodont hoofed mammals are generally grazers of open environments, with hypsodonty possibly an adaptation to chewing tough, fibrous grass.
Elasmotherium dental wearing is similar to that of the grazing white rhino, as both of their heads have a downward orientation, indicating a similar lifestyle and an ability to only reach low-lying plants. In fact, the head of Elasmotherium had the most obtuse angle of any rhinoceros, and could only reach the lowest levels and therefore must have grazed habitually and it also displays euhypsodonty, which is typically seen in rodents, and dental physiology could have been influenced by pulling up food from moist, grainy soil. These Elasmotheres are using their heads
ro plow through the snow to search for any available grass and trying to crack open the ice in the pond to find water. It's endemic to Eurasia inhabiting mammoth steppeland and riparian riversides, and roamed during Late Miocene through the Pleistocene, existing at least as late as 39,000 years ago in the Late Pleistocene. A more recent date of 26,000 BP is considered less reliable. It was the last surviving member of Elasmotheriinae, a distinctive group of rhinoceroses separate from the group that contains living rhinoceros, Rhinocerotinae. The two groups are estimated to have split at least 35 million years ago according to fossils and molecular evidence.
There are four species, The one we're seeing the best known species, Elasmotherium sibiricum, known specimens reach up to 4.5 m (15 ft) in length, with shoulder heights of over 2 m (6 ft 7 in), making Elasmotherium the largest rhinos of the Quaternary comparable in size to the woolly mammoth and larger than the contemporary woolly rhinoceros. As for it's keratinous horn, indicated by a circular dome on the forehead, has a 13-centimetre (5-inch) deep, furrowed surface, and a circumference of 90 cm (3 feet). The furrows are interpreted as the seats of blood vessels for horn-generating tissue. In rhinos, the horn is not attached to bone, but grows from the surface of a dense skin tissue, anchoring itself by creating bone irregularities and rugosities. The outermost layer cornifies. As the layers age, the horn loses diameter by degradation of the keratin due to ultraviolet light, drying out, and continual wearing. However, melanin and calcium deposits in the centre harden the keratin there, which gives the horn its distinctive shape. There was likely a large hump of muscle on the back, which is generally thought to have supported a heavy horn. But a new study in 2021 challenges assumptions of Elasmotherium having had a horn by comparing its cranial dome and neck musculature to those of modern rhinos. The study finds that both are ill-suited for a large horn and more likely are indicative of a resonating chamber of some sort, akin to that of Rusingoryx and hadrosaur crests. So the horns would of been boss like and short similar to the Indian rhinoceros. Elasmotherium had similar running limbs to the white rhinoceros–which run at 30 km/h (19 mph) with a top speed of 40–45 km/h (25–28 mph). However, Elasmotherium had double the weight–about 5 t (5.5 short tons)–and consequently had a more restricted gait and mobility, likely achieving much slower speeds. Elephants, weighing 2.5–11 t (2.8–12.1 short tons), cannot exceed a speed of 20 km/h (12 mph). Its legs were longer than those of other rhinos and were adapted for galloping, giving it a horse-like gait.
Lynn: "Wow, that is fast for a bulky huge wooly rhino."
Bubbles: "They sound cool like unicorns."
French Narrator: "The Elasmotherium will soon be extinct like most ice age animals, the timing is roughly coincident with the Pleistocene extinction, where anything over 45 kg (100 lb) went extinct, coinciding with a shift to a cooler climate–which resulted in replacement of grasses and herbs by lichens and mosses–and the migration of modern humans into the area. Unless our heroes do something about it."
Dexter: "I find this iweird they didn't lived this far west."
Thomas: "It is complicated when dealing with animals outside their normal ranges, but it's a perfect opportunity, don't you think?"
Charlie: "Yes it is, who wants to get in on this?"
Finn: "I'll do it! Jake, you're with me!"
Jake: "On it bro!"
Finn: "Hey Woolly Chubby Unicorns over here!"
Finn ran towards the herd blaring the horn. Noticing the sound, the herd turned to Finn and began to stamp and bellow – once he had gotten close enough, they charged Finn, in which Jake stretching to create a ravine corridor and pressing the button of the remote in which activated the portal and as Finn dived out of the way – unable to change their trajectory, they charged through, into the present.
Charlie: "Nicely done, Finn and Jake."
After the rhinos, they continued moving through the forest until they came upon a herd of two species of horse. One looked like a Prezvalski's horse, but darker-coloured but there were also in other colors whilst the other looked like onagers, only slightly larger and darker in colour with black stripes on their legs and shoulder regions.
Dee-Dee: "Horsies! Over there!"
Mac: "Whoa! Um, Thomas this feels out of place to see horses and donkeys in the ice age."
Thomas: "True, most animals we often associate might seem out of place from the environment we're used to envision they live, but they have adapted and cope and there are fossil evidence too, and Dee Dee is right. These are Eurasian Wild Horse commonly called the Tarpan. The name "tarpan" or "tarpani" derives from a Turkic language (Kazakh or Kyrgyz) name meaning "wild horse". The Tatars and the Cossacks distinguished the wild horse from the feral horse; by their latter name called Takja or Muzin. This horse have been present in Euope since the Pleistocene and had a continuous range from western Europe to Alaska; historic material suggests wild horses lived in most parts of Holocene continental Europe and the Eurasian steppe, including southern France and Spain east to central Russia except for parts of Scandinavia, Iceland and Ireland. There areakso cave drawings of primitive predomestication horses at Lascaux, France and in Cave of Altamira, Spain, as well as artifacts believed to show the species in southern Russia, where a horse of this type was domesticated around 3000 BC. Although Gray in color, they came in different colors like most horses, Black, Brown, Light brown, white with black spots, and Tan. A number of coat color genotypes have been identified within European wild horses from the Pleistocene and Holocene: those creating bay, black and leopard complex are known from the wild horse population in Europe and were depicted in cave paintings of wild horses during the Pleistocene. The dun gene, a dilution gene seen in Przewalski's horse that also creates the grullo or "blue dun" coat seen in the Konik, has not yet been studied in European wild horses. It is likely that at least some wild horses had a dun coat. The color coat determines which environment it lived in whether be the forests or the plains and Tarpans made stronger sounds than domestic horses and the overall appearance of these horses was mule-like."
Frankie: "I can also see the social structure like most horses, The herd is often consists of several mares, their foals, and one dominant male stallion."
Dexter: "I read that the Wild horses still were common in the east of Prussia during the 15th and early 16th centuries. During the 16th century, wild horses disappeared from most of the mainland of western Europe and became less common in eastern Europe as well. They were hunted for food during the Paleolithic times. In modern times, They were persecuted as pests causing damage to hay stores and they interbreed with the domestic horses which led to a low pure gene pool of the wild type. The oldest archaeological evidence for domesticated horses is from Kazakhstan and Ukraine between 6,000 and 5,500 YBP (years before present). The diverse mitochondrial DNA of domestic horses contrasts sharply with the very low diversity of the Y chromosome; that suggests that many mares but only a few stallions were used, and local use of wild mares or even secondary sites of domestication are likely. Therefore, the European wild horse may well have contributed to the domestic horse. The last individual believed to be a tarpan died in captivity in the Russian Empire during 1909. Beginning in the 1930s, several attempts were made to develop horses that looked like tarpans through selective breeding, called "breeding back" by advocates. The breeds that resulted included the Heck horse, the Hegardt or Stroebel's horse, and a derivation of the Konik breed, all of which have a primitive appearance, particularly in having the grullo coat colour.
Dee Dee(sniffs): "It sounds sad."
Eduardo: "Well, what about the burros?"
Thomas: "Those must be European wild Donkeys, An extinct subspecies of the modern day Onager or Asiatic Wild Donkey."
Amanda: "You mean European Wild Ass?"
Charlie: :Yes, we know they're also called jackasses."
Thomas: "Very true, They were an extinct equine from the Middle Pleistocene to Late Holocene of Western Eurasia. It appeared first in the fossil record around 350-300,000 years before present. In the late Pleistocene it was widespread throughout much of western Eurasia from the Middle East to Europe, especially along the Mediterranean, with fossil reports from Sicily, Turkey, Spain, France and Portugal. In the east the range apparently stretched at least to the Volga and to Iran. In the north it reached almost to the North Sea in Germany and the British Isles. Its range fragmented after the Last Glacial Maximum, surviving into the Holocene, its range gradually contracted further, persisting in small regions of southern Europe into the Bronze age, and in Iran and the Caucasus into the Iron Age, around 500 BC. It has been suggested that the Iberian Zebro, extinct in the wild from the 16th century, could correspond to the Equus hydruntinus, although the word "zebro" or "cebro" comes from Latin equiferus meaning 'wild horse'. Later research judged that it was unlikely that hydruntines persisted in the Iberian Peninsula beyond the Chalcolithic. Evidence shows that the European donkey favoured semi-arid, steppic conditions and showed a preference for temperate climates, although it was also found in cool or cold conditions. It may have retreated to warmer locales during the coldest periods although the relatively short muzzle indicates an adaptation for cold conditions. It preferred open biotopes, between shrubland (favoured by true horses) and grassland (favoured by bovids). Their ecological role in the ice age steppes was similar to relatives like zebras."
Bubbles: "Look at the horses, They have thick, warm winter coats. It traps air next to the skin, which helps insulate them against cold weather. In fact, horses in good body condition can withstand temperatures down to -40 degrees Fahrenheit without difficulty."
Charlie: "Good deduction Bubbles, As for the Donkeys thry can withstand cold temperatures
by growing long coats as well which maintains their body temperature and look at what they're doing."
They notice some of the Wild Donkeys using their snouts to plow though the snow searching for any available grass underneath and eating the snow as the same time for water.
Charlie: "They're using their snouts to dig through the snow to find grass and they'll even eat snow as a substitute for water. Unlike Horses, they have different social structure, Stallions can either establish a territory which they defend or establish a harem of females with their young. During the winter months, Young stallions would join together in bachelor groups."
Suddenly, one of the stallions snorted and we turned to see a spotted shape move through the bushes and climbing up the trees. Some of the toons noticing the moving figure were shivering in fear
Chloe: "What was that?!"
Sucy: "I don't know what it is, But we're not alone?!"
Suddenly, something, moving so fast it was a blur, pounced out of the of the tallest tree and towards the horses, and donkeys who stampeded. Frightened by the unseen assailant the braying and neighing horses ran for their lives and heading towards the team's direction.
Double D:" Not good! Not good!"
Thomas: "Quick Kuki! Wally! Get the portal ready!"
The two kids hurried as they were setting up the portal in the herd's rough trajectory – just as Numbuh 5 pressed the button of the remote the portal appears and unable to change their course, they barrelled through it, into the present. After that we were able to get a good look at what had caused the stampede – it was a leopard, slightly larger than those today it resembled a persian Leopard tan color with light brown cemtered rosette black spots. The big cat snarled in disappointment at his prey suddenly having disappeared. The first ice age predator the crew had encounter, This left some of the members confused because they don't normally associate or even know that leopards exist in the ice age.
Diana: "It's a Leopard?!"
Lisa: "Altough, it might seem out of place, but its true some modern day leopards do live in cold environments like the Amur Leopard."
Lotte: "It seems this is a Cave Leopard also called the European Ice Age leopard or Late Pleistocene leopard, Scientific name (Panthera pardus spelaea). A fossil leopard subspecies, which roamed Europe in the Late Pleistocene. The youngest known bone fragments date to about 32,000 to 26,000 years ago, and are similar in size to modern leopard bones. The European Ice Age leopard is thought to have resembled a snow leopard or Persian leopard in fur pattern. Their soft, dense fur keeps them warm in the bitter cold, and their large paws work like snowshoes to let them walk on snow without sinking. Its skull was medium-long and its characteristics are closest to modern Persian leopards. The only known depiction of this leopard in the Chauvet Cave shows a coat pattern similar to that of modern leopards. It is unclear if the spots were organised in larger rosettes like in modern Persian leopards. In contrast to modern leopards, the belly of the depicted animal is unspotted white. Fossils of small female leopards can sometimes be confused with large male lynxes. Leopards from the cold phases (glacials) of the Late Pleistocene are usually larger than those from the warm phases (interglacials). As in modern leopards, there was a strong sexual dimorphism, with males being larger than females.
Fossils of European Ice Age leopards in Europe are sometimes found in caves, where they apparently sought shelter or hid their prey. They generally preferred smaller caves, most likely because larger caves were usually occupied by larger predators such as cave bears, cave lions, or humans. In European Ice Age caves, leopard bones are far rarer than those of lions, and all currently known fossils belong to adults, suggesting that they rarely, if ever, raised their cubs in caves. During the cold phases, European Ice Age leopards occurred mainly in mountain or alpine boreal forests or in mountains above the treeline, and were not usually found in the lowland mammoth steppes. It is not precisely known which prey species these leopards hunted, although they may have been similar to modern snow leopards, which prey on ibex, deer and wild boar. It is likely that leopards scavenged or occasionally killed cave bears during hibernation in their leopard must of trying to go after the Weak and young individuals in the horse and donkey herd."
Thomas: "good explanation Lotte, and this Leopard would be a great addition to the park."
Amanda: "Set aside, I'll take it from here!"
Diana: "What are you doing Amanda?!"
Amanda: "Following Charlie's trick!"
Charlie: "My what?!"
Amanda: "Playing the decoy!"
Using her wand she made a spell that blares like a horn and began blaring it at the leopard – causing the big cat to snarl and begin to move closer to her.
Thomas: "Get the portal Ready!"
Hearing Thomas Wilt and Eduardo set it the portal as Cilan had the it had gotten close enough, it pounced – Amanda dived out of the way and activated the portal. Unable to change its trajectory, the leopard pounced through and after Cilan turned it off.
Amanda: "Oh Yeah!"
Charlie: "Not bad!"
Diana just rolled her eyes regardless of Amanda's Act.
Thomas: "Hey, at least it worked."
Blossom: "Guys, another storm is coming, Let's find a cave to weather this storm out."
Thomas: "I think we should travel through this forest here and hopefully we'll find a place to take shelter."
The Team sets off as they travel through the forest searching for shelter, although its not the place where they can find their target.
French Narrator: "Here in the lce Age, at the very end the warming of the climate has changed this world soon once was rich, open grassland covered in grazing mammoths will now be invaded by dense forest."
Thomas: "This forest isn't suitable Mammoth habitat. They prefer tundra steppe grasslands We've gone for miles and this Taiga forest is limitless. With the climate soon to be warming and caterpillars can survive on pine needles, but a six-ton mammoth, no way, there's just not enough nutrition. It's this lack of good food that's brought the mammoth population to its knees. It looks like there's nothing but trees here.
French Narrator: "But at last the team finds something to break the monotony. A prehistoric cave some can't resist exploring."
Soon our heroes find a cave it was rocky and dark as they entered inside.
Charlie: "Guys look a cave "
Rigby: "What if there a bear in it?"
Lana loud: "Oh, if only, if it's empty."
Thomas: "We'll investigate it and then we spent the night in here."
Lincoln: "CDo any of you guys any chance of having a flashlight?"
Numbuh 2: "I got one here
Lincoln: Thank you."
Numbuh 2: "No problem, just treat them carefully."
Frankie: "Say do you get this feeling? That this cave might already be occupied?"
Numbuh 5: "How so?"
As Lincoln went inside deeper inside the cave to investigate along with Lola and Lana Loud
Lana Loud: "Wait for us bro!"
Lola: "Hold on! Not too fast!"
Lincoln: "This reminds me the time I was snowed in with Clyde."
Lana: "Bro you weren't the only one."
They sped past their older Brother. Then suddenly Lana loud feels something soft in front of her
Lana: "Hmm? Ooh, Lola feel this."
As Lana feels the soft part with her mittens joined by Lola.
Lola: "It feels so soft."
Lana: "It feels like fur."
Lola: "Very soft fur."
Lincoln: "Lans, Lols, what are you petting?" (Pauses for a moment) "Wait? Fur?! Don't tell this thing is a…"
Lincoln with a Flashlight pointed it towards the much darker interior portions of the cave, and switched it on at full brightness...right in the pockmarked face of a bear, An eye shot up as it woke up.
